{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2162016979","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-015-1466-4","title":"Evaluation of rational use of veterinary drugs especially antimicrobials and anthelmintics in Bishoftu, Central Ethiopia","display_name":"Evaluation of rational use of veterinary drugs especially antimicrobials and anthelmintics in Bishoftu, Central Ethiopia","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-09-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2162016979","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-015-1466-4","mag":"2162016979","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26415926","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4584433"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13104-015-1466-4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-015-1466-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-015-1466-4","pdf_url":"https://bmcresnotes.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13104-015-1466-4","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100014455","display_name":"BMC Research Notes","issn_l":"1756-0500","issn":["1756-0500"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Research Notes","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://bmcresnotes.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13104-015-1466-4","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073445647","display_name":"Takele Beyene Tufa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0383-218X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0383-218X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4537092","display_name":"Addis Ababa University","ror":"https://ror.org/038b8e254","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4537092"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Takele Beyene","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box 34, Bishoftu, Ethiopia. takele.beyene@aau.edu.et","Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box 34, Bishoftu, Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box 34, Bishoftu, Ethiopia. takele.beyene@aau.edu.et","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4537092"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box 34, Bishoftu, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4537092"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060840553","display_name":"Dagnachew Endalamaw","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4537092","display_name":"Addis Ababa University","ror":"https://ror.org/038b8e254","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4537092"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dagnachew Endalamaw","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box 34, Bishoftu, Ethiopia. dagnachewkey@gmail.com","Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box 34, Bishoftu, Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box 34, Bishoftu, Ethiopia. dagnachewkey@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4537092"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box 34, Bishoftu, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4537092"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053798709","display_name":"Yonas Tolosa Roba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4040-3491","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4040-3491"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4537092","display_name":"Addis Ababa University","ror":"https://ror.org/038b8e254","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4537092"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yonas Tolossa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Veterinary Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box 34, Bishoftu, Ethiopia. yonasroba@gmail.com","Department of Veterinary Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box 34, Bishoftu, Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Veterinary Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box 34, Bishoftu, Ethiopia. yonasroba@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4537092"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Veterinary Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box 34, Bishoftu, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4537092"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064613985","display_name":"Ashenafi Duguma Feyisa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8542-0562","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8542-0562"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4537092","display_name":"Addis Ababa University","ror":"https://ror.org/038b8e254","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4537092"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ashenafi Feyisa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box 34, Bishoftu, Ethiopia. ashenafi.feyisa1@gmail.com","Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box 34, Bishoftu, Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box 34, Bishoftu, Ethiopia. ashenafi.feyisa1@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4537092"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box 34, Bishoftu, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4537092"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5073445647"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4537092"],"apc_list":{"value":1690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1690},"apc_paid":{"value":1690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1690},"fwci":2.7679,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":68,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89656948,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"1","first_page":"482","last_page":"482"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10897","display_name":"Antibiotic Use and Resistance","score":0.9115999937057495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10897","display_name":"Antibiotic Use and