{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2162340140","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00.15110900","title":"Comparison of induced sputum with bronchial wash, bronchoalveolar lavage and bronchial biopsies in COPD","display_name":"Comparison of induced sputum with bronchial wash, bronchoalveolar lavage and bronchial biopsies in COPD","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2162340140","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00.15110900","mag":"2162340140","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10678630"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1183/09031936.00.15110900","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00.15110900","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00.15110900","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207896","display_name":"European Respiratory Journal","issn_l":"0903-1936","issn":["0903-1936","1399-3003"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317833","host_organization_name":"European Respiratory Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317833"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["European Respiratory Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Respiratory Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/erj/15/1/109.full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108534624","display_name":"S.R. Rutgers","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169381384","display_name":"University of Groningen","ror":"https://ror.org/012p63287","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S.R. Rutgers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Allergology, University Hospital, Gro-ningen, the Netherlands","Pathology and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Allergology, University Hospital, Gro-ningen, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pathology and","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034491326","display_name":"Wim Timens","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4146-6363","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4146-6363"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334415907","display_name":"University Medical Center Groningen","ror":"https://ror.org/03cv38k47","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1334415907"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039302","display_name":"Rutgers Health","ror":"https://ror.org/029z02k15","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142","https://openalex.org/I4390039302"]}],"countries":["NL","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W. Timens","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept of Pulmonology University Hospital Groningen P.O. Box 30.001 9700 RB Groningen The Netherlands","Depts of *Pulmonology,","Rutgers Dept of Pulmonology","University Hospital Groningen P.O. Box 30.001 9700 RB Groningen The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of Pulmonology University Hospital Groningen P.O. Box 30.001 9700 RB Groningen The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334415907"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Depts of *Pulmonology,","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rutgers Dept of Pulmonology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142","https://openalex.org/I4390039302"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Hospital Groningen P.O. Box 30.001 9700 RB Groningen The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334415907"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072727793","display_name":"H. F. Kaufmann","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334415907","display_name":"University Medical Center Groningen","ror":"https://ror.org/03cv38k47","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1334415907"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039302","display_name":"Rutgers Health","ror":"https://ror.org/029z02k15","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142","https://openalex.org/I4390039302"]}],"countries":["NL","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H.F. Kaufmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept of Pulmonology University Hospital Groningen P.O. Box 30.001 9700 RB Groningen The Netherlands","Depts of *Pulmonology,","Rutgers Dept of Pulmonology","University Hospital Groningen P.O. Box 30.001 9700 RB Groningen The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of Pulmonology University Hospital Groningen P.O. Box 30.001 9700 RB Groningen The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334415907"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Depts of *Pulmonology,","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rutgers Dept of Pulmonology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142","https://openalex.org/I4390039302"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Hospital Groningen P.O. Box 30.001 9700 RB Groningen The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334415907"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110128086","display_name":"T W van der Mark","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169381384","display_name":"University of Groningen","ror":"https://ror.org/012p63287","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T.H.W. van der Mark","raw_affiliation_strings":["Allergology, University Hospital, Gro-ningen, the Netherlands","Pathology and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Allergology, University Hospital, Gro-ningen, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pathology and","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111930094","display_name":"G H Ko\u00ebter","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G.H. Ko\u00ebter","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030603878","display_name":"Dirkje Sjoukje Postma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7912-058X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7912-058X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169381384","display_name":"University of Groningen","ror":"https://ror.org/012p63287","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D.S. Postma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Allergology, University Hospital, Gro-ningen, the Netherlands","Pathology and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Allergology, University Hospital, Gro-ningen, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pathology