{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2162811115","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njbas.v21i2.1","title":"Effects of Weed Control and Cow Dung Manure on Growth Performance of Quality Protein Maize in Samaru, Zaria, Nigeria","display_name":"Effects of Weed Control and Cow Dung Manure on Growth Performance of Quality Protein Maize in Samaru, Zaria, Nigeria","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2162811115","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njbas.v21i2.1","mag":"2162811115"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4314/njbas.v21i2.1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njbas.v21i2.1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njbas.v21i2.1","pdf_url":"https://www.ajol.info/index.php/njbas/article/download/91525/81003","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387997861","display_name":"Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","issn_l":"0331-8753","issn":["0331-8753","0794-5698","2756-4843"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321518","host_organization_name":"African Journals OnLine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Journals OnLine"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.ajol.info/index.php/njbas/article/download/91525/81003","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111708335","display_name":"Musa A. Mahadi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12789410","display_name":"Ahmadu Bello University","ror":"https://ror.org/019apvn83","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12789410"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405266761","display_name":"Institute for Agricultural Research","ror":"https://ror.org/05chnt267","country_code":"NG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405266761"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"MA Mahadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Institute for Agricultural Research, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria ["],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Institute for Agricultural Research, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria [","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12789410","https://openalex.org/I4405266761"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052978704","display_name":"S. A. Dadari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2566-807X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2566-807X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12789410","display_name":"Ahmadu Bello University","ror":"https://ror.org/019apvn83","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12789410"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405266761","display_name":"Institute for Agricultural Research","ror":"https://ror.org/05chnt267","country_code":"NG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405266761"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"SA Dadari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Institute for Agricultural Research, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria ["],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Institute for Agricultural Research, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria [","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12789410","https://openalex.org/I4405266761"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071502372","display_name":"B. Tanimu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12789410","display_name":"Ahmadu Bello University","ror":"https://ror.org/019apvn83","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12789410"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405266761","display_name":"Institute for Agricultural Research","ror":"https://ror.org/05chnt267","country_code":"NG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405266761"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B Tanimu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Institute for Agricultural Research, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria ["],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Institute for Agricultural Research, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria [","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12789410","https://openalex.org/I4405266761"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051054729","display_name":"N. C. Kuchinda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8802-7862","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8802-7862"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12789410","display_name":"Ahmadu Bello University","ror":"https://ror.org/019apvn83","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12789410"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405266761","display_name":"Institute for Agricultural Research","ror":"https://ror.org/05chnt267","country_code":"NG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405266761"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"NC Kuchinda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Institute for Agricultural Research, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria ["],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Institute for Agricultural Research, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria [","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12789410","https://openalex.org/I4405266761"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103512202","display_name":"AI Sharifai","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12789410","display_name":"Ahmadu Bello University","ror":"https://ror.org/019apvn83","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12789410"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405266761","display_name":"Institute for Agricultural Research","ror":"https://ror.org/05chnt267","country_code":"NG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405266761"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"AI Sharifai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Institute for Agricultural Research, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria ["],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Institute for Agricultural Research, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria [","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12789410","https://openalex.org/I4405266761"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005879585","display_name":"M. S. Bature","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12789410","display_name":"Ahmadu Bello University","ror":"https://ror.org/019apvn83","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12789410"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405266761","display_name":"Institute for Agricultural Research","ror":"https://ror.org/05chnt267","country_code":"NG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405266761"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"MS Bature","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Institute for Agricultural Research, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria ["],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Institute for Agricultural Research, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria [","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12789410","https://openalex.org/I4405266761"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111708335"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12789410","https://openalex.org/I4405266761"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3745,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63492945,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"2","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10774","display_name":"Weed Control and Herbicide Applications","score":0.9794999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10774","display_name":"Weed Control and Herbicide Applications","score":0.9794999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12294","display_name":"Agricultural Science and Fertilization","score":0.015399999916553497,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12058","display_name":"Allelopathy and phytotoxic interactions","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cattle-manure","display_name":"cattle manure","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-protein-maize","display_name":"quality protein