{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2163250907","doi":null,"title":"Modeling of image variability for recognition","display_name":"Modeling of image variability for recognition","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2163250907","mag":"2163250907"},"language":"de","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:publications.rwth-aachen.de:59956","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/record/59956","pdf_url":"http://publications.rwth-aachen.de/record/59956","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401362","display_name":"RWTH Publications (RWTH Aachen)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","host_organization_name":"RWTH Aachen University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Aachen : Publikationsserver der RWTH Aachen University I, 214 S. : Ill., graph. Darst. (2006). doi:10.18154/RWTH-CONV-121694 = Aachen, Techn. Hochsch., Diss., 2006","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://publications.rwth-aachen.de/record/59956","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066294527","display_name":"Daniel Keysers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8765-475X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8765-475X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Keysers","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5066294527"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"119","last_page":"128"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.7240999937057495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.7240999937057495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.12349999696016312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.10809999704360962,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/appearance-based-recognition","display_name":"appearance-based recognition","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normal-distribution","display_name":"normal distribution","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-entropy","display_name":"maximum entropy","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-distortion","display_name":"image distortion","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/np-hardness","display_name":"NP-hardness","score":0.925000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-patches","display_name":"local patches","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-object-categorization","display_name":"visual object categorization","score":0.9269999861717224}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.46546033024787903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.44132474064826965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3817724585533142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.34305259585380554}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:publications.rwth-aachen.de:59956","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/record/59956","pdf_url":"http://publications.rwth-aachen.de/record/59956","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401362","display_name":"RWTH Publications (RWTH Aachen)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","host_organization_name":"RWTH Aachen University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Aachen : Publikationsserver der RWTH Aachen University I, 214 S. : Ill., graph. Darst. (2006). doi:10.18154/RWTH-CONV-121694 = Aachen, Techn. Hochsch., Diss., 2006","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.136.1776","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.136.1776","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www-i6.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/publications/download/152/keysers--2006.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-015434331","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://darwin.bth.rwth-aachen.de/opus/volltexte/2006/1470/index.html","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Hochschulschrift"},{"id":"mag:2163250907","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/gi/diss2006.html#Keysers06","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306503784","display_name":"Ausgezeichnete Informatikdissertationen","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Ausgezeichnete Informatikdissertationen","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:publications.rwth-aachen.de:59956","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/record/59956","pdf_url":"http://publications.rwth-aachen.de/record/59956","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401362","display_name":"RWTH Publications (RWTH Aachen)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","host_organization_name":"RWTH Aachen University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Aachen : Publikationsserver der RWTH Aachen University I, 214 S. : Ill., graph. Darst. (2006). doi:10.18154/RWTH-CONV-121694 = Aachen, Techn. Hochsch., Diss., 2006","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2163250907.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2163250907.