{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2161430302","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/23.775530","title":"LGSO scintillation crystals coupled to new large area APDs compared to LSO and BGO","display_name":"LGSO scintillation crystals coupled to new large area APDs compared to LSO and BGO","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2161430302","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/23.775530","mag":"2161430302"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/23.775530","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/23.775530","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/23.775530","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S14279044","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science","issn_l":"0018-9499","issn":["0018-9499","1558-1578"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018788118","display_name":"Bernd J\u00fcrgen Pichler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6784-5524","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6784-5524"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802619606","display_name":"TUM Klinikum","ror":"https://ror.org/04jc43x05","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802619606","https://openalex.org/I62916508"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B.J. Pichler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universitat M\u00fcnchen, Munchen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universitat M\u00fcnchen, Munchen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802619606","https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053048077","display_name":"Guido B\u00f6ning","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0986-2929","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0986-2929"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089019","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/0079jjr10","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210089019"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Boning","raw_affiliation_strings":["Max-Planck Institut fur Physik (Werner-Heisenberg-Institut), Munchen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Max-Planck Institut fur Physik (Werner-Heisenberg-Institut), Munchen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089019"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085577749","display_name":"M. Rafecas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5691-7756","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5691-7756"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802619606","display_name":"TUM Klinikum","ror":"https://ror.org/04jc43x05","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802619606","https://openalex.org/I62916508"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Rafecas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universitat M\u00fcnchen, Munchen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universitat M\u00fcnchen, Munchen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802619606","https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004467784","display_name":"M. Schlosshauer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089019","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/0079jjr10","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210089019"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Schlosshauer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Max-Planck Institut fur Physik (Werner-Heisenberg-Institut), Munchen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Max-Planck Institut fur Physik (Werner-Heisenberg-Institut), Munchen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089019"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106633734","display_name":"Eckart Lorenz G","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089019","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/0079jjr10","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210089019"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Lorenz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Max-Planck Institut fur Physik (Werner-Heisenberg-Institut), Munchen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Max-Planck Institut fur Physik (Werner-Heisenberg-Institut), Munchen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089019"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110246781","display_name":"Sibylle I. Ziegler","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089019","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/0079jjr10","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210089019"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S.I. Ziegler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Max-Planck Institut fur Physik (Werner-Heisenberg-Institut), Munchen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Max-Planck Institut fur Physik (Werner-Heisenberg-Institut), Munchen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089019"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.1966,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92330003,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"46","issue":"3","first_page":"289","last_page":"291"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11216","display_name":"Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11216","display_name":"Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11637","display_name":"Advanced Semiconductor Detectors and Materials","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11044","display_name":"Particle Detector Development and Performance","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lso-scintillator","display_name":"LSO scintillator","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bgo-scintillator","display_name":"BGO scintillator","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/large-area-avalanche-photodiodes","display_name":"large area avalanche photodiodes","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-resolution","display_name":"energy