{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2162989679","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1118/1.597192","title":"The spectral dependence of electron central\u2010axis depth\u2010dose curves","display_name":"The spectral dependence of electron central\u2010axis depth\u2010dose curves","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2162989679","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1118/1.597192","mag":"2162989679","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7838046"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1118/1.597192","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1118/1.597192","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1118/1.597192","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95522064","display_name":"Medical Physics","issn_l":"0094-2405","issn":["0094-2405","1522-8541","2473-4209"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026159944","display_name":"Joseph O. Deasy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9437-266X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9437-266X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142740786","display_name":"University of Louisville","ror":"https://ror.org/01ckdn478","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. O. Deasy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, Kentucky 40202","Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, Louisville, Kentucky 40202"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, Kentucky 40202","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, Louisville, Kentucky 40202","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108370349","display_name":"Peter R. Almond","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4637-9682","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4637-9682"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142740786","display_name":"University of Louisville","ror":"https://ror.org/01ckdn478","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. R. Almond","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, Louisville, Kentucky 40202"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, Louisville, Kentucky 40202","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110320784","display_name":"M. T. McEllistrem","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2099-8253","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2099-8253"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143302722","display_name":"University of Kentucky","ror":"https://ror.org/02k3smh20","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. T. McEllistrem","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3360,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3360},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5017,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65911614,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"9","first_page":"1369","last_page":"1376"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10358","display_name":"Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10358","display_name":"Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11176","display_name":"Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry","score":0.0019000000320374966,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10844","display_name":"Radiation Dose and Imaging","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depth-dose-curves","display_name":"depth dose curves","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electron-energy-spectrum","display_name":"electron energy spectrum","score":0.503000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-spread","display_name":"energy spread","score":0.6800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scattered-electrons","display_name":"scattered electrons","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam-quality","display_name":"beam quality","score":0.40700000524520874}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.8285089731216431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.6562973856925964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75088862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2291081","display_name":"Dosimetry","level":2,"score":0.6455209255218506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.5946735143661499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90774946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q600711","display_name":"Percentage depth dose curve","level":5,"score":0.5940400958061218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30475298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909554","display_name":"Computational physics","level":1,"score":0.5895723700523376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147120987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2225","display_name":"Electron","level":2,"score":0.5710477232933044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4839761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212111","display_name":"Spectral line","level":2,"score":0.5529058575630188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5246408581733704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.47090578079223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180048950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q836828","display_name":"Linear particle accelerator","level":3,"score":0.4320743978023529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168834538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3705329","display_name":"Beam (structure)","level":2,"score":0.355076402425766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184779094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26383","display_name":"Atomic physics","level":1,"score":0.3514488935470581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.2569013237953186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214963","display_name":"Nuclear medicine","level":1,"score":0.18532174825668335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185544564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197","display_name":"Nuclear physics","level":1,"score":0.1742272973060608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151770136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q640610","display_name":"Ionization chamber","level":4,"score":0.10175654292106628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09604591131210327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.07744771242141724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145148216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36496","display_name":"Ion","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198291218","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190382","display_name":"Ionization","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004583","descriptor_name":"Electrons","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008280","descriptor_name":"Magnetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008962","descriptor_name":"Models, Theoretical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009010","descriptor_name":"Monte Carlo Method","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010315","descriptor_name":"Particle Accelerators","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011879","descriptor_name":"Radiotherapy Dosage","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1118/1.597192","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1118/1.597192","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1118/1.597192","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95522064","display_name":"Medical Physics","issn_l":"0094-2405","issn":["0094-2405","1522-8541","2473-4209"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:7838046","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7838046","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical physics","raw_type":"Comparative Study"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2083193075","https://openalex.org/W2050657790","https://openalex.org/W3199750552","https://openalex.org/W2091894159","https://openalex.org/W2073703741","https://openalex.org/W2007095729","https://openalex.org/W3205345495","https://openalex.org/W2799953199","https://openalex.org/W2748587115","https://openalex.org/W2047281495"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Electron":[0],"linac":[1,39,173],"fields":[2],"are":[3,43,112],"usually":[4],"characterized":[5],"by":[6,115,122],"the":[7,15,33,37,56,60,65,76,84,93,98,149,152,157,160,192,201,204],"central-axis":[8,205],"practical":[9],"range":[10,34],"in":[11,92],"water,":[12],"Rp,":[13],"and":[14,26,36,83,110],"depth":[16],"of":[17,59,95,135,148,151,159,203],"half":[18,182],"maximum":[19],"dose,":[20],"R50,":[21],"for":[22],"dosimetry,":[23],"quality":[24],"assurance,":[25],"treatment":[27],"planning.":[28],"The":[29,46,88,133,146],"quantitative":[30],"relations":[31],"between":[32,79],"parameters":[35],"intrinsic":[38,153],"beam's":[40],"energy":[41,58,138,154,174,177,193],"structure":[42],"critically":[44],"reviewed.":[45],"spectral":[47,62,81],"quantity":[48],"<E0>*":[49,105],"is":[50,53,72,120,143,163],"introduced":[51],"which":[52],"defined":[54],"as":[55,184,186],"mean":[57,67],"incident":[61,131],"peak,":[63],"termed":[64],"\"peak":[66],"energy.\"":[68],"An":[69],"analytical":[70,118],"model":[71,89],"constructed":[73],"to":[74],"demonstrate":[75],"predicted":[77],"relation":[78],"polyenergetic":[80],"shapes":[82],"resulting":[85],"depth-dose":[86,161,168,206],"curves.":[87],"shows":[90],"that,":[91],"absence":[94],"electrons":[96,142],"at":[97,181],"patient":[99],"plane":[100],"with":[101],"energies":[102],"outside":[103],"about":[104],"+/-":[106],"0.1":[107],"<E0>*,":[108],"Rp":[109],"R50":[111],"both":[113],"determined":[114],"<E0>*.":[116],"This":[117],"approximation":[119],"confirmed":[121],"a":[123,197],"Monte":[124,166],"Carlo":[125,167],"calculation":[126],"comparing":[127],"two":[128],"different":[129],"idealized":[130],"spectra.":[132],"effect":[134,147,199],"contaminant":[136],"lower":[137],"or":[139],"wide-angle":[140],"scattered":[141],"also":[144],"discussed.":[145],"width":[150,180],"spread":[155,194],"on":[156,171,200],"shape":[158,202],"curve":[162],"investigated":[164],"using":[165],"simulations":[169,189],"based":[170],"measured":[172],"spectra":[175],"having":[176],"spreads":[178],"(full":[179],"maximum)":[183],"large":[185],"20%.":[187],"These":[188],"show":[190],"that":[191],"has":[195],"only":[196],"small":[198],"curve.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
