{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2162966166","doi":null,"title":"Evaluation of CSF leaks: high-resolution CT compared with contrast-enhanced CT and radionuclide cisternography.","display_name":"Evaluation of CSF leaks: high-resolution CT compared with contrast-enhanced CT and radionuclide cisternography.","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2162966166","mag":"2162966166","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10319986","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7056020"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7056020","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7056020","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","raw_type":"Text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7056020","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"J A Stone","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J A Stone","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101804107","display_name":"Maur\u00edcio Castillo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2960-1064","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2960-1064"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M Castillo","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Carolina"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018886198","display_name":"Brian Neelon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8929-6033","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8929-6033"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B Neelon","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Carolina"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028900095","display_name":"Suresh Kumar Mukherji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6472-0248","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6472-0248"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S K Mukherji","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Carolina"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.1567,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":220,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91699408,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"4","first_page":"706","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11669","display_name":"Head and Neck Surgical Oncology","score":0.7074999809265137,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11669","display_name":"Head and Neck Surgical Oncology","score":0.7074999809265137,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12622","display_name":"Neurosurgical Procedures and Complications","score":0.25440001487731934,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11812","display_name":"Nasal Surgery and Airway Studies","score":0.003000000026077032,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cerebrospinal-fluid-leak","display_name":"cerebrospinal fluid leak","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cerebrospinal-fluid-rhinorrhea","display_name":"cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/csf-otorrhea","display_name":"CSF otorrhea","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-resolution-computed-tomography","display_name":"high-resolution computed tomography","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ct-cisternography","display_name":"CT cisternography","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radionuclide-cisternography","display_name":"radionuclide cisternography","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-defects","display_name":"bone defects","score":0.5799999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temporal-bone-imaging","display_name":"temporal bone imaging","score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagnostic-accuracy","display_name":"diagnostic accuracy","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploratory-surgery","display_name":"surgical exploration","score":0.38999998569488525}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8967035412788391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779699568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1115038","display_name":"rhinorrhea","level":2,"score":0.6798295974731445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349983","display_name":"Leak","level":2,"score":0.6289225816726685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214963","display_name":"Nuclear medicine","level":1,"score":0.5949098467826843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.5374010801315308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779651940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54196","display_name":"Cerebrospinal fluid","level":2,"score":0.5044792890548706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.153611421585083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.09262922406196594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002558","descriptor_name":"Cerebrospinal Fluid Otorrhea","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002558","descriptor_name":"Cerebrospinal Fluid Otorrhea","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002559","descriptor_name":"Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002559","descriptor_name":"Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002946","descriptor_name":"Cisterna Magna","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003287","descriptor_name":"Contrast Media","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005004","descriptor_name":"Ethmoid Bone","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005147","descriptor_name":"Facial