{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2163370089","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1681/asn.2005121256","title":"The Endothelin System and Its Antagonism in Chronic Kidney Disease","display_name":"The Endothelin System and Its Antagonism in Chronic Kidney Disease","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-03-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2163370089","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1681/asn.2005121256","mag":"2163370089","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16540557"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1681/asn.2005121256","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1681/asn.2005121256","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1681/asn.2005121256","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115693375","display_name":"Journal of the American Society of Nephrology","issn_l":"1046-6673","issn":["1046-6673","1533-3450"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315620","host_organization_name":"American Society of Nephrology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315620"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society of Nephrology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society of Nephrology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085998748","display_name":"Neeraj Dhaun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9128-6603","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9128-6603"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802789809","display_name":"Edinburgh Royal Infirmary","ror":"https://ror.org/009bsy196","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802789809"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164624","display_name":"The Queen's Medical Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/059zxg644","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164624","https://openalex.org/I98677209"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Neeraj Dhaun","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Queen's Medical Research Institute, 3rd Floor East, Room E3.23, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK. bean.dhaun@ed.ac.uk","Clinical Pharmacology Unit, University of Edinburgh, The Queen\u2019s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, Scotland","Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, and","Dr. Neeraj Dhaun, The Queen\u2019s Medical Research Institute, 3rd Floor East, Room E3.23, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ. Phone: +44-131-242-9210","E-mail: [email\u00a0protected]","Fax: +44- 870-134-2778"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Queen's Medical Research Institute, 3rd Floor East, Room E3.23, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK. bean.dhaun@ed.ac.uk","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164624"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Pharmacology Unit, University of Edinburgh, The Queen\u2019s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, Scotland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164624","https://openalex.org/I98677209"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, and","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802789809"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dr. Neeraj Dhaun, The Queen\u2019s Medical Research Institute, 3rd Floor East, Room E3.23, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ. Phone: +44-131-242-9210","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164624"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"E-mail: [email\u00a0protected]","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fax: +44- 870-134-2778","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113653074","display_name":"Jane G. Goddard","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802789809","display_name":"Edinburgh Royal Infirmary","ror":"https://ror.org/009bsy196","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802789809"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jane Goddard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, and","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802789809"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111640712","display_name":"DavidJ. Webb","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164624","display_name":"The Queen's Medical Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/059zxg644","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164624","https://openalex.org/I98677209"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"DavidJ. Webb","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinical Pharmacology Unit, University of Edinburgh, The Queen\u2019s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, Scotland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Pharmacology Unit, University of Edinburgh, The Queen\u2019s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, Scotland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164624","https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085998748","https://openalex.org/A5113653074"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802789809","https://openalex.org/I4210164624","https://openalex.org/I98677209"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.1073,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":269,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98547731,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"4","first_page":"943","last_page":"955"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10155","display_name":"Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects","score":0.9735999703407288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10155","display_name":"Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects","score":0.9735999703407288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10408","display_name":"Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes","score":0.02019999921321869,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2727","display_name":"Nephrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11001","display_name":"Renin-Angiotensin System Studies","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endothelin-system","display_name":"endothelin system","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endothelin-1","display_name":"endothelin-1","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endothelin-receptor-antagonists","display_name":"endothelin receptor antagonists","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-kidney-disease","display_name":"chronic kidney