{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2164124736","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azu081","title":"The 2011 English \u2018Riots\u2019: Prosecutorial Zeal and Judicial Abandon","display_name":"The 2011 English \u2018Riots\u2019: Prosecutorial Zeal and Judicial Abandon","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-10-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2164124736","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azu081","mag":"2164124736"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/bjc/azu081","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azu081","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azu081","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S27273401","display_name":"The British Journal of Criminology","issn_l":"0007-0955","issn":["0007-0955","1464-3529"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"British Journal of Criminology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://research.manchester.ac.uk/en/publications/68f63471-32d1-460d-8729-678cd64faa10","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073516055","display_name":"Carly Lightowlers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0608-8141","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0608-8141"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63098007","display_name":"Liverpool John Moores University","ror":"https://ror.org/04zfme737","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63098007"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Carly Lightowlers","raw_affiliation_strings":[", School of Law, Liverpool John Moores University, Room 113, Redmonds Building, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5UG, UK; [email protected]; Hannah Quirk, School of Law, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":", School of Law, Liverpool John Moores University, Room 113, Redmonds Building, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5UG, UK; [email protected]; Hannah Quirk, School of Law, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311","https://openalex.org/I63098007"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078788771","display_name":"Hannah Quirk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0518-784X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0518-784X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hannah Quirk","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5073516055"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311","https://openalex.org/I63098007"],"apc_list":{"value":4050,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":5341},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":17.9442,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98806213,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"55","issue":"1","first_page":"65","last_page":"85"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12736","display_name":"Criminal Justice and Penology","score":0.6147000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12736","display_name":"Criminal Justice and Penology","score":0.6147000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13376","display_name":"Criminal Law and Policy","score":0.2361000031232834,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10318","display_name":"Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis","score":0.08860000222921371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/2011-london-riots","display_name":"2011 London riots","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/riots","display_name":"riots","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentencing","display_name":"sentencing","score":0.5989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentencing-guidelines","display_name":"sentencing guidelines","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-disorder","display_name":"public disorder","score":0.5609999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aggravating-circumstances","display_name":"aggravating circumstances","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/court-of-appeal","display_name":"Court of Appeal","score":0.609000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentencing-council","display_name":"sentencing council","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/criminal-justice-process","display_name":"criminal justice process","score":0.5120000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arrests","display_name":"arrests","score":0.5509999990463257}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778449503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q329777","display_name":"Appeal","level":2,"score":0.7888880968093872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.6649606823921204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73484699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733","display_name":"Criminology","level":1,"score":0.6637157797813416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5323408246040344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.4951106607913971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521751864","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729207","display_name":"Christian ministry","level":2,"score":0.4636572003364563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780182762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1630279","display_name":"Guideline","level":2,"score":0.44619399309158325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139621336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3190382","display_name":"Economic Justice","level":2,"score":0.4417419135570526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.4378302991390228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.43467479944229126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102587632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117488","display_name":"Criminal justice","level":2,"score":0.4143930971622467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/bjc/azu081","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azu081","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azu081","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S27273401","display_name":"The British Journal of Criminology","issn_l":"0007-0955","issn":["0007-0955","1464-3529"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"British Journal of Criminology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:90752","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/90752/1/Final%20BJC%20article%20for%20Symplectics.pdf","pdf_url":"http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/90752/1/Final%20BJC%20article%20for%20Symplectics.