and","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.199,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":231,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93989344,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"1","first_page":"109","last_page":"109"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10143","display_name":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10143","display_name":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10051","display_name":"Asthma and respiratory diseases","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10665","display_name":"Cystic Fibrosis Research Advances","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease","display_name":"chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/induced-sputum","display_name":"induced sputum","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bronchial-lavage","display_name":"bronchial lavage","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bronchoalveolar-lavage","display_name":"bronchoalveolar lavage","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endobronchial-biopsy","display_name":"bronchial biopsy","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eosinophil-cationic-protein","display_name":"eosinophil cationic protein","score":0.8640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interleukin-8","display_name":"interleukin-8","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neutrophils","display_name":"neutrophils","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eosinophils","display_name":"eosinophils","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macrophages","display_name":"macrophages","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/airway-inflammation","display_name":"airway inflammation","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypertonic-saline","display_name":"hypertonic saline","score":0.6639999747276306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9227871894836426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777961210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q927148","display_name":"Bronchoalveolar lavage","level":3,"score":0.9054335355758667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776301714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q259346","display_name":"Sputum","level":3,"score":0.8647440671920776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776780178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199804","display_name":"COPD","level":2,"score":0.7745212316513062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777037409","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107238","display_name":"Eosinophil","level":3,"score":0.6233667731285095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017567848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275792","display_name":"Hypertonic saline","level":2,"score":0.5793306827545166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776954882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840343","display_name":"Inhalation","level":2,"score":0.4674715995788574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.45752960443496704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88675164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22677314","display_name":"Eosinophil cationic protein","level":4,"score":0.45620250701904297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.454165518283844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776178081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3286546","display_name":"Respiratory disease","level":3,"score":0.4106397330760956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90924648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569","display_name":"Gastroenterology","level":1,"score":0.3689972758293152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2941296398639679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776042228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35869","display_name":"Asthma","level":2,"score":0.282037615776062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777714996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7886","display_name":"Lung","level":2,"score":0.25131756067276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.06447610259056091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781069245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12204","display_name":"Tuberculosis","level":2,"score":0.05377945303916931}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001706","descriptor_name":"Biopsy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001980","descriptor_name":"Bronchi","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001992","descriptor_name":"Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004804","descriptor_name":"Eosinophils","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004804","descriptor_name":"Eosinophils","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005541","descriptor_name":"Forced Expiratory Volume","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007958","descriptor_name":"Leukocyte Count","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008168","descriptor_name":"Lung","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008173","descriptor_name":"Lung Diseases, Obstructive","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008173","descriptor_name":"Lung Diseases, Obstructive","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011237","descriptor_name":"Predictive Value of Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012016","descriptor_name":"Reference Values","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013183","descriptor_name":"Sputum","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016676","descriptor_name":"Macrophages, Alveolar","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016676","descriptor_name":"Macrophages, Alveolar","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018836","descriptor_name":"Inflammation Mediators","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1183/09031936.00.15110900","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00.15110900","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00.15110900","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207896","display_name":"European Respiratory Journal","issn_l":"0903-1936","issn":["0903-1936","1399-3003"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317833","host_organization_name":"European Respiratory Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317833"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["European Respiratory Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Respiratory Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.1034/j.1399-3003.2000.15a20.