disease","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-risk","display_name":"cardiovascular risk","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypertension","display_name":"hypertension","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arterial-stiffness","display_name":"arterial stiffness","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxidative-stress","display_name":"oxidative stress","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inflammation","display_name":"inflammation","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endothelial-dysfunction","display_name":"endothelial dysfunction","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atherosclerosis","display_name":"atherosclerosis","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renal-hemodynamics","display_name":"renal hemodynamics","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proteinuria","display_name":"proteinuria","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-kidney-disease-progression","display_name":"chronic kidney disease progression","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ace-inhibitors","display_name":"ACE inhibitors","score":0.9409999847412109}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8018349409103394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778653478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054718","display_name":"Kidney disease","level":2,"score":0.770527184009552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909649922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106318493","display_name":"Endothelins","level":4,"score":0.666799008846283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.5594651699066162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780972559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q550061","display_name":"Endothelial dysfunction","level":2,"score":0.5377666354179382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780942790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q372016","display_name":"Pathogenesis","level":2,"score":0.4797593057155609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144980905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24721308","display_name":"Endothelin receptor","level":3,"score":0.47914665937423706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781309322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5038718","display_name":"Cardiorenal syndrome","level":3,"score":0.4765603840351105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.4372912049293518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780091579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9377","display_name":"Kidney","level":2,"score":0.4117039144039154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.3989821672439575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.38410210609436035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.14937812089920044}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002908","descriptor_name":"Chronic Disease","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006973","descriptor_name":"Hypertension","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007668","descriptor_name":"Kidney","qualifier_ui":"Q000098","qualifier_name":"blood supply","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007668","descriptor_name":"Kidney","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007674","descriptor_name":"Kidney Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007674","descriptor_name":"Kidney Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012084","descriptor_name":"Renin-Angiotensin System","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014655","descriptor_name":"Vascular Resistance","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016232","descriptor_name":"Endothelins","qualifier_ui":"Q000037","qualifier_name":"antagonists & inhibitors","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016232","descriptor_name":"Endothelins","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018384","descriptor_name":"Oxidative Stress","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018836","descriptor_name":"Inflammation Mediators","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D050197","descriptor_name":"Atherosclerosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1681/asn.2005121256","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1681/asn.2005121256","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1681/asn.2005121256","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115693375","display_name":"Journal of the American Society of Nephrology","issn_l":"1046-6673","issn":["1046-6673","1533-3450"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315620","host_organization_name":"American Society of Nephrology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315620"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society of Nephrology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society of Nephrology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:16540557","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16540557","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.98580002784729}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":160,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W21619563","https://openalex.org/W147720950","https://openalex.org/W1515618057","https://openalex.org/W1891665744","https://openalex.org/W1929084030","https://openalex.org/W1964033455","https://openalex.org/W1968348119","https://openalex.org/W1969653240","https://openalex.org/W1971498397","https://openalex.org/W1976062999","https://openalex.org/W1976502176","https://openalex.org/W1977343715","https://openalex.org/W1978345826","https://openalex.org/W1979155838","https://openalex.org/W1980762198","https://openalex.org/W1982170386","https://openalex.org/W1990332210","https://openalex.org/W1990938332","https://openalex.org/W1991622094","https://openalex.org/W1991900778","https://openalex.org/W1992159469","https://openalex.org/W1992583442","https://openalex.org/W1997310239","https://openalex.org/W2000620003","https://openalex.org/W2001993227","https://openalex.org/W2003521419","https://openalex.org/W2003591994","https://openalex.org/W2004701138","https://openalex.org/W2009215187","https://openalex.org/W2011837005","https://openalex.org/W2013616551","https://openalex.org/W2017689959","https://openalex.org/W2022724650","https://openalex.org/W2024469236","https://openalex.org/W2025990454","https://openalex.org/W2026218999","https://openalex.org/W2028108925","https://openalex.org/W2029785070","https://openalex.org/W2029969503","https://openalex.org/W2034412826","https://openalex.org/W2036032197","https://openalex.org/W2039420