{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2161945259","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/512622","title":"A New Direction in Understanding the Pathogenesis of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis: How Real Infants Suffer","display_name":"A New Direction in Understanding the Pathogenesis of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis: How Real Infants Suffer","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-03-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2161945259","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/512622","mag":"2161945259","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17357042"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1086/512622","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/512622","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/512622","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S54542293","display_name":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","issn_l":"0022-1899","issn":["0022-1899","1537-6613"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"editorial","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036771694","display_name":"John P. DeVincenzo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2655-344X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2655-344X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I160606119","display_name":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0011qv509","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160606119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156806","display_name":"Le Bonheur Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/056wg8a82","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156806"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"John\u00a0P. DeVincenzo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Sciences, University of Tennessee School of Medicine, LeBonheur Children's Medical Center, and The Children's Foundation Research Center, Memphis"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Sciences, University of Tennessee School of Medicine, LeBonheur Children's Medical Center, and The Children's Foundation Research Center, Memphis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160606119","https://openalex.org/I4210156806"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036771694"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160606119","https://openalex.org/I4210156806"],"apc_list":{"value":4763,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4763},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"195","issue":"8","first_page":"1084","last_page":"1086"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11243","display_name":"Respiratory viral infections research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11243","display_name":"Respiratory viral infections research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10549","display_name":"Neonatal Respiratory Health Research","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11135","display_name":"Virology and Viral Diseases","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/respiratory-syncytial-virus","display_name":"respiratory syncytial virus","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rsv-bronchiolitis","display_name":"RSV bronchiolitis","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/th2-response","display_name":"Th2 immune response","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytotoxic-t-lymphocytes","display_name":"cytotoxic T lymphocytes","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunopathogenesis","display_name":"immunopathogenesis","score":0.5410000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rsv-pathogenesis","display_name":"RSV pathogenesis","score":0.46000000834465027}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778821649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424227","display_name":"Bronchiolitis","level":3,"score":0.8403810262680054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780942790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q372016","display_name":"Pathogenesis","level":2,"score":0.7662407159805298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.6623109579086304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779644171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13400765","display_name":"Respiratory