{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2163219935","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.a2997","title":"Predicting Breakdown of the Blood-Brain Barrier in Multiple Sclerosis without Contrast Agents","display_name":"Predicting Breakdown of the Blood-Brain Barrier in Multiple Sclerosis without Contrast Agents","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-03-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2163219935","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.a2997","mag":"2163219935","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22442041","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3555688"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3174/ajnr.a2997","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.a2997","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.a2997","pdf_url":"http://www.ajnr.org/content/ajnr/33/8/1586.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101278519","display_name":"American Journal of Neuroradiology","issn_l":"0195-6108","issn":["0195-6108","1936-959X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316165","host_organization_name":"American Society of Neuroradiology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316165"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society of Neuroradiology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Neuroradiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"http://www.ajnr.org/content/ajnr/33/8/1586.full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037974362","display_name":"Russell Taki Shinohara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8627-8203","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8627-8203"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110767","display_name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","ror":"https://ror.org/01s5ya894","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210110767"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R.T. Shinohara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. taki.shinohara@gmail.com","aFrom the Departments of Biostatistics (R.T.S., J.G., C.C., D.S.R.)","cNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R.T.S., D.S.R.), Bethesda, Maryland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. taki.shinohara@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"aFrom the Departments of Biostatistics (R.T.S., J.G., C.C., D.S.R.)","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"cNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R.T.S., D.S.R.), Bethesda, Maryland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110767"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025850795","display_name":"Jeff Goldsmith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6150-8997","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6150-8997"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Goldsmith","raw_affiliation_strings":["aFrom the Departments of Biostatistics (R.T.S., J.G., C.C., D.S.R.)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"aFrom the Departments of Biostatistics (R.T.S., J.G., C.C., D.S.R.)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062928592","display_name":"Farrah Jasmine Mateen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4293-8115","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4293-8115"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F.J. Mateen","raw_affiliation_strings":["bNeurology (F.J.M.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"bNeurology (F.J.M.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008586077","display_name":"Ciprian Crainiceanu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Crainiceanu","raw_affiliation_strings":["aFrom the Departments of Biostatistics (R.T.S., J.G., C.C., D.S.R.)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"aFrom the Departments of Biostatistics (R.T.S., J.G., C.C., D.S.R.)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111655909","display_name":"D. S. Reich","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110767","display_name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","ror":"https://ror.org/01s5ya894","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210110767"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D.S. Reich","raw_affiliation_strings":["aFrom the Departments of Biostatistics (R.T.S., J.G., C.C., D.S.R.)","cNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R.T.S., D.S.R.), Bethesda, Maryland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"aFrom the Departments of Biostatistics (R.T.S., J.G., C.C., D.S.R.)","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"cNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R.T.S., D.S.R.), Bethesda, Maryland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110767"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8418,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85309636,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"8","first_page":"1586","last_page":"1590"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10137","display_name":"Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10137","display_name":"Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10378","display_name":"Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications","score":0.002400000113993883,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11304","display_name":"Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiple-sclerosis","display_name":"multiple sclerosis","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-brain-barrier-disruption","display_name":"blood-brain barrier disruption","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrast-free-mri","display_name":"contrast-free MRI","score":0.5619999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white-matter-lesions","display_name":"white matter lesions","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/t1-weighted-mri","display_name":"T1-weighted imaging","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/t2-weighted-imaging","display_name":"T2-weighted imaging","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flair","display_name":"FLAIR","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lesion-enhancement","display_name":"lesion enhancement","score":0.5450000166893005}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8480125069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780640218","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8277","display_name":"Multiple sclerosis","level":2,"score":0.7981830835342407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781192897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q822050","display_name":"White matter","level":3,"score":0.6980718374252319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101070640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3737215","display_name":"Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery","level":3,"score":0.693169355392456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54170458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q663554","display_name":"Voxel","level":2,"score":0.6703857779502869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.660398006439209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143409427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161238","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","level":2,"score":0.5545076727867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018181011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6849688","display_name":"Contrast enhancement","level":3,"score":0.5406597852706909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557651011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1832","display_name":"Gadolinium","level":2,"score":0.49848222732543945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778402981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221694","display_name":"Blood\u2013brain