Resistance","score":0.9115999937057495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11905","display_name":"Veterinary Pharmacology and Anesthesia","score":0.04520000144839287,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3404","display_name":"Small Animals"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/34","display_name":"Veterinary"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13036","display_name":"Veterinary Practice and Education Studies","score":0.015399999916553497,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3616","display_name":"Speech and Hearing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rational-drug-use","display_name":"rational drug use","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/veterinary-antimicrobials","display_name":"veterinary antimicrobials","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anthelmintics","display_name":"anthelmintics","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prescription-evaluation","display_name":"prescription evaluation","score":0.5360000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/irrational-prescribing","display_name":"irrational prescribing","score":0.531000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-treatment","display_name":"empirical treatment","score":0.5809999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-resistance","display_name":"drug resistance","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/albendazole","display_name":"albendazole","score":0.656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ivermectin","display_name":"ivermectin","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxytetracycline","display_name":"oxytetracycline","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generic-drug-names","display_name":"generic drug names","score":0.6439999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/veterinary-teaching-hospital","display_name":"veterinary teaching hospital","score":0.6200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bishoftu","display_name":"Bishoftu","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethiopia","display_name":"Ethiopia","score":0.5649999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/veterinary-clinical-practice","display_name":"veterinary clinical practice","score":0.36899998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laboratory-diagnosis","display_name":"laboratory diagnosis","score":0.3580000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-residues","display_name":"drug residues","score":0.4880000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/one-health","display_name":"One Health","score":0.39899998903274536}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8317381143569946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2426938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3355478","display_name":"Medical prescription","level":2,"score":0.7626887559890747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42972112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170201","display_name":"Veterinary medicine","level":1,"score":0.600767195224762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4937899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68541106","display_name":"Antimicrobial","level":2,"score":0.5537649989128113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909766688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2432100","display_name":"Veterinary Drugs","level":2,"score":0.4673633575439453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174802600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12190","display_name":"Penicillin","level":3,"score":0.4516795873641968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501593827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12187","display_name":"Antibiotics","level":2,"score":0.3592352867126465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.18601489067077637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.09515249729156494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.06281179189682007}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000820","descriptor_name":"Animal Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000871","descriptor_name":"Anthelmintics","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000890","descriptor_name":"Anti-Infective Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000890","descriptor_name":"Anti-Infective Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005002","descriptor_name":"Ethiopia","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019155","descriptor_name":"Veterinary Drugs","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019155","descriptor_name":"Veterinary Drugs","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13104-015-1466-4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-015-1466-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-015-1466-4","pdf_url":"https://bmcresnotes.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13104-015-1466-4","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100014455","display_name":"BMC Research Notes","issn_l":"1756-0500","issn":["1756-0500"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Research Notes","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:3557439","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4584433","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:26415926","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26415926","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC research notes","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4584433","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4584433/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Res Notes","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.801.3797","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.801.3797","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/97/e0/13104_2015_Article_1466.PMC4584433.