tract","level":3,"score":0.6508446931838989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.5568022727966309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C534529494","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7891","display_name":"Respiratory system","level":2,"score":0.5480289459228516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5136827826499939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.486087828874588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780813555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q911129","display_name":"Paramyxoviridae","level":4,"score":0.4638180136680603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.4391842484474182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776012195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q754447","display_name":"Respiratory tract infections","level":3,"score":0.4353238046169281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909511158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3906839","display_name":"Pneumovirus","level":5,"score":0.41227108240127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.32564640045166016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780727368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1928978","display_name":"Viral disease","level":3,"score":0.2961622178554535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.06479573249816895}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001990","descriptor_name":"Bronchiolitis, Viral","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001990","descriptor_name":"Bronchiolitis, Viral","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001990","descriptor_name":"Bronchiolitis, Viral","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007231","descriptor_name":"Infant, Newborn","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007251","descriptor_name":"Influenza, Human","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012008","descriptor_name":"Recurrence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018113","descriptor_name":"Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human","qualifier_ui":"Q000472","qualifier_name":"pathogenicity","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018357","descriptor_name":"Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018357","descriptor_name":"Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018357","descriptor_name":"Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1086/512622","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/512622","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/512622","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S54542293","display_name":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","issn_l":"0022-1899","issn":["0022-1899","1537-6613"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:17357042","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17357042","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of infectious diseases","raw_type":"Comment"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.889.2337","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.889.2337","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://jid.oxfordjournals.org/content/195/8/1084.full.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9940000176429749,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1894593978","https://openalex.org/W1925238017","https://openalex.org/W1974757732","https://openalex.org/W1989569170","https://openalex.org/W1991730258","https://openalex.org/W1994149977","https://openalex.org/W2010755731","https://openalex.org/W2013551451","https://openalex.org/W2036877259","https://openalex.org/W2046434535","https://openalex.org/W2055312049","https://openalex.org/W2077290707","https://openalex.org/W2078706891","https://openalex.org/W2084916825","https://openalex.org/W2097772156","https://openalex.org/W2101139212","https://openalex.org/W2104424665","https://openalex.org/W2123817481","https://openalex.org/W2126163156","https://openalex.org/W2139067986","https://openalex.org/W2139841187","https://openalex.org/W2142151758","https://openalex.org/W2145445974","https://openalex.org/W2146660032","https://openalex.org/W2156421247"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2084916825","https://openalex.org/W3142547250","https://openalex.org/W1977076480","https://openalex.org/W2276335731","https://openalex.org/W2054093875","https://openalex.org/W2001892846","https