maize","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atrazine","display_name":"atrazine","score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metolachlor","display_name":"metolachlor","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acetochlor","display_name":"acetochlor","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terbuthylazine","display_name":"terbuthylazine","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hoe-weeding","display_name":"hoe weeding","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crop-growth-rate","display_name":"crop growth rate","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relative-growth-rate","display_name":"relative growth rate","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leaf-area-index","display_name":"leaf area index","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harvest-index","display_name":"harvest index","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lodging","display_name":"lodging","score":0.6010000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dry-matter-accumulation","display_name":"dry matter accumulation","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/npk-fertilizer","display_name":"NPK fertilizer","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/northern-guinea-savanna","display_name":"northern Guinea savanna","score":0.6100000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weed-competition","display_name":"weed competition","score":0.32499998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/herbicide-mixtures","display_name":"herbicide mixtures","score":0.4830000102519989}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779595939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408652","display_name":"Atrazine","level":3,"score":0.8113654851913452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779543999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q419732","display_name":"Acetochlor","level":3,"score":0.7650583982467651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777203505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411435","display_name":"Terbuthylazine","level":4,"score":0.6518380641937256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2341566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910759","display_name":"Cow dung","level":3,"score":0.6184910535812378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778787149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q409598","display_name":"Metolachlor","level":4,"score":0.5830042362213135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168741863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q777671","display_name":"Sowing","level":2,"score":0.545628547668457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147273371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2739141","display_name":"Weed control","level":2,"score":0.5309137105941772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38304854","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185716","display_name":"Manure","level":2,"score":0.5080194473266602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140793950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091","display_name":"Animal science","level":1,"score":0.4982931613922119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.4971971809864044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.40179508924484253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780560099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83323","display_name":"Fertilizer","level":2,"score":0.3850392699241638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161176658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131656","display_name":"Pesticide","level":2,"score":0.10361096262931824}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4314/njbas.v21i2.1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njbas.v21i2.1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njbas.v21i2.1","pdf_url":"https://www.ajol.info/index.php/njbas/article/download/91525/81003","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387997861","display_name":"Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","issn_l":"0331-8753","issn":["0331-8753","0794-5698","2756-4843"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321518","host_organization_name":"African Journals OnLine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Journals OnLine"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4314/njbas.v21i2.1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njbas.v21i2.1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njbas.v21i2.1","pdf_url":"https://www.ajol.info/index.php/njbas/article/download/91525/81003","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387997861","display_name":"Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","issn_l":"0331-8753","issn":["0331-8753","0794-5698","2756-4843"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321518","host_organization_name":"African Journals OnLine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Journals OnLine"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":1.0,"display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2162811115.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2162811115.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1983995280","https://openalex.org/W2071405041","https://openalex.org/W2092713296","https://openalex.org/W2186017319","https://openalex.org/W2801689092","https://openalex.org/W3112895603","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7100024745","https://openalex.org/W4385607920","https://openalex.org/W4413217996","https://openalex.org/W2513621418","https://openalex.org/W1460109427","https://openalex.org/W2599727538","https://openalex.org/W3082516015","https://openalex.org/W3083145760","https://openalex.org/W2612694239","https://openalex.org/W3135551610"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Field":[0],"trials":[1],"were":[2,135],"conducted":[3],"during":[4],"the":[5,13,20,29,123,147,159,190,213,236,250,257,269,273,283],"2006,":[6],"2007":[7],"and":[8,34,81,87,94,99,113,115,130,158,169,176,197,249,293],"2008":[9],"rainy":[10],"seasons":[11],"at":[12,65,73,79,85,92,109,122,155,184,207,227,247,289,297],"Institute":[14],"for":[15,172,193,239,260],"Agricultural":[16],"Research":[17],"Samaru,":[18],"in":[19,138],"Northern":[21],"guinea":[22],"savanna":[23],"zone":[24],"of":[25,31,41,48,51,59,68,76,125,151,201,243,275,285,301],"Nigeria":[26],"to":[27],"evaluate":[28],"effects":[30],"weed":[32,53],"control":[33,54,267],"cow":[35,105,244,294],"dung":[36,106,245,295,309],"manure":[37,107,246,296],"treatments":[38,55,134],"on":[39,272],"growth":[40,178,220,300],"Quality":[42,302,313],"Protein":[43,303],"Maize.":[44],"The":[45,133,217,231],"trial":[46],"consisted":[47],"factorial":[49],"combinations":[50],"eight":[52],"which":[56],"include":[57],"application":[58,150,284],"(Atrazine":[60],"+":[61,63,71,153,182,203,205,225,287],"Acetochlor":[62,204],"Terbuthylazine":[64,206],"a":[66,74,100,116,139],"ratio":[67,75],"1:1:1,":[69],"Atrazine":[70,84,152,181,202,224,286],"Metolachlor":[72,154,183,226,288],"1:2":[77],"each":[78],"3.0":[80],"4.0kg":[82,156,185,208],"a.i/ha,":[83,89],"4.0":[86,290],"5.0kg":[88],"Hoe":[90],"weeding":[91],"3":[93],"6":[95],"weeks":[96],"after":[97],"sowing":[98],"weedy":[101,232],"check)":[102],"with":[103,143],"four":[104],"levels":[108],"(0,":[110],"4,":[111],"8":[112],"12t/ha":[114,248,298],"recommended":[117],"NPK":[118,251],"mineral":[119,252],"fertilizer":[120,253,266],"check":[121,233,254],"rate":[124,221],"120kg":[126],"N,":[127],"26kg":[128],"P":[129],"50kg":[131],"K/ha).":[132],"laid":[136],"out":[137],"split":[140],"plot":[141],"design":[142],"three":[144],"replicates.":[145],"In":[146],"mean":[148],"data,":[149],"a.i/ha":[157,186,209,229,292],"two":[160],"hoe":[161],"weedings":[162],"produced":[163,235,255],"significantly":[164,188,256],"(P":[165],"<":[166],"0.05)":[167],"higher":[168,191,214],"similar":[170],"values":[171,192,238,259],"total":[173],"dry":[174],"matter":[175],"crop":[177],"rate,":[179],"whereas":[180],"onlyproduced":[187],"(P<0.05)":[189,212,263],"leaf":[194],"area":[195],"index":[196],"harvest":[198],"index.":[199],"Application":[200,242],"had":[210,268],"statistically":[211],"lodging":[215],"count.":[216],"highest":[218,258],"Relative":[219],"was":[222],"by":[223],"3.0kg":[228],"(P<0.05).":[230],"consistently":[234],"least":[237],"all":[240,261],"parameters.":[241],"parameters":[262],"while":[264],"0":[265],"least.":[270],"Based":[271],"result":[274],"this":[276],"study":[277],"it":[278],"can":[279],"be":[280],"deduced":[281],"that":[282],"kg":[291],"increased":[299],"Maize.Keywords":[304],"-":[305],"Weed":[306],"control,":[307],"Cow":[308],"manure,":[310],"Growth":[311],"indices,":[312],"protein":[314],"maize":[315]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
