{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2162411684","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4322/2357-9730.52764","title":"Cervical cancer screening: barriers to access and potential solutions for Nigeria","display_name":"Cervical cancer screening: barriers to access and potential solutions for Nigeria","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2162411684","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4322/2357-9730.52764","mag":"2162411684"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4322/2357-9730.52764","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4322/2357-9730.52764","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4322/2357-9730.52764","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.4322/2357-9730.52764","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764879641","display_name":"Clinical & Biomedical Research","issn_l":"2357-9730","issn":["2357-9730"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310312414","host_organization_name":"Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre ; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310312414"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre ; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical &amp; Biomedical Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.4322/2357-9730.52764","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072258421","display_name":"Christie Akwaowo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5265-8267","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5265-8267"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133696","display_name":"University of Uyo Teaching Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03fr85h91","country_code":"NG","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133696"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Christie Divine Akwaowo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Health Research, University of Uyo Teaching Hospital Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Health Research, University of Uyo Teaching Hospital Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133696"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073819679","display_name":"T\u00e1zio Vanni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0398-9814","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0398-9814"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121739","display_name":"Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade","ror":"https://ror.org/02y7p0749","country_code":"BR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121739"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tazio Vanni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade, Bras\u00edlia, DF, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade, Bras\u00edlia, DF, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121739"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072258421"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133696"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"1","first_page":"5","last_page":"13"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13544","display_name":"Women's cancer prevention and management","score":0.5062999725341797,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13544","display_name":"Women's cancer prevention and management","score":0.5062999725341797,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10146","display_name":"Cervical Cancer and HPV Research","score":0.482699990272522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10556","display_name":"Global Cancer Incidence and Screening","score":0.0032999999821186066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cervical-cancer-screening","display_name":"cervical cancer screening","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/access-barriers","display_name":"access barriers","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nigeria","display_name":"Nigeria","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/see-and-treat","display_name":"see and treat","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-inspection-with-acetic-acid","display_name":"visual inspection with acetic acid","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryotherapy","display_name":"cryotherapy","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/awareness","display_name":"awareness","score":0.3190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-barriers","display_name":"cost barriers","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vouchers","display_name":"vouchers","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conditional-cash-transfers","display_name":"conditional cash transfers","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-equity","display_name":"health equity","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-education","display_name":"health education","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/community-based-intervention","display_name":"community-based intervention","score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cervical-cancer-mortality","display_name":"cervical cancer mortality","score":0.6050000190734863}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.6723171472549438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130424004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q460189","display_name":"Prepayment of loan","level":2,"score":0.5963380932807922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5711778402328491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5493561029434204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83864248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323","display_name":"Developing country","level":2,"score":0.5037292838096619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.43162068724632263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3797599673271179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.35021674633026123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.3488849401473999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.3248552680015564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.24597838521003723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.1980816125869751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.15177544951438904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4322/2357-9730.52764","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4322/2357-9730.52764","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4322/2357-9730.52764","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.4322/2357-9730.52764","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764879641","display_name":"Clinical & Biomedical Research","issn_l":"2357-9730","issn":["2357-9730"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310312414","host_organization_name":"Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre ; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310312414"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre ; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical &amp; Biomedical Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:americanae.aecid.es:1811339","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://seer.ufrgs.br/index.php/hcpa/article/view/52764","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400786","display_name":"Americanae (AECID Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Clinical &amp; Biomedical Research; Vol. 35 No. 1 (2015): Clinical and Biomedical Research","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:cc6099875b2642abb0d8ed715b90d0fa","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/cc6099875b2642abb0d8ed715b90d0fa","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Clinical and Biomedical Research, Vol 35, Iss 1 (2015)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e55fda143517455d97b59eab4da36dc0","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e55fda143517455d97b59eab4da36dc0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Clinical and Biomedical Research, Vol 35, Iss 1 (2015)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:seer.ufrgs.br:article/52764","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://seer.ufrgs.br/index.php/hcpa/article/view/52764","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402641","display_name":"LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Cient\u00edficas)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4383465926","host_organization_name":"LA Referencia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4383465926"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"instacron:UFRGS","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4322/2357-9730.52764","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4322/2357-9730.52764","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4322/2357-9730.52764","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.4322/2357-9730.52764","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764879641","display_name":"Clinical & Biomedical Research","issn_l":"2357-9730","issn":["2357-9730"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310312414","host_organization_name":"Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre ; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310312414"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre ; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical &amp; Biomedical Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9940000176429749,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.7578999996185303,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2162411684.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2162411684.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W31182665","https://openalex.org/W1532092660","https://openalex.org/W1546757278","https://openalex.org/W1549090036","https://openalex.org/W1590922248","https://openalex.org/W1832642948","https://openalex.org/W1965778044","https://openalex.org/W1981989535","https://openalex.org/W1997600655","https://openalex.org/W2012725033","https://openalex.org/W2017651309","https://openalex.org/W2017839635","https://openalex.org/W2031305438","https://openalex.org/W2036363369","https://openalex.org/W2039728969","https://openalex.org/W2048283555","https://openalex.org/W2053582786","https://openalex.org/W2056513072","https://openalex.org/W2057206391","https://openalex.org/W2068498451","https://openalex.org/W2076489890","https://openalex.org/W2086754663","https://openalex.org/W2087983276","https://openalex.org/W2088811911","https://openalex.org/W2089569798","https://openalex.org/W2090479827","https://openalex.org/W2090992026","https://openalex.org/W2104650320","https://openalex.org/W2106147927","https://openalex.org/W2112493098","https://openalex.org/W2115011764","https://openalex.org/W2116079414","https://openalex.org/W2116713413","https://openalex.org/W2117718849","https://openalex.org/W2131529413","https://openalex.org/W2134344993","https://openalex.org/W2142822437","https://openalex.org/W2150236424","https://openalex.org/W2154199732","https://openalex.org/W2155572152","https://openalex.org/W2162024777","https://openalex.org/W2171888553","https://openalex.org/W2945792041","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4309557926"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4291145880","https://openalex.org/W4401903623","https://openalex.org/W7169674341","https://openalex.org/W4396657115","https://openalex.org/W2808170685","https://openalex.org/W2397550798","https://openalex.org/W7163716646","https://openalex.org/W4223616722","https://openalex.org/W4312128535","https://openalex.org/W4410813797"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"developed":[1],"countries,":[2],"giant":[3],"strides":[4],"have":[5],"been":[6,18],"made":[7],"in":[8,36,64,132],"reducing":[9],"mortality":[10,29],"due":[11,30],"to":[12,21,31,39,60,80,86,128],"cervical":[13,61],"cancer.The":[14],"success":[15],"recorded":[16],"has":[17],"largely":[19],"attributed":[20],"effective":[22],"screening":[23,40,63,83],"programmes.In":[24],"contrast,":[25],"the":[26,47,50,56,110,133],"burden":[27],"and":[28,66,72,88,99,103,116,121,140,156,171,178],"this":[32],"disease":[33],"is":[34,96],"rising":[35],"developing":[37],"countries.Access":[38],"services":[41],"remains":[42],"a":[43,75],"major":[44,126],"challenge":[45],"for":[46,94],"majority":[48],"of":[49,109,118],"population":[51],"at":[52],"risk.This":[53],"paper":[54],"reviews":[55],"current":[57,82,91],"demand-side":[58],"barriers":[59,85,127],"cancer":[62],"Nigeria":[65],"identifies":[67],"potential":[68,89,142],"solutions.Using":[69],"academic":[70],"databases":[71],"grey":[73],"literature,":[74],"review":[76],"was":[77],"carried":[78],"out":[79],"identify":[81],"modalities,":[84],"access,":[87],"solutions.The":[90],"innovative":[92],"method":[93],"control":[95],"early":[97],"detection":[98],"treatment":[100],"using":[101],"\"See":[102],"Treat\"":[104],"which":[105],"involves":[106],"visual":[107],"inspection":[108],"cervix":[111],"with":[112],"acetic":[113],"acid":[114],"(VIA)":[115],"cryotherapy.Lack":[117],"awareness,":[119],"cost,":[120],"availability":[122],"were":[123,136],"identified":[124],"as":[125,138],"access.Potential":[129],"solutions":[130],"feasible":[131],"Nigerian":[134],"context":[135],"categorized":[137],"financial":[139,143],"non-financial.The":[141],"interventions":[144,160],"include":[145,165],"voucher":[146],"schemes,":[147],"conditional":[148],"cash":[149],"transfers,":[150],"health":[151,169],"equity,":[152],"community":[153,173,175],"loan":[154],"funds,":[155],"prepayment":[157],"mechanisms.Potential":[158],"non-financial":[159],"that":[161],"would":[162],"be":[163],"useful":[164],"raising":[166],"awareness":[167],"via":[168],"education":[170],"counseling,":[172],"participation,":[174],"based":[176],"interventions,":[177],"pre-payment":[179],"mechanisms.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