://openalex.org/W2941770795","https://openalex.org/W103182913","https://openalex.org/W7100562921","https://openalex.org/W4233366957"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0,210],"understanding":[1,211],"of":[2,5,15,24,39,42,70,85,88,103,118,130,139,212,220,224,292,304,339,349,355,366,379,406,409,450,480,502,537,545,560,565,611,614,642,664,673,703,725,744,809,827,846,849,889,895,915,932,941,953,966,976,1014,1042,1050,1061,1108,1118,1132,1162,1172,1181,1198,1226,1255,1269,1309,1342,1359,1408,1416],"the":[3,40,68,86,104,119,126,221,251,288,305,311,316,337,347,350,353,377,400,407,439,445,478,507,531,550,583,594,608,640,651,655,687,722,742,777,810,824,835,887,899,912,930,967,1003,1032,1040,1048,1059,1145,1170,1224,1236,1266,1307,1339,1343,1399,1406,1414],"mechanism":[4],"human":[6,370],"disease":[7,214,237,275,322,523,574,596,621,736,760,1034,1071,1122,1374],"should":[8,1381],"be":[9,67,111,324,750,786,820,886,1263,1297,1314,1352,1403],"led":[10,35],"by":[11,57,95,231,267,315,463,483,491,623,650,823,1354,1368],"a":[12,27,79,241,522,541,558,567,612,643,665,796,938,951,959,974,1056,1105,1130,1139,1356],"thorough":[13],"study":[14,84,365,1107,1407,1415],"pathology.":[16],"This":[17,259,330,579,698,856,880],"statement":[18],"seems":[19],"an":[20,71,586,866,994,1286],"obvious":[21],"central":[22,1196],"tenet":[23,1197],"medicine,":[25],"but":[26,790,957],"failure":[28],"to":[29,31,36,66,279,352,359,428,436,593,606,735,749,785,885,910,972,1001,1138,1153,1191,1241,1247,1252,1262,1279,1296,1316,1328,1395,1421],"adhere":[30],"it":[32,1022,1187,1313],"may":[33,110,202,323],"have":[34,227,459,598,1120,1164],"fundamental":[37],"misunderstandings":[38],"pathogenesis":[41,979],"infant":[43,90,551,954,977],"viral":[44,1078,1134,1149,1317,1340],"lower":[45,50,131,618,677,701],"respiratory":[46,51,58,132,538,619,758,768,851,934,1065,1081,1301],"tract":[47,52,133,620,1066,1082,1302],"infections.":[48,720],"Viral":[49],"disease,":[53,169,172,182,566],"particularly":[54],"that":[55,376,449,585,776,795,1026,1113,1126,1147,1202,1206,1228],"caused":[56,622],"syncytial":[59],"virus":[60,351,440,684,719,922,1291],"(RSV),":[61],"has":[62,263,276,333,362,382,858,946,1111],"long":[63,423,947,1289],"been":[64,228,265,277,363,384,860,948],"thought":[65,278],"result":[69,280,888],"exuberant":[72,587],"and":[73,82,92,124,287,341,357,412,443,452,490,540,571,625,710,761,830,838,908,943,983,991,1005,1068,1096,1166,1200,1218,1281,1324,1347,1375,1384,1411],"aberrant":[74],"pathogenic":[75,509,588,798,1140],"immune":[76,317,486,511,589,647,669,801,998,1141],"response.":[77,670],"However,":[78,1362],"logistically":[80],"elegant":[81],"detailed":[83,1106],"pathology":[87,368,378,447,1376],"fatal":[89,257,434,474,500,876,905],"RSV":[91,115,147,181,186,205,225,236,248,274,321,367,380,420,475,528,570,624,679,713,739,817,877,916,955,978,985,1033,1043,1062,1070,1109,1119,1173,1222,1229,1249,1253,1270,1330,1393],"influenza":[93,159,572,635,683,695,718,906,921],"infections":[94,134,680,714,1227,1250,1254,1331],"Welliver":[96,456,601,772,840,1051,1369],"et":[97,457,602,773,841,1052,1370],"al.":[98,458,603,774,842,1053],"[1]":[99],"in":[100,135,142,160,250,255,269,301,319,328,369,387,391,399,431,488,498,530,652,658,678,682,712,738,752,762,854,863,865,904,924,963,980,992,1030,1036,1045,1063,1080,1176,1235,1338,1378],"this":[101,113,213,256,302,307,461,925,1017,1179,1243,1310],"issue":[102,303],"Journal,":[105,306],"along":[106],"with":[107,153,165,185,234,419,433,448,496,526,628,634,639,717,755,764,874,920,1076,1115,1392],"other":[108,1012,1348],"studies,":[109,654],"changing":[112],"assumption.":[114],"infects":[116],"168%":[117],"birth":[120],"cohort":[121],"annually":[122,207],"[2]":[123],"is":[125,215,389,575,803,901,937,958,1023,1055,1127,1183,1188,1205,1292,1364],"most":[127,183,373],"common":[128],"cause":[129],"children":[136,201,1207,1390],"<1":[137],"year":[138],"age,":[140],"resulting":[141],"significant":[143,150,939],"morbidity":[144],"[3,":[145],"4].":[146],"also":[148,843,859,1245],"causes":[149],"mortality":[151,914],"[5],":[152],"rates":[154],"~10":[155],"times":[156],"those":[157,497,763],"for":[158,179,336,344,425,506,630,1088,1091,1100,1169,1283,1306],"infants":[161,164,184,356,388,418,432,469,615,632,661,689,754,873,1037,1046,1114,1277],"[6].":[162,928],"Although":[163,1178],"prematurity,":[166],"chronic":[167],"lung":[168,811,989],"congenital":[170],"heart":[171],"or":[173,403,730,1251,1257],"immunodeficiencies":[174],"are":[175,190,395,