{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2162783540","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291706009019","title":"Early childhood factors associated with the development of post-traumatic stress disorder: results from a longitudinal birth cohort","display_name":"Early childhood factors associated with the development of post-traumatic stress disorder: results from a longitudinal birth cohort","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-10-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2162783540","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291706009019","mag":"2162783540","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17052377","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2254221"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0033291706009019","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291706009019","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291706009019","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S71144982","display_name":"Psychological Medicine","issn_l":"0033-2917","issn":["0033-2917","1469-8978"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychological Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2254221","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031482400","display_name":"Karestan Chase Koenen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2978-7655","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2978-7655","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3293-4281"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1286490081","display_name":"Boston Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/010b9wj87","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286490081"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"KARESTAN C. KOENEN","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Society, Human Development, and Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA. kkoenen@hsph.harvard.edu","Department of Psychiatry, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA","Department of Society, Human Development, and Health and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Society, Human Development, and Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA. kkoenen@hsph.harvard.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046","https://openalex.org/I1286490081"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Society, Human Development, and Health and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081542021","display_name":"Terrie E. Moffitt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8589-6760","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8589-6760"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"TERRIE E. MOFFITT","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, USA","Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006059260","display_name":"Richie Poulton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1052-4583","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1052-4583"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"RICHIE POULTON","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Research Unit, Dunedin, New Zealand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Research Unit, Dunedin, New Zealand","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018289524","display_name":"Judith A. Martin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80281795","display_name":"University of Otago","ror":"https://ror.org/01jmxt844","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80281795"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"JUDITH MARTIN","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80281795"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026594853","display_name":"Avshalom Caspi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0082-4600","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0082-4600"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"AVSHALOM CASPI","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, USA","Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":17.173,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":364,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99505953,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"2","first_page":"181","last_page":"192"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10242","display_name":"Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10242","display_name":"Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10426","display_name":"Child Abuse and Trauma","score":0.007199999876320362,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11132","display_name":"Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/posttraumatic-stress-disorder","display_name":"post-traumatic stress disorder","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/childhood-risk-factors","display_name":"childhood risk factors","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurodevelopmental-factors","display_name":"neurodevelopmental factors","score":0.6660000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antisocial-behavior","display_name":"antisocial behavior","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maternal-psychological-distress","display_name":"maternal distress","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parental-loss","display_name":"parental loss","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-iq","display_name":"low IQ","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poverty","display_name":"poverty","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-adversity","display_name":"environmental adversity","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cumulative-risk","display_name":"cumulative risk","score":0.6549999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trauma-exposure","display_name":"trauma exposure","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/birth-cohort","display_name":"birth cohort","score":0.5640000104904175}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.5770213007926941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50440223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1475848","display_name":"Risk factor","level":2,"score":0.5251854658126831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201903717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778788","display_name":"Cohort study","level":2,"score":0.5240578651428223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125370674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1527480","display_name":"Stressor","level":2,"score":0.5170508027076721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5031360983848572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.4527370035648346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777895361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758614","display_name":"Longitudinal study","level":2,"score":0.41111019253730774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.401801735162735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.39346832036972046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.3295535445213318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.09364071488380432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001523","descriptor_name":"Mental Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002666","descriptor_name":"Psychology, Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005190","descriptor_name":"Family","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008137","descriptor_name":"Longitudinal Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013313","descriptor_name":"Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013694","descriptor_name":"Temperament","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015201","descriptor_name":"Meta-Analysis