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400854","display_name":"White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800616092","host_organization_name":"White Rose University Consortium","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800616092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.868.2108","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.868.2108","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://bjc.oxfordjournals.org/content/55/1/65.full.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.875.8281","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.875.8281","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://bjc.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2014/10/17/bjc.azu081.full.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:kclpure.kcl.ac.uk:publications/b2145984-83b9-4758-80c5-e2632dad01fe","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/b2145984-83b9-4758-80c5-e2632dad01fe","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400216","display_name":"Research Portal (King's College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","host_organization_name":"King's College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Lightowlers, C & Quirk, H 2015, 'The 2011 English 'Riots': Prosecutorial Zeal and Judicial Abandon', The British Journal of Criminology, vol. 55, no. 1, pp. 65-85. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azu081","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire/68f63471-32d1-460d-8729-678cd64faa10","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.manchester.ac.uk/en/publications/68f63471-32d1-460d-8729-678cd64faa10","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400662","display_name":"Research Explorer (The University of Manchester)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","host_organization_name":"University of Manchester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Lightowlers, C & Quirk, H 2015, 'The 2011 English 'Riots': Prosecutorial Zeal and Judicial Abandon', The British Journal of Criminology, vol. 55, no. 1, pp. 65-85. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azu081","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire/68f63471-32d1-460d-8729-678cd64faa10","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.manchester.ac.uk/en/publications/68f63471-32d1-460d-8729-678cd64faa10","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400662","display_name":"Research Explorer (The University of Manchester)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","host_organization_name":"University of Manchester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Lightowlers, C & Quirk, H 2015, 'The 2011 English 'Riots': Prosecutorial Zeal and Judicial Abandon', The British Journal of Criminology, vol. 55, no. 1, pp. 65-85. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azu081","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W65014433","https://openalex.org/W116864300","https://openalex.org/W438639526","https://openalex.org/W563746146","https://openalex.org/W1517329757","https://openalex.org/W1527167638","https://openalex.org/W1570746462","https://openalex.org/W1851359994","https://openalex.org/W1859352474","https://openalex.org/W1979956160","https://openalex.org/W1980316806","https://openalex.org/W1984071686","https://openalex.org/W1997967831","https://openalex.org/W1998196218","https://openalex.org/W2005659421","https://openalex.org/W2007483171","https://openalex.org/W2015388216","https://openalex.org/W2023399929","https://openalex.org/W2039040650","https://openalex.org/W2060063706","https://openalex.org/W2063138934","https://openalex.org/W2066252025","https://openalex.org/W2070486087","https://openalex.org/W2075620136","https://openalex.org/W2092803445","https://openalex.org/W2102696110","https://openalex.org/W2126053152","https://openalex.org/W2168373761","https://openalex.org/W2190937985","https://openalex.org/W2250243818","https://openalex.org/W2324828908","https://openalex.org/W2343040584","https://openalex.org/W2797393382","https://openalex.org/W2887674392","https://openalex.org/W2892798125","https://openalex.org/W3215445271","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4301777250","https://openalex.org/W6632481061","https://openalex.org/W6668001215"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2528339767","https://openalex.org/W2020474054","https://openalex.org/W95810313","https://openalex.org/W3215445271","https://openalex.org/W2477588042","https://openalex.org/W2150330834","https://openalex.org/W2963139855","https://openalex.org/W2129786278","https://openalex.org/W7046849983","https://openalex.org/W6964398826"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Much":[0],"attention":[1],"has":[2,64],"focussed":[3],"on":[4],"the":[5,8,12,34,49,61,85,100,111],"severity":[6],"of":[7,20,29,54,94],"sentences":[9,86],"imposed":[10,87],"following":[11],"2011":[13],"\u2018summer":[14],"rioting\u2019":[15],"in":[16,25,43,74,88],"England.":[17],"The":[18,37],"Court":[19,50],"Appeal":[21],"confirmed":[22],"that":[23],"participation":[24],"a":[26,108],"collective":[27],"outbreak":[28],"disorder":[30,69],"takes":[31],"offending":[32,42,66],"outside":[33],"sentencing":[35,40],"guidelines.":[36],"position":[38],"for":[39,99],"riot-related":[41],"future":[44],"is":[45],"unclear,":[46],"however,":[47],"as":[48],"gave":[51],"no":[52],"indication":[53],"how":[55,103],"to":[56,97,116],"calibrate":[57],"this":[58,104],"departure,":[59],"and":[60],"Sentencing":[62],"Council":[63],"made":[65],"during":[67],"public":[68],"an":[70],"aggravating":[71],"factor":[72],"only":[73],"its":[75],"burglary":[76],"guideline.":[77],"This":[78],"article":[79],"explores":[80],"new":[81],"empirical":[82],"evidence":[83],"regarding":[84],"Manchester,":[89],"together":[90],"with":[91],"national":[92],"Ministry":[93],"Justice":[95],"data,":[96],"demonstrate":[98],"first":[101],"time":[102],"\u2018uplift\u2019":[105],"effect":[106],"was":[107],"feature":[109],"throughout":[110],"criminal":[112],"process,":[113],"from":[114],"arrest":[115],"sentence.":[117]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
