{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2163261850","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1614.2001.00925.x","title":"Restraint Practices in Australasian Emergency Departments","display_name":"Restraint Practices in Australasian Emergency Departments","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2163261850","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1614.2001.00925.x","mag":"2163261850","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11531726"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1046/j.1440-1614.2001.00925.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1614.2001.00925.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1614.2001.00925.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S179943861","display_name":"Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","issn_l":"0004-8674","issn":["0004-8674","1440-1614"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056531048","display_name":"Marianne E. Cannon","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802692842","display_name":"Fremantle Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03yxgmm62","country_code":"AU","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799506148","https://openalex.org/I2800882159","https://openalex.org/I2802692842","https://openalex.org/I4388446375","https://openalex.org/I4388482742"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marianne E. Cannon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fremantle Hospital, Fremantle, Western Australia, 6959, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fremantle Hospital, Fremantle, Western Australia, 6959, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802692842"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056531048","display_name":"Marianne E. Cannon","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802692842","display_name":"Fremantle Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03yxgmm62","country_code":"AU","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799506148","https://openalex.org/I2800882159","https://openalex.org/I2802692842","https://openalex.org/I4388446375","https://openalex.org/I4388482742"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marianne E. Cannon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fremantle Hospital, Fremantle, Western Australia, 6959, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fremantle Hospital, Fremantle, Western Australia, 6959, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802692842"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005346168","display_name":"Peter Sprivulis","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802692842","display_name":"Fremantle Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03yxgmm62","country_code":"AU","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799506148","https://openalex.org/I2800882159","https://openalex.org/I2802692842","https://openalex.org/I4388446375","https://openalex.org/I4388482742"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Sprivulis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fremantle Hospital, Fremantle, Western Australia, 6959, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fremantle Hospital, Fremantle, Western Australia, 6959, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802692842"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055957305","display_name":"James S. McCarthy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6596-9718","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6596-9718"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802692842","display_name":"Fremantle Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03yxgmm62","country_code":"AU","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799506148","https://openalex.org/I2800882159","https://openalex.org/I2802692842","https://openalex.org/I4388446375","https://openalex.org/I4388482742"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Mccarthy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fremantle Hospital, Fremantle, Western Australia, 6959, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fremantle Hospital, Fremantle, Western Australia, 6959, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802692842"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802692842"],"apc_list":{"value":4400,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4400},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.334,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":73,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83749546,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"4","first_page":"464","last_page":"467"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11678","display_name":"Healthcare Decision-Making and Restraints","score":0.9818999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11678","display_name":"Healthcare Decision-Making and Restraints","score":0.9818999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13001","display_name":"Restraint-Related Deaths","score":0.012600000016391277,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2711","display_name":"Emergency Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11095","display_name":"Emergency and Acute Care Studies","score":0.0017999999690800905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2711","display_name":"Emergency Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-restraint","display_name":"patient restraint","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emergency-department","display_name":"emergency department","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemical-restraint","display_name":"chemical restraint","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manual-restraint","display_name":"manual restraint","score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seclusion","display_name":"seclusion","score":0.8489999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/restraint-policy","display_name":"restraint policy","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/restraint-training","display_name":"restraint training","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/haloperidol","display_name":"haloperidol","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/midazolam","display_name":"midazolam","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diazepam","display_name":"diazepam","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emergency-department-violence","display_name":"violence in emergency departments","score":0.5759999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychosis","display_name":"psychosis","score":0.652999997138977}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779443813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3815274","display_name":"Seclusion","level":2,"score":0.7636514902114868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7115023732185364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199521495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181487","display_name":"Audit","level":2,"score":0.6563752293586731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.5655536651611328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56666940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788790","display_name":"Documentation","level":2,"score":0.5450620055198669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780724011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1295316","display_name":"Emergency