330","https://openalex.org/W2039518786","https://openalex.org/W2044786970","https://openalex.org/W2044831840","https://openalex.org/W2045997348","https://openalex.org/W2047390341","https://openalex.org/W2048302860","https://openalex.org/W2051098568","https://openalex.org/W2052410701","https://openalex.org/W2054279355","https://openalex.org/W2054833206","https://openalex.org/W2055044481","https://openalex.org/W2056307850","https://openalex.org/W2057133669","https://openalex.org/W2058539576","https://openalex.org/W2058923973","https://openalex.org/W2059046093","https://openalex.org/W2059279349","https://openalex.org/W2059369537","https://openalex.org/W2060376161","https://openalex.org/W2066895998","https://openalex.org/W2068597752","https://openalex.org/W2070506548","https://openalex.org/W2074222070","https://openalex.org/W2074636215","https://openalex.org/W2074748231","https://openalex.org/W2075833320","https://openalex.org/W2076584321","https://openalex.org/W2076609108","https://openalex.org/W2076644187","https://openalex.org/W2078287694","https://openalex.org/W2082069148","https://openalex.org/W2083481797","https://openalex.org/W2086334936","https://openalex.org/W2086726580","https://openalex.org/W2088964290","https://openalex.org/W2089162544","https://openalex.org/W2089930218","https://openalex.org/W2091508721","https://openalex.org/W2092456220","https://openalex.org/W2094986366","https://openalex.org/W2094988613","https://openalex.org/W2097739157","https://openalex.org/W2097796010","https://openalex.org/W2098049767","https://openalex.org/W2098526878","https://openalex.org/W2098657147","https://openalex.org/W2099246517","https://openalex.org/W2101476601","https://openalex.org/W2101535700","https://openalex.org/W2102180002","https://openalex.org/W2104825830","https://openalex.org/W2104840130","https://openalex.org/W2107720761","https://openalex.org/W2108757678","https://openalex.org/W2109615331","https://openalex.org/W2110883082","https://openalex.org/W2111696392","https://openalex.org/W2113842550","https://openalex.org/W2114778001","https://openalex.org/W2116615883","https://openalex.org/W2117801129","https://openalex.org/W2120309176","https://openalex.org/W2120837125","https://openalex.org/W2122524013","https://openalex.org/W2123758810","https://openalex.org/W2126498265","https://openalex.org/W2129137900","https://openalex.org/W2131599914","https://openalex.org/W2137678094","https://openalex.org/W2138980497","https://openalex.org/W2139968474","https://openalex.org/W2141528467","https://openalex.org/W2141742095","https://openalex.org/W2142794866","https://openalex.org/W2146278956","https://openalex.org/W2146763966","https://openalex.org/W2148145053","https://openalex.org/W2150347497","https://openalex.org/W2151869895","https://openalex.org/W2154315205","https://openalex.org/W2159819952","https://openalex.org/W2160257210","https://openalex.org/W2160616072","https://openalex.org/W2161469339","https://openalex.org/W2161924597","https://openalex.org/W2162804111","https://openalex.org/W2163096271","https://openalex.org/W2170073073","https://openalex.org/W2170541055","https://openalex.org/W2171934314","https://openalex.org/W2172140066","https://openalex.org/W2218384350","https://openalex.org/W2282483549","https://openalex.org/W2282772280","https://openalex.org/W2292759102","https://openalex.org/W2295851231","https://openalex.org/W2300878932","https://openalex.org/W2313326603","https://openalex.org/W2314185182","https://openalex.org/W2316110478","https://openalex.org/W2318993770","https://openalex.org/W2319611369","https://openalex.org/W2320290562","https://openalex.org/W2321440587","https://openalex.org/W2328459235","https://openalex.org/W2334817595","https://openalex.org/W2336346210","https://openalex.org/W2338036527","https://openalex.org/W2341398312","https://openalex.org/W2396138633","https://openalex.org/W2402269490","https://openalex.org/W2402942740","https://openalex.org/W2403756785","https://openalex.org/W2413787368","https://openalex.org/W2415671322","https://openalex.org/W2416425883","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4317523496"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1894566821","https://openalex.org/W2485859165","https://openalex.org/W1991210746","https://openalex.org/W2995632710","https://openalex.org/W2044604651","https://openalex.org/W618788750","https://openalex.org/W3012083526","https://openalex.org/W2176373772","https://openalex.org/W1887385804","https://openalex.org/W2090827521"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,48,76],"incidence":[1],"of":[2,21,25,34,42,54,57,95,124,140,146,162],"chronic":[3],"kidney":[4],"disease":[5,11],"(CKD)":[6],"is":[7,13,60,158],"increasing":[8],"worldwide.":[9],"Cardiovascular":[10],"(CVD)":[12],"strongly":[14],"associated":[15],"with":[16,44,178],"CKD":[17,35,45,184],"and":[18,27,36,66,73,86,93,97,100,110,120,152,165],"constitutes":[19],"one":[20],"its":[22],"major":[23],"causes":[24],"morbidity":[26],"mortality.":[28],"Treatments":[29],"that":[30],"slow":[31],"the":[32,38,61,67,71,91,137,141],"progression":[33,161],"improve":[37],"cardiovascular":[39,72,103,131],"risk":[40,104],"profile":[41],"patients":[43],"are":[46,51,167],"needed.":[47],"endothelins":[49],"(ET)":[50],"a":[52,171],"family":[53],"related":[55],"peptides,":[56],"which":[58],"ET-1":[59,88],"most":[62],"powerful":[63],"endogenous":[64],"vasoconstrictor":[65],"predominant":[68],"isoform":[69],"in":[70,83,148,160,182],"renal":[74,150,163],"systems.":[75],"ET":[77,114,127,142,155,175],"system":[78,143],"has":[79],"been":[80],"widely":[81],"implicated":[82],"both":[84],"CVD":[85],"CKD.":[87],"contributes":[89,116],"to":[90,117,136,169],"pathogenesis":[92],"maintenance":[94],"hypertension":[96],"arterial":[98],"stiffness":[99],"more":[101],"novel":[102],"factors":[105],"such":[106],"as":[107],"oxidative":[108],"stress":[109],"inflammation.":[111],"Through":[112],"these,":[113],"also":[115,157],"endothelial":[118],"dysfunction":[119],"atherosclerosis.":[121],"By":[122],"reversal":[123],"these":[125],"effects,":[126],"antagonists":[128,177],"may":[129,144],"reduce":[130],"risk.":[132],"In":[133],"particular":[134],"relation":[135],"kidney,":[138],"antagonism":[139],"be":[145],"benefit":[147],"improving":[149],"hemodynamics":[151],"reducing":[153],"proteinuria.":[154],"likely":[156],"involved":[159],"disease,":[164],"data":[166],"emerging":[168],"suggest":[170],"synergistic":[172],"role":[173],"for":[174],"receptor":[176],"angiotensin-converting":[179],"enzyme":[180],"inhibitors":[181],"slowing":[183],"progression.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":13}],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T13:42:25.865203","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}