{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2162108317","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0277(94)00655-5","title":"Learning and morphological change","display_name":"Learning and morphological change","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2162108317","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0277(94)00655-5","mag":"2162108317","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7634765"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0010-0277(94)00655-5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0277(94)00655-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0277(94)00655-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S88198767","display_name":"Cognition","issn_l":"0010-0277","issn":["0010-0277","1873-7838"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","ccf-b","cwts-core","dongbi-a","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cognition","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013707292","display_name":"Mary L. Hare","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mary Hare","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Research in Language, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0526, USA","Center for Research in Language, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0526, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Research in Language, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0526, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Research in Language, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0526, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078621055","display_name":"Jeffrey L. Elman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8072-2294","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8072-2294"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey L. Elman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0515, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0515, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5013707292"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"],"apc_list":{"value":3910,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3910},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":67.7428,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":267,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99819435,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"56","issue":"1","first_page":"61","last_page":"98"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10034","display_name":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","score":0.7627000212669373,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10034","display_name":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","score":0.7627000212669373,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12768","display_name":"Linguistics and language evolution","score":0.11299999803304672,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13156","display_name":"Historical Linguistics and Language Studies","score":0.022299999371170998,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/english-verb-inflection","display_name":"English verb inflection","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/irregular-verbs","display_name":"irregular verbs","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regularization","display_name":"regularization","score":0.43700000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/morphological-learning","display_name":"morphological learning","score":0.609000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-frequency","display_name":"pattern frequency","score":0.4059999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phonological-regularity","display_name":"phonological regularity","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/historical-linguistics","display_name":"historical linguistics","score":0.3799999952316284}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159403335","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207857","display_name":"Inflection","level":2,"score":0.9451519250869751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8521452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q203790","display_name":"Connectionism","level":3,"score":0.9356514811515808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776397901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24905","display_name":"Verb","level":2,"score":0.6474378108978271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5761593580245972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4783022999763489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74672266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815859","display_name":"Language acquisition","level":2,"score":0.4700400233268738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58315980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179436","display_name":"Asymptote","level":2,"score":0.467519074678421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.4540089964866638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.42326897382736206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776626494","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1994301","display_name":"Past tense","level":3,"score":0.4229475259780884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.4187377691268921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.258513867855072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10508143901824951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011578","descriptor_name":"Psycholinguistics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011578","descriptor_name":"Psycholinguistics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011578","descriptor_name":"Psycholinguistics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012660","descriptor_name":"Semantics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012660","descriptor_name":"Semantics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012660","descriptor_name":"Semantics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014706","descriptor_name":"Verbal Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014706","descriptor_name":"Verbal Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014706","descriptor_name":"Verbal Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014825","descriptor_name":"Vocabulary","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014825","descriptor_name":"Vocabulary","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014825","descriptor_name":"Vocabulary","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0010-0277(94)00655-5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0277(94)00655-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0277(94)00655-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S88198767","display_name":"Cognition","issn_l":"0010-0277","issn":["0010-0277","1873-7838"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","ccf-b","cwts-core","dongbi-a","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cognition","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:7634765","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7634765","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cognition","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8600000143051147}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W134380959","https://openalex.org/W144455248","https://openalex.org/W396141861","https://openalex.org/W583107845","https://openalex.org/W632781677","https://openalex.org/W1496307754","https://openalex.org/W1497409114","https://openalex.org/W1514711353","https://openalex.org/W1541254004","https://openalex.org/W1581147301","https://openalex.org/W1582001079","https://openalex.org/W1582736982","https://openalex.org/W1594042703","https://openalex.org/W1598851216","https://openalex.org/W1964012309","https://openalex.org/W1964809799","https://openalex.org/W1974881914","https://openalex.org/W1975930388","https://openalex.org/W1993657100","https://openalex.org/W2002001621","https://openalex.org/W2015783295","https://openalex.org/W2020656746","https://openalex.org/W2025032307","https://openalex.org/W2030831236","https://openalex.org/W2032886469","https://openalex.org/W2057345692","https://openalex.org/W2060208675","https://openalex.org/W2063598038","https://openalex.org/W2076852153","https://openalex.org/W2082568609","https://openalex.org/W2102674732","https://openalex.org/W2144862731","https://openalex.org/W2161070585","https://openalex.org/W2477654261","https://openalex.org/W2486409195","https://openalex.org/W2561277497","https://openalex.org/W2571532437","https://openalex.org/W2599276130","https://openalex.org/W2766736793","https://openalex.org/W3014138218","https://openalex.org/W3136945921","https://openalex.org/W4229627083","https://openalex.org/W4234475110","https://openalex.org/W4242965703","https://openalex.org/W4298874037","https://openalex.org/W4388250920","https://openalex.org/W7037048732"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2082568609","https://openalex.org/W7016121887","https://openalex.org/W2104162748","https://openalex.org/W2172262882","https://openalex.org/W7100505159","https://openalex.org/W7037048732","https://openalex.org/W1528013023","https://openalex.org/W946685375","https://openalex.org/W2087408936","https://openalex.org/W7097928129"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}