department","level":2,"score":0.48546651005744934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194828623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2861470","display_name":"Emergency medicine","level":1,"score":0.37193697690963745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.25151485204696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001315","descriptor_name":"Australia","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001523","descriptor_name":"Mental Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002391","descriptor_name":"Catchment Area, Health","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004282","descriptor_name":"Documentation","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004636","descriptor_name":"Emergency Service, Hospital","qualifier_ui":"Q000458","qualifier_name":"organization & administration","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004636","descriptor_name":"Emergency Service, Hospital","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004637","descriptor_name":"Emergency Services, Psychiatric","qualifier_ui":"Q000458","qualifier_name":"organization & administration","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004637","descriptor_name":"Emergency Services, Psychiatric","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006282","descriptor_name":"Health Personnel","qualifier_ui":"Q000193","qualifier_name":"education","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006779","descriptor_name":"Hospitals, Public","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008485","descriptor_name":"Medical Audit","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011795","descriptor_name":"Surveys and Questionnaires","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012149","descriptor_name":"Restraint, Physical","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014150","descriptor_name":"Antipsychotic Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014754","descriptor_name":"Violence","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016134","descriptor_name":"Organizational Policy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1046/j.1440-1614.2001.00925.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1614.2001.00925.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1614.2001.00925.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S179943861","display_name":"Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","issn_l":"0004-8674","issn":["0004-8674","1440-1614"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:11531726","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11531726","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/c42dc500-2435-4bca-be5a-9855ac6b197c","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research-repository.uwa.edu.au/en/publications/c42dc500-2435-4bca-be5a-9855ac6b197c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402492","display_name":"UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I177877127","host_organization_name":"The University of Western Australia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177877127"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Cannon, M E, Sprivulis, P & Mccarthy, J S 2001, 'Restraint practices in Australasian emergency departments', Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, vol. 35, pp. 464-467. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1614.2001.00925.x","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9537000060081482,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W200163730","https://openalex.org/W1989300818","https://openalex.org/W1991118638","https://openalex.org/W2014093548","https://openalex.org/W2053284172","https://openalex.org/W2081340212","https://openalex.org/W2085910094","https://openalex.org/W2095637673","https://openalex.org/W2119926724","https://openalex.org/W2235347773","https://openalex.org/W2264558186","https://openalex.org/W2414341597","https://openalex.org/W4300080973"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2163096001","https://openalex.org/W2007438135","https://openalex.org/W7019370415","https://openalex.org/W2996604420","https://openalex.org/W2189454158","https://openalex.org/W2625892076","https://openalex.org/W2222864225","https://openalex.org/W2248705771","https://openalex.org/W7162294369","https://openalex.org/W2068871006"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"The":[1,48,61,108],"objective":[2],"of":[3,11,27,52,85,95,132,158,175,181,190,198,255],"this":[4],"study":[5],"was":[6,32],"to":[7,34,87,97,144],"estimate":[8],"the":[9,36,93,182,188,242,253],"use":[10,189,197,254],"restraint":[12,16,54,65,91,100,136,150,153,204,215,235],"techniques":[13],"and":[14,18,42,74,92,117,124,192,247],"evaluate":[15],"policies":[17,186],"training":[19,163,228],"in":[20,89,103,130,156,173,208,220,237],"Australasian":[21,29,159,221,238],"emergency":[22,30,105,133,160,211,222,239],"departments":[23,31,106,176,183],"METHOD:":[24],"A":[25,200],"survey":[26],"116":[28],"conducted":[33],"determine":[35],"type,":[37],"indications/contraindications,":[38],"training,":[39],"policies,":[40],"documentation":[41,205,231],"audit":[43,195,233],"requirements":[44],"for":[45,64,168,203],"restraint.":[46,98,199,256],"RESULTS:":[47],"overall":[49],"estimated":[50],"rate":[51],"patient":[53],"is":[55,101,138,154,164,206,216,225],"3.3":[56],"episodes":[57],"per":[58],"1000":[59],"presentations.":[60],"commonest":[62,109],"indications":[63],"are":[66,81,112,128],"violence":[67,70],"or":[68,230,232],"threatened":[69],"(52%),":[71],"psychosis":[72],"(32%)":[73],"acute":[75],"brain":[76],"syndrome":[77],"(10%).":[78],"Major":[79],"contraindications":[80],"medical":[82,248],"instability,":[83],"risk":[84],"harm":[86],"staff":[88],"applying":[90],"availability":[94],"alternatives":[96],"Chemical":[99],"used":[102,111,129,140,155,172,207],"all":[104],"surveyed.":[107,177],"agents":[110],"haloperidol":[113],"(93%),":[114],"midazolam":[115],"(82%)":[116],"diazepam":[118],"(59%).":[119],"At":[120],"least":[121],"one":[122,125,210],"benzodiazepine":[123],"major":[126],"tranquilliser":[127],"97%":[131],"departments.":[134,161,223],"Manual":[135],"(87%)":[137],"frequently":[139],"as":[141],"a":[142,217],"prelude":[143],"chemical":[145,169],"or,":[146],"less":[147],"frequently,":[148],"mechanical":[149],"(69%).":[151],"Seclusion":[152],"23%":[157],"Formal":[162],"most":[165],"commonly":[166],"undertaken":[167],"restraint,":[170,191],"being":[171],"33%":[174],"Less":[178],"than":[179],"half":[180],"have":[184],"written":[185],"guiding":[187],"only":[193,209],"11%":[194],"their":[196],"specific":[201],"form":[202],"department.":[212],"CONCLUSIONS:":[213],"Patient":[214],"common":[218],"procedure":[219],"There":[224],"little":[226],"formal":[227],"in,":[229],"of,":[234],"practices":[236],"departments,":[240],"despite":[241],"important":[243],"clinical,":[244],"occupational":[245],"health":[246],"legal":[249],"issues":[250],"associated":[251],"with":[252]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}