791,1028,1084,1208,1214,1233,1322],"at":[176,326,557,1085,1097],"increased":[177],"risk":[178,1087,1099],"severe":[180,451,595,766],"infection":[187,206,226,249,381,421,476,818,917,923,956,1004],"requiring":[188],"hospitalization":[189],"previously":[191],"healthy":[192],"[7,":[193],"8].":[194],"Worldwide,":[195],"as":[196,198,555,715,918,950,1136,1363,1405],"many":[197],"1":[199],"million":[200],"die":[203],"from":[204,281,467,872],"[9,":[208],"10].":[209],"clearly":[216,1143],"important.":[217],"Prevailing":[218],"concepts":[219],"immunopathogenic":[222,261],"nature":[223],"influenced":[229],"heavily":[230],"previous":[232],"experiences":[233],"vaccine-enhanced":[235],"[11\u201313],":[238],"which":[239,416,945,981,993,1242],"revealed":[240],"prominent":[242],"eosinophilic":[243],"pulmonary":[244,573],"infiltration":[245],"after":[246,563,1285,1290],"natural":[247],"unfortunate":[252],"vaccine":[253],"recipients":[254],"experiment.":[258],"prevailing":[260],"concept":[262],"since":[264],"perpetuated":[266],"findings":[268,519,970,1049,1213],"rodent":[270,964],"models":[271,965],"[14\u201316].":[272],"Thus,":[273],"exaggerated":[282],"Th2":[283],"cellular":[284],"responses":[285,487,495],"[17]":[286],"bystander":[289],"killing":[290],"effects":[291],"activated":[293],"cytotoxic":[294,510,546,646],"T":[295,547,778,799],"cells":[296,539,829,853,936],"[18].":[297],"As":[298],"pointed":[299],"out":[300],"dominant":[308],"focus":[309,1383],"on":[310,605],"putative":[312,723],"role":[313],"played":[314],"response":[318,512,590,648,802,999,1142],"causing":[320],"inaccurate,":[325],"least":[327],"infants.":[329,371,1177],"con":[331],"troversy":[332],"major":[334],"implications":[335,1168],"development":[338,1171],"prophylactic":[340],"therapeutic":[342],"strategies":[343],"RSV.":[345],"Despite":[346,1265],"importance":[348],"health":[354],"children,":[358,1323],"date":[360],"there":[361],"little":[364,1210],"The":[372,516,892,1239],"important":[374,1189],"reason":[375],"not":[383,397,514,733,783,804,902,961,1008,1190,1209],"studied":[385,1237],"directly":[386,1129,1377],"logistical":[390],"nature.":[392],"Lung":[393],"specimens":[394,466],"simply":[396,822],"available":[398],"United":[401],"States":[402],"Europe":[404],"because":[405,741],"availability":[408,479],"emergency":[410],"triage":[411],"mechanical":[413,481,1101],"ventilation":[414,1102],"systems,":[415],"keep":[417],"alive":[422],"enough":[424],"them":[426,627],"either":[427],"recover":[429],"or,":[430],"cases,":[435],"generally":[437,676],"clear":[438,1165],"while":[441],"overlaying":[442],"confusing":[444],"RSV-induced":[446,890],"late":[453,797],"barotrauma-induced":[454],"processes.":[455],"overcome":[460],"barrier":[462],"collecting":[464],"autopsy":[465],"Chilean":[468],"who":[470,616],"had":[471],"unfortunately":[472],"suffered":[473],"without":[477],"ventilation,":[482],"evaluating":[484],"their":[485,694,1069],"situ,":[489],"comparing":[492],"these":[493,745,1159,1193],"tissue":[494,871],"similar":[499,751,875],"cases":[501,878,907],"influenza.":[503],"Surprisingly,":[504],"evidence":[505,845,1015,1163,1182],"predicted":[508],"was":[513],"found.":[515],"authors'":[517],"iconoclastic":[518],"instead":[520],"describe":[521,607],"process":[524,1035],"associated":[525],"overwhelming":[527],"antigen":[529],"lungs":[532],"accompanying":[533],"massive":[534,847,893],"apoptotic":[535,896],"sloughing":[536,826,883,897,931],"distinct":[542],"relative":[543],"absence":[544],"cells.":[548],"Furthermore,":[549,721,1104],"deaths":[552],"were":[553,662,675,732,747],"reported":[554],"occurring":[556,1234],"mean":[559],"4":[561],"days":[562],"onset":[564],"time":[568,789],"when":[569],"nearing":[576],"its":[577,1423],"zenith.":[578],"timing":[580],"essentially":[581],"eliminates":[582],"possibility":[584],"contributing":[591],"substantially":[592],"might":[597],"occurred":[599],"later.":[600],"go":[604],"cytokine":[609,656,780],"profiles":[610,629],"series":[613],"survived":[617],"compare":[626],"surviving":[631,660,753],"infected":[633,933,1379,1391],"virus.":[636],"In":[637],"keeping":[638],"lack":[641],"robust":[644],"adaptive":[645,667,996],"suggested":[649],"situ":[653],"concentrations":[657,672,702,743,781],"RSV-infected":[659,688,828,850,1276],"indicative":[663],"blunted":[666],"cellmediated":[668],"Namely,":[671],"cytokines":[674,706,727,746],"than":[681,693],"infections,":[685,740,1223],"despite":[686,1334],"being":[690,1215],"more":[691,765,1128],"ill":[692],"virus