resolution","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temporal-resolution","display_name":"temporal resolution","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-output","display_name":"light output","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-polishing","display_name":"mechanical polishing","score":0.546999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gamma-ray-imaging","display_name":"gamma-ray imaging","score":0.5099999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coincidence-timing","display_name":"coincidence timing","score":0.45100000500679016}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193265955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73116","display_name":"APDS","level":4,"score":0.8658181428909302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161694136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910990","display_name":"Scintillator","level":3,"score":0.8339856863021851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.7975486516952515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108649604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1065170","display_name":"Full width at half maximum","level":2,"score":0.785265326499939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109679912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175932","display_name":"Avalanche photodiode","level":3,"score":0.7699876427650452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102637530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3078889","display_name":"Scintillation","level":3,"score":0.7392922639846802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.5456909537315369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138268822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1051925","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","level":2,"score":0.4719005525112152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780330291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6710262","display_name":"Lyso-","level":4,"score":0.46995022892951965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113879476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61897384","display_name":"Photomultiplier","level":3,"score":0.4327084422111511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47663296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q718145","display_name":"Scintillation counter","level":3,"score":0.4309287667274475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.3940757215023041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.3337510824203491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/23.775530","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/23.775530","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/23.775530","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S14279044","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science","issn_l":"0018-9499","issn":["0018-9499","1558-1578"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1970250194","https://openalex.org/W1972590233","https://openalex.org/W2040443291","https://openalex.org/W2128129190","https://openalex.org/W2142850149","https://openalex.org/W2152692086","https://openalex.org/W2158011909"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2158011909","https://openalex.org/W4238559104","https://openalex.org/W2546621958","https://openalex.org/W2145704381","https://openalex.org/W1581939283","https://openalex.org/W2144857868","https://openalex.org/W1982000018","https://openalex.org/W4237375833","https://openalex.org/W2188013764","https://openalex.org/W2116996182"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"developments":[1],"of":[2,73,80,120,140,151,165,193],"large":[3,39,179],"area":[4,180],"avalanche":[5],"photodiodes":[6],"(APDs)":[7],"and":[8,33,44,54,65,79,100,131,158],"fast":[9],"scintillators":[10],"with":[11],"high":[12],"light":[13,71],"yield":[14],"offer":[15],"unique":[16],"advantages":[17],"for":[18,98,103,129,135,168,201],"imaging":[19],"applications.":[20],"To":[21],"test":[22],"possible":[23],"scintillator-APD":[24],"combinations,":[25],"3.7/spl":[26],"times/3.7/spl":[27],"times/12.0":[28],"mm/sup":[29,52,57],"3/":[30],"LGSO,":[31],"BGO":[32,74],"LSO":[34,87,99,130,169],"crystals":[35,141],"were":[36,68],"coupled":[37],"to":[38,86,148,184,209],"area,":[40],"low":[41],"capacitance,":[42],"round":[43],"rectangular":[45],"APDs":[46],"(5":[47],"mm":[48],"diameter,":[49],"3/spl":[50],"times/3":[51],"2/":[53],"5/spl":[55],"times/5":[56],"2/,":[58],"Hamamatsu,":[59],"Japan).":[60],"Light":[61],"output,":[62],"energy":[63,90,145,163],"resolution":[64,67,91,119,146,164],"time":[66,118],"compared.":[69],"The":[70,89,116,190],"output":[72],"was":[75,95,111,125,207],"about":[76,82],"86%":[77],"worse":[78,84],"LGSO":[81,104,136,194],"30%":[83],"compared":[85,147],"(100%).":[88],"at":[92,113],"511":[93],"keV":[94],"13.8/spl":[96],"plusmn/0.5%":[97,102,109,167],"15.1/spl":[101],"(FWHM).":[105,137],"For":[106],"BGO,":[107],"16.9/spl":[108],"(FWHM)":[110],"measured":[112],"662":[114],"keV.":[115],"coincident":[117],"two":[121],"opposing":[122],"single":[123],"detectors":[124],"2.7/spl":[126],"plusmn/0.2":[127,133],"ns":[128,134],"3.9/spl":[132],"Chemical":[138],"treatment":[139],"showed":[142],"an":[143],"improved":[144],"mechanical":[149],"polishing":[150],"more":[152],"than":[153],"1%,":[154],"providing":[155],"reduced":[156],"cost":[157],"less":[159],"processing":[160],"time.":[161],"An":[162],"10.7/spl":[166],"could":[170,187],"be":[171,188],"reached":[172],"after":[173],"chemical":[174],"etching.":[175],"With":[176],"the":[177,205],"new":[178],"APDs,":[181],"results":[182],"similar":[183],"PMT":[185],"readout":[186],"achieved.":[189],"scintillation":[191],"characteristic":[192],"makes":[195],"this":[196],"material":[197],"a":[198],"promising":[199],"candidate":[200],"APD":[202],"readout,":[203],"although":[204],"performance":[206],"inferior":[208],"LSO.":[210]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