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3003.2000.15a20.x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3003.2000.15a20.x","pdf_url":"https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/erj/15/1/109.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207896","display_name":"European Respiratory Journal","issn_l":"0903-1936","issn":["0903-1936","1399-3003"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317833","host_organization_name":"European Respiratory Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317833"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["European Respiratory Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Respiratory Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:10678630","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10678630","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The European respiratory journal","raw_type":"Comparative Study"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.rug.nl:openaire_cris_publications/bb860df8-1c3a-42f6-b0bb-6089a7dd886c","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/bb860df8-1c3a-42f6-b0bb-6089a7dd886c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400420","display_name":"University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I169381384","host_organization_name":"University of Groningen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Rutgers, N V, Timens, W, Kaufmann, HF, van der Mark, TW, Koeter, GH & Postma, DS 2000, 'Comparison of induced sputum with bronchial wash, bronchoalveolar lavage and bronchial biopsies in COPD', European Respiratory Journal, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 109-115.","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:rug:oai:pure.rug.nl:publications/bb860df8-1c3a-42f6-b0bb-6089a7dd886c","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/bb860df8-1c3a-42f6-b0bb-6089a7dd886c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400420","display_name":"University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I169381384","host_organization_name":"University of Groningen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"European Respiratory Journal, 15(1), 109 - 115. EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY SOC JOURNALS LTD","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1034/j.1399-3003.2000.15a20.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3003.2000.15a20.x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3003.2000.15a20.x","pdf_url":"https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/erj/15/1/109.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207896","display_name":"European Respiratory Journal","issn_l":"0903-1936","issn":["0903-1936","1399-3003"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317833","host_organization_name":"European Respiratory Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317833"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["European Respiratory Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Respiratory Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.98580002784729}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2162340140.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2162340140.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1990674750","https://openalex.org/W1992493484","https://openalex.org/W2036327819","https://openalex.org/W2080420512","https://openalex.org/W2106841973","https://openalex.org/W2125252801","https://openalex.org/W2129724566","https://openalex.org/W2130191659","https://openalex.org/W2134084175","https://openalex.org/W2138312725","https://openalex.org/W2138556841","https://openalex.org/W2148603666","https://openalex.org/W2152194899","https://openalex.org/W2162139919","https://openalex.org/W2994597783"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2130052573","https://openalex.org/W2358269202","https://openalex.org/W1990674750","https://openalex.org/W1914525871","https://openalex.org/W2674787792","https://openalex.org/W2106841973","https://openalex.org/W2354910331","https://openalex.org/W1977671211","https://openalex.org/W2145757030","https://openalex.org/W3198910765"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"It":[0],"is":[1,211],"unclear":[2],"how":[3],"cellular":[4],"and":[5,18,29,38,47,74,83,107,144,167,169,174,184,193,201,219,222,236],"soluble":[6],"inflammatory":[7],"markers":[8,14],"in":[9,15,20,96,98,104,114,122,191,205,238],"induced":[10,55,209],"sputum":[11,97,115,130,145,165,210,225],"relate":[12],"to":[13],"lavage":[16,81],"fluid":[17,109,126,139,151,221],"biopsies":[19,84],"chronic":[21,239],"obstructive":[22,240],"pulmonary":[23,241],"disease":[24],"(COPD).":[25],"This":[26],"was":[27,54],"investigated":[28],"also":[30,189],"the":[31,66,75,92,120,231],"possible":[32],"differences":[33],"between":[34],"subjects":[35,44],"with":[36,45,119,137,149,158],"COPD":[37,46,99,159],"healthy":[39,49,177],"controls":[40,50],"assessed.":[41],"Eighteen":[42],"nonatopic":[43],"11":[48],"were":[51,63,85,91,188,203],"studied.":[52],"Sputum":[53],"by":[56],"inhalation":[57],"of":[58,164,172,182,186,199,233],"hypertonic":[59],"saline.":[60],"The":[61,179],"airways":[62],"lavaged,":[64],"using":[65],"first":[67],"50":[68],"mL":[69,78],"for":[70,79,229],"bronchial":[71],"wash":[72],"(BW)":[73],"subsequent":[76],"150":[77],"bronchoalveolar":[80],"(BAL),":[82],"taken":[86],"from":[87,213,217],"subsegmental":[88],"carinae.":[89],"Neutrophils":[90],"predominant":[93],"cell":[94,112],"type":[95],"(median":[100],"77.3%)":[101],"but":[102],"not":[103,117],"BW":[105,123,138,192,218],"(5.5%)":[106],"BAL":[108,125,150,194,220],"(1.7%).":[110],"Differential":[111],"counts":[113,121],"did":[116],"correlate":[118],"or":[124,127],"biopsies,":[128],"whereas":[129],"eosinophil":[131],"cationic":[132],"protein":[133],"(ECP)":[134],"levels":[135,141],"correlated":[136],"ECP":[140,173,187],"(p=0.66,":[142],"p=0.007)":[143],"interleukin-8":[146],"(IL-8)":[147],"concentration":[148,153],"IL-8":[152,175],"(p=":[154],"0.52,":[155],"p=0.026).":[156],"Subjects":[157],"had":[160],"a":[161,214],"higher":[162,170,180,197],"percentage":[163],"neutrophils":[166,235],"eosinophils":[168,183,202,237],"concentrations":[171,185],"than":[176],"controls.":[178],"percentages":[181],"seen":[190],"fluid.":[195],"Finally,":[196],"numbers":[198],"macrophages":[200],"found":[204],"biopsies.":[206,223],"In":[207],"conclusion,":[208],"derived":[212],"different":[215],"compartment":[216],"Induced":[224],"may":[226],"be":[227],"useful":[228],"studying":[230],"contribution":[232],"luminal":[234],"disease.":[242]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