Bones","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005500","descriptor_name":"Follow-Up Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007430","descriptor_name":"Intraoperative Care","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011877","descriptor_name":"Radionuclide Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012658","descriptor_name":"Sella Turcica","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013100","descriptor_name":"Sphenoid Bone","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013129","descriptor_name":"Spinal Puncture","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013701","descriptor_name":"Temporal Bone","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014057","descriptor_name":"Tomography, X-Ray Computed","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015642","descriptor_name":"Radiology, Interventional","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019793","descriptor_name":"Fluorescein","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7056020","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7056020","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:10319986","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10319986","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology","raw_type":"Comparative Study"},{"id":"mag:2162966166","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10319986","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7056020","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7056020","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.98580002784729,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.44999998807907104,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W51998621","https://openalex.org/W150566327","https://openalex.org/W1984280600","https://openalex.org/W1986318551","https://openalex.org/W2006910543","https://openalex.org/W2035613369","https://openalex.org/W2037716392","https://openalex.org/W2040010741","https://openalex.org/W2065662460","https://openalex.org/W2071280285","https://openalex.org/W2085468526","https://openalex.org/W2098625136","https://openalex.org/W2146187485","https://openalex.org/W2148638198","https://openalex.org/W2185516114","https://openalex.org/W2186998063","https://openalex.org/W2214288653","https://openalex.org/W2411933520","https://openalex.org/W2415816524"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7096946326","https://openalex.org/W4294733061","https://openalex.org/W3196165116","https://openalex.org/W2071280285","https://openalex.org/W2267509957","https://openalex.org/W2146187485","https://openalex.org/W4388675714","https://openalex.org/W2563080181","https://openalex.org/W2290006169","https://openalex.org/W4229001327"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND":[0],"AND":[1],"PURPOSE:":[2],"Radiologic":[3],"evaluation":[4],"of":[5,29,40,65,87,106,129,158,173,223,234,253],"CSF":[6,41,72,134,148,159,210,238],"leaks":[7],"is":[8],"a":[9,75,220,230,254,277],"diagnostic":[10],"challenge":[11],"that":[12],"often":[13],"involves":[14],"multiple":[15,284],"imaging":[16,60],"studies":[17,61,109],"with":[18,48,80,114,133,165,193,209,219,237,283],"the":[19,27,36,59,88,107,115,162,181,194,235],"associated":[20],"expense":[21],"and":[22,38,43,45,52,62,93,98,112,139,188,216,261],"patient":[23],"discomfort.":[24],"We":[25,56],"evaluated":[26,70],"use":[28],"screening":[30],"noncontrast":[31],"high-resolution":[32,85,198,227,257,272],"CT":[33,50,86,96,123,140,178,199,204,217,228,244,259,273],"in":[34,118,127,200,232,269],"identifying":[35],"presence":[37],"site":[39],"rhinorrhea":[42,81],"otorrhea":[44,83],"compared":[46,111],"it":[47],"contrast-enhanced":[49],"cisternography":[51,97,100,138,141,176,215,242,245,260,263],"radionuclide":[53,99,137,175,214,241,262],"cisternography.":[54,179],"METHODS:":[55],"retrospectively":[57],"reviewed":[58],"medical":[63],"records":[64],"all":[66,201],"patients":[67,79,131,152,164,183,208,236,268,282],"who":[68,154,184],"were":[69,110],"for":[71,150,267,281],"leak":[73,149,211],"during":[74],"7-year":[76],"period.":[77],"Forty-two":[78],"and/or":[82,177],"underwent":[84,185],"face":[89],"or":[90,147,243,280,286],"temporal":[91],"bone":[92,125,145,166,278],"then":[94],"had":[95,155,170],"via":[101],"lumbar":[102],"puncture.":[103],"The":[104],"results":[105,172,249],"three":[108],"correlated":[113,192],"surgical":[116,186],"findings":[117,191],"21":[119,182],"patients.":[120],"RESULTS:":[121],"High-resolution":[122,203],"showed":[124,229],"defects":[126,146,195],"30":[128,163],"42":[130],"(71%)":[132],"leak.":[135,160,239],"High-resolution,":[136],"did":[142,213],"not":[143,275],"show":[144],"12":[151],"(29%)":[153],"clinical":[156],"evidence":[157],"Among":[161],"defects,":[167],"20":[168],"(66%)":[169],"positive":[171,248],"their":[174],"For":[180],"exploration":[187],"repair,":[189],"intraoperative":[190],"revealed":[196],"by":[197],"cases.":[202],"identified":[205],"significantly":[206],"more":[207],"than":[212],"cisternography,":[218],"moderate":[221],"degree":[222],"agreement.":[224],"CONCLUSION:":[225],"Noncontrast":[226],"defect":[231,255,279],"70%":[233],"No":[240],"study":[246],"produced":[247],"without":[250],"previous":[251],"visualization":[252],"on":[256],"CT.":[258],"may":[264],"be":[265],"reserved":[266],"whom":[270],"initial":[271],"does":[274],"identify":[276],"fractures":[285],"postoperative":[287],"defects.":[288]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":13}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