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W194359685","https://openalex.org/W854322902","https://openalex.org/W1480865305","https://openalex.org/W1525596811","https://openalex.org/W1574125631","https://openalex.org/W1594981442","https://openalex.org/W1600737329","https://openalex.org/W1829595303","https://openalex.org/W1842272620","https://openalex.org/W1913131897","https://openalex.org/W1949116567","https://openalex.org/W1982976172","https://openalex.org/W2012778485","https://openalex.org/W2031476339","https://openalex.org/W2037090920","https://openalex.org/W2042941801","https://openalex.org/W2049633694","https://openalex.org/W2058841211","https://openalex.org/W2071111253","https://openalex.org/W2084812512","https://openalex.org/W2097184312","https://openalex.org/W2104908641","https://openalex.org/W2106566642","https://openalex.org/W2108444897","https://openalex.org/W2111842831","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2120954940","https://openalex.org/W2121601095","https://openalex.org/W2121647436","https://openalex.org/W2121905425","https://openalex.org/W2123977795","https://openalex.org/W2124087378","https://openalex.org/W2125240890","https://openalex.org/W2130660124","https://openalex.org/W2134383396","https://openalex.org/W2134557905","https://openalex.org/W2135346934","https://openalex.org/W2136126387","https://openalex.org/W2138302913","https://openalex.org/W2138745909","https://openalex.org/W2141041441","https://openalex.org/W2147800946","https://openalex.org/W2151252399","https://openalex.org/W2155001538","https://openalex.org/W2156163116","https://openalex.org/W2156909104","https://openalex.org/W2159498975","https://openalex.org/W2159737176","https://openalex.org/W2162383514","https://openalex.org/W2167025280","https://openalex.org/W2542439961"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6887947889","https://openalex.org/W2135833910","https://openalex.org/W7100785978","https://openalex.org/W1491632286","https://openalex.org/W4256622492","https://openalex.org/W2285484166","https://openalex.org/W2151247218","https://openalex.org/W1949678550","https://openalex.org/W2464688198","https://openalex.org/W107805636"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,36],"thesis":[1],"presents":[2],"the":[3,16,31,46,49,53,59,64,68,94,99,103,109,113,116,120,126,154,163,182,221,246,253,256,259,265,272,284],"application":[4],"of":[5,8,18,25,33,87,115,128,158,165,184,208,214,223,243,267,275],"different":[6],"models":[7,24,79,157,266],"image":[9,105,177,229,268],"variability":[10,26,178,269],"to":[11,30,39,44,58,66,125,136,144,188,203,220],"visual":[12,169,206],"recognition":[13,226,273,281],"problems":[14],"using":[15,153],"paradigm":[17],"appearance-based":[19,276],"recognition.We":[20],"first":[21,110],"discuss":[22,162],"linear":[23,72],"and":[27,62,91,179,227,250,279],"relate":[28,52],"them":[29],"use":[32,40,63,164,183],"Gaussian":[34,60],"distributions.":[35],"allows":[37,201],"us":[38,202],"well-understood":[41],"estimation":[42],"methods":[43,216],"determine":[45,204],"vectors":[47],"representing":[48],"variability.We":[50],"also":[51,270],"discriminative":[54,185],"maximum":[55,70],"entropy":[56,71],"approach":[57],"case":[61],"relationship":[65],"derive":[67],"novel":[69],"discriminant":[73],"analysis.Secondly,":[74],"we":[75,192,238],"investigate":[76],"discrete":[77],"deformation":[78],"\u2013":[80,86],"that":[81,112,132,200,264],"map":[82],"pixels":[83,85],"onto":[84],"order":[88,95,122],"zero,":[89],"one,":[90],"two,":[92],"where":[93],"is":[96,134,150],"determined":[97],"by":[98],"constraints":[100],"imposed":[101],"on":[102,245,252],"two-dimensional":[104],"distortion.We":[106],"prove":[107],"for":[108,119,141,168,196],"time":[111],"determination":[114],"best":[117],"match":[118],"second":[121],"model":[123,174,195],"belongs":[124],"class":[127],"NP-hard":[129],"problems.We":[130],"show":[131,180,263],"it":[133],"important":[135],"include":[137],"a":[138,173,194,205,212],"suitable":[139],"context":[140],"each":[142],"pixel":[143],"achieve":[145,239],"low":[146],"error":[147,241],"rates,":[148],"which":[149],"then":[151],"possible":[152],"less":[155],"complex":[156],"lower":[159],"order.We":[160],"furthermore":[161],"local":[166],"patches":[167],"object":[170],"categorization":[171],"as":[172],"allowing":[175],"high":[176],"how":[181],"training":[186],"leads":[187],"very":[189],"competitive":[190],"results.Finally,":[191],"describe":[193],"holistic":[197],"scene":[198],"analysis":[199],"representation":[207],"objects":[209],"present":[210],"in":[211,234],"set":[213],"images.The":[215],"are":[217],"primarily":[218],"applied":[219],"tasks":[222],"handwritten":[224],"character":[225],"medical":[228],"categorization,":[230],"yielding":[231],"excellent":[232],"results":[233],"both":[235],"cases.In":[236],"particular,":[237],"an":[240],"rate":[242],"0.52%":[244],"well-known":[247],"MNIST":[248],"benchmark":[249],"12.6%":[251],"IRMA-10,000":[254],"database,":[255],"lowest":[257],"within":[258],"2005":[260],"ImageCLEF":[261],"evaluation.We":[262],"improve":[271],"performance":[274],"sign":[277],"language":[278],"gesture":[280],"systems.This":[282],"emphasizes":[283],"models'":[285],"broad":[286],"applicability.":[287]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}