as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015331","descriptor_name":"Cohort Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0033291706009019","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291706009019","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291706009019","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S71144982","display_name":"Psychological Medicine","issn_l":"0033-2917","issn":["0033-2917","1469-8978"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychological Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:17052377","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17052377","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychological medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2254221","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2254221","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Psychol Med","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.664.6472","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.664.6472","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2254221/pdf/nihms37705.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:kclpure.kcl.ac.uk:publications/034d98c2-1d5f-494b-b84f-569bdede8e66","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/034d98c2-1d5f-494b-b84f-569bdede8e66","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400216","display_name":"Research Portal (King's College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","host_organization_name":"King's College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Koenen, K C, Moffitt, T E, Poulton, R, Martin, J & Caspi, A 2007, 'Early childhood factors associated with the development of post-traumatic stress disorder: results from a longitudinal birth cohort', Psychological Medicine, vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 181 - 192. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291706009019","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2254221","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2254221","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Psychol Med","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9940000176429749,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G11774321","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MH-49414","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3663637883","display_name":"Personality and Health from Childhood to Adulthood","funder_award_id":"R01MH049414","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5407524025","display_name":"Development Epidemiology of PTSD","funder_award_id":"K08MH070627","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7359307920","display_name":"Major Mental Disorders from Childhood to Adulthood","funder_award_id":"R01MH045070","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W565531189","https://openalex.org/W1743523990","https://openalex.org/W1967932903","https://openalex.org/W1976735983","https://openalex.org/W1991275838","https://openalex.org/W1997922734","https://openalex.org/W2002403344","https://openalex.org/W2014273857","https://openalex.org/W2020963141","https://openalex.org/W2029281360","https://openalex.org/W2040466875","https://openalex.org/W2050237761","https://openalex.org/W2051000959","https://openalex.org/W2051630636","https://openalex.org/W2057670386","https://openalex.org/W2058914725","https://openalex.org/W2059654210","https://openalex.org/W2062346516","https://openalex.org/W2062638800","https://openalex.org/W2068752673","https://openalex.org/W2072595271","https://openalex.org/W2075431089","https://openalex.org/W2080651817","https://openalex.org/W2092922717","https://openalex.org/W2097859017","https://openalex.org/W2105938068","https://openalex.org/W2114214919","https://openalex.org/W2116116525","https://openalex.org/W2124524555","https://openalex.org/W2131837368","https://openalex.org/W2143870303","https://openalex.org/W2144901750","https://openalex.org/W2165454307","https://openalex.org/W2167866144","https://openalex.org/W2468967278","https://openalex.org/W3145925695","https://openalex.org/W3149879448","https://openalex.org/W7139963246"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7098577376","https://openalex.org/W2014100288","https://openalex.org/W2048966001","https://openalex.org/W2161683041","https://openalex.org/W3208885500","https://openalex.org/W2138878839","https://openalex.org/W2170223510","https://openalex.org/W2160202465","https://openalex.org/W2184879535","https://openalex.org/W2142905431"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Childhood":[1],"factors":[2,24,97,136,155,178],"have":[3,260],"been":[4],"associated":[5,99],"with":[6,101,108],"increased":[7,102],"risk":[8,90,96,103,135,138,157,173,191,235,241],"of":[9,22,47,60,88,95,104,128,134,152,158,167,186,220,229,236],"developing":[10],"post-traumatic":[11],"stress":[12],"disorder":[13],"(PTSD).":[14],"Previous":[15],"studies":[16],"assessed":[17,39,70,110],"only":[18,141,184],"a":[19,55,61,129,254],"limited":[20],"number":[21],"childhood":[23,31,89,116,154,231],"retrospectively.":[25],"We":[26,84],"examined":[27],"the":[28,45,171,218,240],"association":[29],"between":[30,217],"neurodevelopmental,":[32],"temperamental,":[33],"behavioral":[34],"and":[35,44,74,107,119,126,142,146,202,222,227,239],"family":[36,120],"environmental":[37,121,148],"characteristics":[38,118],"before":[40,204],"age":[41,51,112,161,198,205],"11":[42,206],"years":[43,53,76],"development":[46],"PTSD":[48,78,109,140,159,180,210,258],"up":[49],"to":[50,183,208,212,247,256],"32":[52,75],"in":[54,170],"birth":[56,65],"cohort.":[57],"METHOD:":[58],"Members":[59],"1972-73":[62],"New":[63],"Zealand":[64],"cohort":[66,168],"(n=1037)":[67],"who":[68],"were":[69],"at":[71,111,160,189,197],"ages":[72,219],"26":[73,162,221],"for":[77,139,175],"as":[79,181],"defined":[80],"by":[81],"DSM-IV.":[82],"RESULTS:":[83],"identified":[85],"two":[86],"sets":[87],"factors.":[91,194],"The":[92,131,150],"first":[93],"set":[94,133],"was":[98,163],"both":[100,234],"trauma":[105,237],"exposure":[106,238],"26.":[113],"These":[114],"included":[115,143],"externalizing":[117],"stressors,":[122],"specifically":[123],"maternal":[124],"distress":[125],"loss":[127],"parent.":[130],"second":[132],"affected":[137],"low":[144],"IQ":[145,196],"chronic":[147],"adversity.":[149],"effect":[151],"cumulative":[153],"on":[156,192],"substantial;":[164],"over":[165],"58%":[166],"members":[169],"highest":[172],"quartile":[174],"three":[176],"developmental":[177,261],"had":[179],"compared":[182],"25%":[185],"those":[187],"not":[188],"high":[190],"any":[193],"Low":[195],"5,":[199],"antisocial":[200],"behavior,":[201],"poverty":[203],"continued":[207],"predict":[209],"related":[211],"traumatic":[213,248],"events":[214],"that":[215,242],"occurred":[216],"32.":[223],"CONCLUSIONS:":[224],"Developmental":[225],"capacities":[226],"conditions":[228],"early":[230],"may":[232,259],"increase":[233],"individuals":[243],"will":[244],"respond":[245],"adversely":[246],"exposures.":[249],"Rather":[250],"than":[251],"being":[252],"solely":[253],"response":[255],"trauma,":[257],"origins.":[262]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":26}],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}