\u2014infected":[696],"comparators.":[697],"included":[699],"significantly":[700],"certain":[704],"lymphocyte-derived":[705,726],"(interferon-\u03b3,":[707],"interleukin":[708],"[IL]\u201417,":[709],"IL-4)":[711],"compared":[716,919],"release":[724],"(either":[728],"Th1":[729],"Th2)":[731],"related":[734,1315],"severity":[737,1072,1123],"shown":[748,1112],"mild":[756],"(upper":[757],"tract)":[759,769],"(lower":[767],"disease.":[770,968,1156],"Finally,":[771],"demonstrate":[775,844],"lymphocyte":[779],"do":[782],"appear":[784],"increasing":[787],"over":[788],"actually":[792],"decreasing,":[793],"suggesting":[794],"cell\u2014mediated":[800],"developing.":[805],"A":[806,1195],"great":[807],"deal":[808],"functional":[812],"deficit":[813],"commonly":[814],"witnessed":[815],"during":[816],"can":[819,1402,1418],"explained":[821],"physical":[825],"RSV-positive":[831],"staining":[832],"debris":[833],"into":[834,898],"infants'":[836,1064],"airways":[837,900],"alveoli.":[839],"quantities":[848,1079],"epithelial":[852,881,935],"situ.":[855],"finding":[857],"recently":[861],"noted":[862,949],"detail":[864],"independent":[867,1160],"report":[868],"studying":[869,1373],"archival":[870],"[19].":[879],"cell":[882],"appears":[884],"apoptosis.":[891],"quantity":[894,1060],"seen":[903,962],"helps":[909],"explain":[911],"higher":[913],"age":[926],"group":[927],"Alongside":[929],"influx":[940],"neutrophils":[942],"macrophages,":[944],"hallmark":[952],"feature":[960],"These":[969,1212,1346],"combine":[971],"suggest":[973],"picture":[975],"rapid":[982],"profound":[984,1167],"replication":[986,1044,1135,1150],"induces":[987],"direct":[988,1018],"injury":[990],"effective":[995],"cell-mediated":[997],"fails":[1000],"curb":[1002],"indeed":[1006],"does":[1007],"even":[1009,1325],"develop.":[1010],"Several":[1011],"lines":[1013,1161],"support":[1016],"pathologic":[1019],"evidence.":[1020],"First,":[1021],"well":[1024],"known":[1025],"corticosteroids":[1027],"ineffectual":[1029],"altering":[1031],"[20].":[1038],"Second,":[1039],"dynamics":[1041,1110],"matches":[1047],"There":[1054],"correlation":[1057],"between":[1058],"secretions":[1067,1083],"[21,":[1073],"22].":[1074],"Infants":[1075],"greater":[1077,1086,1098,1121],"prolonged":[1089],"hospitalization,":[1090],"intensive":[1092],"care":[1093],"unit":[1094],"stay,":[1095],"[21].":[1103],"less-rapid":[1116],"clearance":[1117],"[23].":[1124],"Disease":[1125],"consequence":[1131],"uncontrolled":[1133],"opposed":[1137],"supports":[1144],"idea":[1146],"controlling":[1148],"could":[1151],"lead":[1152,1385],"reduced":[1154],"clinical":[1155],"Taken":[1157,1397],"together,":[1158],"antivirals,":[1174],"especially":[1175],"line":[1180],"becoming":[1184],"increasingly":[1185],"convincing,":[1186],"overinterpret":[1192],"findings.":[1194],"pediatrics,":[1199],"one":[1201],"applies":[1203,1246],"here,":[1204],"adults.":[1211],"demonstrated":[1216,1367],"in,":[1217],"apply":[1219],"to,":[1220],"primary":[1221],"types":[1225],"epidemiology":[1230],"would":[1231],"dictate":[1232],"patients.":[1238],"extent":[1240],"pathophysiology":[1244],"subsequent":[1248],"adults":[1256],"immunocompromised":[1258],"populations":[1259],"[24]":[1260],"remains":[1261],"elucidated.":[1264],"growing":[1267],"knowledge":[1268],"pathogenesis,":[1271],"intriguing":[1272],"questions":[1273,1349],"remain":[1274],"unanswered.":[1275],"continue":[1278,1394],"cough":[1280],"wheeze":[1282],"weeks":[1284],"acute":[1287],"infection,":[1288],"no":[1293],"longer":[1294],"able":[1295],"cultured":[1298],"fromtheir":[1299],"upper":[1300],"secretions.":[1303],"What":[1304],"accounts":[1305],"persistence":[1308,1318],"disease?":[1311],"Could":[1312],"[25,":[1319],"26]?":[1320],"Why":[1321],"adults,":[1326],"susceptible":[1327],"repeated":[1329],"throughout":[1332],"life":[1333],"few":[1335],"demonstrable":[1336],"changes":[1337],"antigens":[1341],"reinfecting":[1344],"strains?":[1345],"will":[1350],"likely":[1351],"answered":[1353],"using":[1355],"wide":[1357],"range":[1358],"investigative":[1360,1387],"approaches.":[1361],"so":[1365],"aptly":[1366],"al.'s":[1371],"article,":[1372],"humans":[1380],"always":[1382],"our":[1386],"efforts.":[1388],"Meanwhile,":[1389],"suffer.":[1396],"literally,":[1398],"word":[1400],"\u201cpathology\u201d":[1401],"translated":[1404],"suffering":[1409,1417],"(pathos),":[1410],"only":[1412],"through":[1413],"we":[1419],"hope":[1420],"achieve":[1422],"relief.":[1424]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
