{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2161140417","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ingoj.9000020","title":"Child labour in the handicrafts home industry in Kashmir: a sociological study","display_name":"Child labour in the handicrafts home industry in Kashmir: a sociological study","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-09-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2161140417","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ingoj.9000020","mag":"2161140417"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2161140417","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ingoj.9000020","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://academicjournals.org/journal/INGOJ/article-abstract/490467240314","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306514096","display_name":"International NGO Journal","issn_l":"1993-8225","issn":["1993-8225"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321074","host_organization_name":"Academic Journals","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321074"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academic Journals"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International NGO Journal","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085350777","display_name":"Bilal Ahmad Bhat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9205-6121","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9205-6121"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bilal Ahmad Bhat","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9205-6121","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062947057","display_name":"Tareak A. Rather","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tareak A. Rather","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6969,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85453634,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"9","first_page":"391","last_page":"400"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11556","display_name":"Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare","score":0.9520999789237976,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3303","display_name":"Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11556","display_name":"Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare","score":0.9520999789237976,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3303","display_name":"Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14473","display_name":"Social and Economic Development in India","score":0.01489999983459711,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13762","display_name":"Education and Labor Relations","score":0.007699999958276749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/child-labor","display_name":"child labor","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kashmir","display_name":"Kashmir","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carpet-weaving","display_name":"carpet weaving","score":0.5910000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/papier-mache","display_name":"papier-m\u00e2ch\u00e9","score":0.9300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/child-health","display_name":"child health","score":0.4399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poverty","display_name":"poverty","score":0.5799999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/family-structure","display_name":"family structure","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parental-perceptions","display_name":"parental attitudes","score":0.6110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-discrimination","display_name":"gender discrimination","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/child-exploitation","display_name":"child exploitation","score":0.675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labor-law-enforcement","display_name":"labor law enforcement","score":0.5130000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relations-of-production","display_name":"relations of production","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tourism","display_name":"tourism","score":0.4970000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-rights","display_name":"human rights","score":0.5690000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/children-s-education","display_name":"children's education","score":0.4359999895095825}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145746218","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q877729","display_name":"Handicraft","level":2,"score":0.7512012124061584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.560693621635437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777464741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192571","display_name":"Child labour","level":3,"score":0.5350877642631531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110269972","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184872","display_name":"Recreation","level":2,"score":0.5169991254806519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189326681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10294","display_name":"Poverty","level":2,"score":0.5024383068084717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.3577684164047241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.34130799770355225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3303382992744446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2458876669406891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.1847647726535797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.18247315287590027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.16723179817199707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12446847558021545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2161140417","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ingoj.9000020","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://academicjournals.org/journal/INGOJ/article-abstract/490467240314","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306514096","display_name":"International NGO Journal","issn_l":"1993-8225","issn":["1993-8225"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321074","host_organization_name":"Academic Journals","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321074"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academic Journals"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International NGO Journal","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":1.0},{"display_name":"No poverty","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","score":0.8928999900817871},{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.46149998903274536}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W576543670","https://openalex.org/W588221490","https://openalex.org/W588779733","https://openalex.org/W618005460","https://openalex.org/W642060915","https://openalex.org/W655215251","https://openalex.org/W2329174157"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2072911878","https://openalex.org/W2621302289","https://openalex.org/W1480728083","https://openalex.org/W2763240729","https://openalex.org/W2144793388","https://openalex.org/W2301631932","https://openalex.org/W2137455972","https://openalex.org/W1510911232","https://openalex.org/W3044440707","https://openalex.org/W2986640021"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,29,137,194],"study":[1,33,68,138],"has":[2,56,69],"been":[3,35,135],"undertaken":[4],"among":[5],"child":[6,23,236],"labourers":[7,237],"in":[8,13,16,25,41,94,99,150,160,238],"the":[9,20,32,42,73,77,80,148,151,154,189,202,223,227,250],"handicrafts":[10],"home":[11],"industry":[12],"Kashmir":[14],"(2008),":[15],"order":[17],"to":[18,71,168],"establish":[19],"phenomenon":[21],"of":[22,31,44,76,79,85,105,123,129,180,187,191,205,222,231,235,249],"labour":[24],"its":[26,176],"proper":[27],"perspective.":[28],"objectives":[30],"have":[34,134],"fulfilled":[36],"by":[37,89],"projecting":[38],"appropriate":[39],"variables":[40],"process":[43],"data":[45,86,170],"analysis":[46,230],"and":[47,65,91,96,120,127,131,143,145,175,183,214,254,258,264],"discussion.":[48],"Any":[49],"social":[50,74],"problem":[51,78],"as":[52,60,108,185],"an":[53,219],"empirical":[54],"reality":[55],"various":[57],"aspects,":[58],"such":[59,107],"demographic,":[61],"economic,":[62],"geographic,":[63],"psychological":[64],"social.":[66],"This":[67,164],"tried":[70],"highlight":[72],"aspect":[75],"working":[81],"children":[82,159,207],"using":[83],"techniques":[84],"collection":[87],"accepted":[88],"sociologists":[90],"presenting":[92],"it":[93],"terms":[95],"concepts":[97],"used":[98],"sociological":[100],"writings.":[101],"A":[102],"wider":[103],"range":[104],"aspects":[106,234],"family,":[109],"economic":[110],"status,":[111],"parental":[112],"perception,":[113],"education,":[114,181],"gender":[115],"discrimination,":[116],"middle":[117],"men":[118],"dimension":[119],"exploitation,":[121],"relations":[122,251],"production,":[124],"cultural":[125],"acceptance":[126],"issues":[128],"health":[130,195],"recreation,":[132],"etc.":[133],"covered.":[136],"also":[139],"examines":[140],"existing":[141],"rules":[142],"regulations":[144],"pin":[146],"points":[147],"loopholes":[149],"laws":[152],"which":[153,200,217],"employers":[155],"exploit":[156],"while":[157],"engaging":[158],"their":[161],"business":[162],"units.":[163],"framework":[165],"was":[166],"applied":[167],"generate":[169],"on":[171,210,242],"family":[172],"structure,":[173],"poverty":[174],"indexes":[177,245],"including":[178],"level":[179],"occupation":[182],"health,":[184],"parameters":[186],"understanding":[188],"life":[190,203],"these":[192,206],"children.":[193],"conditions":[196],"are":[197,218],"bad":[198],"generally":[199],"affects":[201],"chances":[204],"who":[208],"work":[209],"carpets,":[211],"papier":[212],"mache":[213],"other":[215],"objects":[216],"integral":[220],"part":[221],"tourist":[224],"trade.":[225],"Infact,":[226],"careful":[228],"statistical":[229],"many":[232],"different":[233],"Kashmir,":[239],"with":[240],"focus":[241],"more":[243],"qualitative":[244],"gives":[246],"a":[247],"sense":[248],"between":[252,256,261],"town":[253],"country,":[255],"tourism":[257],"political":[259],"environments,":[260],"commerce,":[262],"consumption":[263],"human":[265],"rights.":[266]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}