barrier","level":3,"score":0.43483179807662964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58693492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q551875","display_name":"Neuroimaging","level":2,"score":0.4228998124599457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214963","display_name":"Nuclear medicine","level":1,"score":0.41851308941841125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.37762629985809326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.35585272312164307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529278444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47273","display_name":"Central nervous system","level":2,"score":0.25188612937927246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.18164679408073425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001812","descriptor_name":"Blood-Brain Barrier","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003287","descriptor_name":"Contrast Media","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005188","descriptor_name":"False Negative Reactions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005189","descriptor_name":"False Positive Reactions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007089","descriptor_name":"Image Enhancement","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012372","descriptor_name":"ROC Curve","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015233","descriptor_name":"Models, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019786","descriptor_name":"Gadolinium DTPA","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020529","descriptor_name":"Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020529","descriptor_name":"Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3174/ajnr.a2997","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.a2997","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.a2997","pdf_url":"http://www.ajnr.org/content/ajnr/33/8/1586.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101278519","display_name":"American Journal of Neuroradiology","issn_l":"0195-6108","issn":["0195-6108","1936-959X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316165","host_organization_name":"American Society of Neuroradiology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316165"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society of Neuroradiology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Neuroradiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2748241","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3555688","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3555688","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3555688","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:22442041","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22442041","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3174/ajnr.a2997","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.a2997","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.a2997","pdf_url":"http://www.ajnr.org/content/ajnr/33/8/1586.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101278519","display_name":"American Journal of Neuroradiology","issn_l":"0195-6108","issn":["0195-6108","1936-959X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316165","host_organization_name":"American Society of Neuroradiology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316165"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society of Neuroradiology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Neuroradiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9789000153541565,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5587026783","display_name":"Pre- and Post-doctoral Training in Environmental Biostatistics","funder_award_id":"T32ES012871","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337361","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000891644","display_name":"Epidemiology and Biostatistics of Aging","funder_award_id":"T32AG000247","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337337","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Aging"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000915968","display_name":"Statistical Methods for Multilevel Multivariate Functional Studies","funder_award_id":"R01NS060910","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337359","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337337","display_name":"National Institute on Aging","ror":"https://ror.org/049v75w11"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337359","display_name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","ror":"https://ror.org/01s5ya894"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337361","display_name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2163219935.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2163219935.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973143017","https://openalex.org/W1987057401","https://openalex.org/W2002220048","https://openalex.org/W2005473048","https://openalex.org/W2012365353","https://openalex.org/W2048465934","https://openalex.org/W2116544624","https://openalex.org/W2116878814","https://openalex.org/W2122545833","https://openalex.org/W2137077530","https://openalex.org/W2150765327","https://openalex.org/W2157600930","https://openalex.org/W2157848968","https://openalex.org/W2949537047"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7099164217","https://openalex.org/W2024561693","https://openalex.org/W3208738502","https://openalex.org/W2891015006","https://openalex.org/W2032997306","https://openalex.org/W3158302680","https://openalex.org/W4386693097","https://openalex.org/W4244749884","https://openalex.org/W136901014","https://openalex.org/W2071415177"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND":[0],"AND":[1,79],"PURPOSE:":[2],"Disruption":[3],"of":[4,14,24,63,74,107,123,146,162,172,198],"the":[5,12,22,50,72,119,128,152,173,183],"BBB":[6,51,174],"in":[7,53,127,175,201],"MS":[8,177],"is":[9,28],"associated":[10],"with":[11,38,143,159],"development":[13],"new":[15],"lesions":[16,56,178],"and":[17,20,44,67,95,99],"clinical":[18],"relapses":[19],"signifies":[21],"presence":[23,120],"active":[25],"inflammation.":[26],"It":[27],"most":[29],"commonly":[30],"detected":[31],"as":[32],"enhancement":[33,103,125,135,155],"on":[34,65,88,195],"MR":[35,85,188],"imaging":[36,86,189],"performed":[37],"contrast":[39,76,190,205],"agents":[40],"that":[41,91],"are":[42,207],"costly":[43],"occasionally":[45],"toxic.":[46],"We":[47,81,111],"investigated":[48],"whether":[49],"status":[52],"white":[54],"matter":[55],"may":[57,179,211],"be":[58,137,157,180,213],"indirectly":[59],"ascertained":[60],"via":[61],"examination":[62],"features":[64],"T1-":[66],"T2-weighted":[68,96],"images":[69,98],"obtained":[70],"before":[71],"injection":[73,106],"a":[75,108,132],"agent.":[77,191],"MATERIALS":[78],"METHODS:":[80],"considered":[82],"93":[83],"brain":[84],"studies":[87,206],"16":[89],"patients":[90],"included":[92],"T1-,":[93],"T2-,":[94],"FLAIR":[97],"predicted":[100,138,158],"voxel":[101],"wise":[102],"after":[104],"intravenous":[105],"gadolinium":[109],"chelate.":[110],"then":[112],"used":[113],"these":[114],"voxel-level":[115],"predictions":[116],"to":[117,185],"determine":[118],"or":[121],"absence":[122],"abnormal":[124],"anywhere":[126],"brain.":[129],"RESULTS:":[130],"On":[131],"voxel-by-voxel":[133],"basis,":[134],"can":[136,156],"by":[139],"using":[140],"contrast-free":[141],"measures":[142],"an":[144,160,187],"AUC":[145,161],"0.83":[147],"(95%":[148,164],"CI,":[149,165],"0.80-0.87).":[150],"At":[151],"whole-brain":[153],"level,":[154],"0.72":[163],"0.62-0.82).":[166],"CONCLUSIONS:":[167],"In":[168],"many":[169],"cases,":[170],"breakdown":[171],"acute":[176,202],"inferred":[181],"without":[182],"need":[184],"inject":[186],"The":[192],"inference":[193],"relies":[194],"intrinsic":[196],"properties":[197],"tissue":[199],"damage":[200],"lesions.":[203],"Although":[204],"more":[208],"accurate,":[209],"they":[210],"sometimes":[212],"unnecessary.":[214]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