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13104-015-1466-4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-015-1466-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-015-1466-4","pdf_url":"https://bmcresnotes.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13104-015-1466-4","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100014455","display_name":"BMC Research Notes","issn_l":"1756-0500","issn":["1756-0500"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Research Notes","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8371999859809875}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324791","display_name":"Addis Ababa University","ror":"https://ror.org/038b8e254"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2162016979.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2162016979.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W102810746","https://openalex.org/W236926491","https://openalex.org/W1488966085","https://openalex.org/W1930715213","https://openalex.org/W1975850307","https://openalex.org/W1984037721","https://openalex.org/W2004687821","https://openalex.org/W2007372167","https://openalex.org/W2013758955","https://openalex.org/W2056059358","https://openalex.org/W2073786511","https://openalex.org/W2082695165","https://openalex.org/W2083175021","https://openalex.org/W2092446368","https://openalex.org/W2140997499","https://openalex.org/W2152964562","https://openalex.org/W2162290530","https://openalex.org/W2165841328","https://openalex.org/W2246058054","https://openalex.org/W2255452827","https://openalex.org/W2482327765","https://openalex.org/W2883086884"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7098255258","https://openalex.org/W2391388061","https://openalex.org/W2983232266","https://openalex.org/W3212104389","https://openalex.org/W4400866026","https://openalex.org/W7133461523","https://openalex.org/W4317999596","https://openalex.org/W4400177456","https://openalex.org/W4380202251","https://openalex.org/W7165639537"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Rational":[1],"use":[2,44],"of":[3,22,28,39,45,52,94,103,107,125,183,198,301],"drugs":[4,47,95,126,162],"in":[5,109,294,309],"veterinary":[6,46,53,57,63,134,256,303,314],"medicine":[7,54],"has":[8],"numerous":[9],"benefits,":[10],"such":[11],"as":[12,231],"increasing":[13],"efficacy,":[14],"decreasing":[15],"the":[16,37,41,80,174,184,199,310,330],"potential":[17],"adverse":[18],"effects,":[19],"reducing":[20],"risk":[21],"drug":[23,30,135,281,307,333],"residue":[24],"and":[25,55,60,71,85,112,119,131,140,149,156,165,169,195,209,216,238,283,299,306,323,336],"combating":[26],"development":[27,339],"microorganism's":[29],"resistance.":[31],"METHODS:":[32],"A":[33],"retrospective":[34],"study":[35,81,311,327],"with":[36,101],"aim":[38],"evaluating":[40],"current":[42],"rational":[43],"was":[48,99,114],"conducted":[49],"at":[50],"college":[51],"agriculture":[56],"teaching":[58],"hospital":[59],"Ada":[61],"district":[62],"clinic,":[64],"central":[65],"Ethiopia.":[66],"One":[67],"thousand":[68],"eight":[69],"hundred":[70],"nineteen":[72],"animal":[73],"patients'":[74],"encounters":[75,108],"were":[76,116,137,151,186,203,218,222,228,253,260],"randomly":[77],"selected":[78],"for":[79,225,271],"from":[82,132,332],"prescription":[83,86,202],"papers":[84],"registration":[87],"books":[88],"retrospectively.":[89],"RESULTS:":[90],"The":[91,105,123,144,289],"average":[92],"number":[93],"prescribed":[96,115,127,147,194,223],"per":[97],"encounter":[98],"1.23":[100],"maximum":[102],"five.":[104],"percentage":[106],"which":[110,227],"antimicrobials":[111,148,215],"anthelmintics":[113,150,217],"54.4%":[117],"(1216/2235)":[118],"38.9%":[120],"(869/2235),":[121],"respectively.":[122,143,220],"percentages":[124],"by":[128],"generic":[129,295],"name":[130],"essential":[133],"list":[136],"90.1%":[138],"(2014/2235)":[139],"99.7%":[141],"(2229/2235),":[142],"most":[145],"commonly":[146],"oxytetracycline":[152],"1016":[153],"(45.5%),":[154],"penicillin":[155],"streptomycin":[157],"combination":[158],"168":[159],"(7.5%),":[160],"sulfa":[161],"23":[163],"(1.0%),":[164],"albendazole":[166],"732":[167],"(32.8%)":[168],"ivermectin":[170],"137":[171],"(6.1%).":[172],"Among":[173,249],"1819":[175],"animal-patient":[176],"encounters,":[177],"only":[178],"57%":[179],"(n":[180,190,235,246],"=":[181,191,236,247,286],"1037)":[182],"prescriptions":[185],"written":[187],"adequately,":[188],"43%":[189],"782)":[192],"incorrectly":[193],"1179":[196],"cases":[197,214,226],"adequately":[200],"specified":[201,213],"tentatively":[204,229],"diagnosed.":[205],"For":[206],"656":[207],"(53.9%)":[208],"233":[210],"(26.8%)":[211],"inadequately":[212],"prescribed,":[219],"Antibiotics":[221],"irrationally":[224],"diagnosed":[230],"parasitic":[232],"21.6":[233],"%":[234],"262)":[237],"viral":[239],"to":[240,255,328],"prevent":[241],"secondary":[242],"bacterial":[243],"complications":[244],"6.0%":[245],"73).":[248],"all":[250],"patients":[251],"that":[252],"admitted":[254],"clinics,":[257],"96.6%":[258],"(1757)":[259],"treated":[261],"empirically":[262],"without":[263],"getting":[264],"correct":[265],"laboratory-supported":[266],"diagnosis.":[267],"Chi":[268],"Square":[269],"test":[270],"trend":[272],"analysis":[273],"showed":[274],"a":[275,324],"statistically":[276],"significant":[277],"association":[278],"between":[279],"irrational":[280],"usage":[282],"year":[284],"(p":[285],"0.000).":[287],"CONCLUSIONS:":[288],"findings":[290],"had":[291],"shown":[292],"problems":[293],"prescribing,":[296],"incorrect":[297],"diagnosis,":[298],"non-availability":[300],"standard":[302],"treatment":[304],"guideline":[305],"formulary":[308],"area.":[312],"Therefore,":[313],"drugs,":[315],"specially,":[316],"antimicrobial":[317,337],"agents":[318],"should":[319],"be":[320],"judiciously":[321],"used;":[322],"wide":[325],"scale":[326],"safeguard":[329],"public":[331],"residual":[334],"effects":[335],"resistance":[338],"is":[340],"recommended.":[341]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T13:42:25.865203","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
