{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2160967161","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.321.7269.1103","title":"Bleeding and pneumonia in intensive care patients given ranitidine and sucralfate for prevention of stress ulcer: meta-analysis of randomised controlled","display_name":"Bleeding and pneumonia in intensive care patients given ranitidine and sucralfate for prevention of stress ulcer: meta-analysis of randomised controlled","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-11-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2160967161","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.321.7269.1103","mag":"2160967161","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11061729","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/27516"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1136/bmj.321.7269.1103","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.321.7269.1103","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.321.7269.1103","pdf_url":"https://www.bmj.com/content/bmj/321/7269/1103.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S192814187","display_name":"BMJ","issn_l":"0959-8138","issn":["0959-8138"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319945","host_organization_name":"BMJ","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BMJ"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://www.bmj.com/content/bmj/321/7269/1103.full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018453933","display_name":"Andrea Messori","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5829-107X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5829-107X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115393","display_name":"Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi","ror":"https://ror.org/02crev113","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115393"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A Messori","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratorio SIFO di Farmacoeconomia, Centro Informazione Farmaci, Servizio Farmaceutico, Azienda Ospedaliera Careggi, 50134 Florence, Italy. md3439@mclink.it","Laboratorio SIFO di Farmacoeconomia, Centro Informazione Farmaci, Servizio Farmaceutico, Azienda Ospedaliera Careggi, 50134 Florence, Italy,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratorio SIFO di Farmacoeconomia, Centro Informazione Farmaci, Servizio Farmaceutico, Azienda Ospedaliera Careggi, 50134 Florence, Italy. md3439@mclink.it","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115393"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratorio SIFO di Farmacoeconomia, Centro Informazione Farmaci, Servizio Farmaceutico, Azienda Ospedaliera Careggi, 50134 Florence, Italy,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115393"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018453933"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115393"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.9783,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":249,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94915254,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"321","issue":"7269","first_page":"1103","last_page":"1103"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11681","display_name":"Nosocomial Infections in ICU","score":0.9545999765396118,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2706","display_name":"Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11681","display_name":"Nosocomial Infections in ICU","score":0.9545999765396118,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2706","display_name":"Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11378","display_name":"Gastrointestinal Bleeding Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.020800000056624413,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2715","display_name":"Gastroenterology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10858","display_name":"Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterology","score":0.005200000014156103,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranitidine","display_name":"ranitidine","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sucralfate","display_name":"sucralfate","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stress-ulcer-prophylaxis","display_name":"stress ulcer prophylaxis","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gastrointestinal-bleeding","display_name":"gastrointestinal bleeding","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospital-acquired-pneumonia","display_name":"nosocomial pneumonia","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intensive-care-unit-patients","display_name":"intensive care unit patients","score":0.8640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critically-ill-patients","display_name":"critically ill patients","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/h2-receptor-antagonists","display_name":"H2 receptor antagonists","score":0.8169999718666077}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776246392","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420394","display_name":"Sucralfate","level":2,"score":0.9747081995010376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777445857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423037","display_name":"Ranitidine","level":2,"score":0.8783859014511108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8578662872314453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27081682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269829","display_name":"Placebo","level":3,"score":0.8155084252357483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95190672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815382","display_name":"Meta-analysis","level":2,"score":0.7974624633789062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156957248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1862216","display_name":"Odds ratio","level":2,"score":0.7024335861206055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777914695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12192","display_name":"Pneumonia","level":2,"score":0.6536124348640442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776672619","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7623456","display_name":"Stress ulcer","level":2,"score":0.6489042639732361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.6216779351234436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.5742021799087524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61511704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671857","display_name":"Incidence (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.5267685651779175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.4491104185581207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90924648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569","display_name":"Gastroenterology","level":1,"score":0.35623234510421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000897","descriptor_name":"Anti-Ulcer Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000897","descriptor_name":"Anti-Ulcer Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003428","descriptor_name":"Cross Infection","qualifier_ui":"Q000139","qualifier_name":"chemically induced","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003428","descriptor_name":"Cross Infection","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006471","descriptor_name":"Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage","qualifier_ui":"Q000139","qualifier_name":"chemically induced","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006471","descriptor_name":"Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011014","descriptor_name":"Pneumonia","qualifier_ui":"Q000139","qualifier_name":"chemically induced","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011014","descriptor_name":"Pneumonia","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011899","descriptor_name":"Ranitidine","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011899","descriptor_name":"Ranitidine","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013276","descriptor_name":"Stomach Ulcer","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013392","descriptor_name":"Sucralfate","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013392","descriptor_name":"Sucralfate","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016032","descriptor_name":"Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1136/bmj.321.7269.1103","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.321.7269.1103","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.321.7269.1103","pdf_url":"https://www.bmj.com/content/bmj/321/7269/1103.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S192814187","display_name":"BMJ","issn_l":"0959-8138","issn":["0959-8138"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319945","host_organization_name":"BMJ","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BMJ"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:251332","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC27516","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:27516","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/27516","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:11061729","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11061729","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ (Clinical research ed.)","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1136/bmj.321.7269.1103","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.321.7269.1103","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.321.7269.1103","pdf_url":"https://www.bmj.com/content/bmj/321/7269/1103.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S192814187","display_name":"BMJ","issn_l":"0959-8138","issn":["0959-8138"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319945","host_organization_name":"BMJ","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BMJ"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Systematic Review","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review"},{"display_name":"Meta-Analysis","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/meta-analysis"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","display_name":"Wellcome Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/029chgv08"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2160967161.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2160967161.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W246400641","https://openalex.org/W1259583864","https://openalex.org/W1608335267","https://openalex.org/W1963539232","https://openalex.org/W1967449950","https://openalex.org/W1973117803","https://openalex.org/W1975120233","https://openalex.org/W1978627250","https://openalex.org/W1990279350","https://openalex.org/W2000097841","https://openalex.org/W2008616417","https://openalex.org/W2011378739","https://openalex.org/W2016447360","https://openalex.org/W2019725041","https://openalex.org/W2019944441","https://openalex.org/W2020375001","https://openalex.org/W2035064373","https://openalex.org/W2035146812","https://openalex.org/W2038043605","https://openalex.org/W2043794877","https://openalex.org/W2058514642","https://openalex.org/W2059747335","https://openalex.org/W2065712370","https://openalex.org/W2070708307","https://openalex.org/W2073060575","https://openalex.org/W2075250212","https://openalex.org/W2082238286","https://openalex.org/W2085994826","https://openalex.org/W2091105678","https://openalex.org/W2107328434","https://openalex.org/W2109134621","https://openalex.org/W2113444295","https://openalex.org/W2144724880","https://openalex.org/W2151795826","https://openalex.org/W2152957028","https://openalex.org/W2320350515","https://openalex.org/W2321823406","https://openalex.org/W2328451703","https://openalex.org/W2333886149","https://openalex.org/W2409749965","https://openalex.org/W2603349444","https://openalex.org/W2977262736","https://openalex.org/W3023390396","https://openalex.org/W4231073289","https://openalex.org/W6606501187"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7074003518","https://openalex.org/W2006877363","https://openalex.org/W90200219","https://openalex.org/W2102225584","https://openalex.org/W2019725041","https://openalex.org/W2016447360","https://openalex.org/W2151795826","https://openalex.org/W2321823406","https://openalex.org/W1973117803","https://openalex.org/W3146861959"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVES:":[0],"To":[1],"determine":[2],"the":[3,10,25,102,157,173,205,217,234,259,272],"effectiveness":[4,42,175],"of":[5,12,27,45,61,63,92,180,207,219,261,274,291],"ranitidine":[6,49,67,75,168,198,214],"and":[7,18,36,56,97,106,115,142,196,199,269,293],"sucralfate":[8,53,71,200,278],"in":[9,15,43,59,233,246,251,258,264,266],"prevention":[11,260],"stress":[13],"ulcer":[14],"critical":[16],"patients":[17,265],"to":[19,171,187,226,240,249],"assess":[20],"if":[21],"these":[22],"treatments":[23],"affect":[24],"risk":[26,273],"nosocomial":[28,64,98,208,220],"pneumonia.":[29,209,275],"DESIGN:":[30],"Published":[31],"studies":[32,114,193],"retrieved":[33],"through":[34],"Medline":[35],"other":[37],"databases.":[38],"Five":[39],"meta-analyses":[40],"evaluated":[41],"terms":[44,60],"bleeding":[46,96,181,263],"rates":[47],"(A:":[48],"v":[50,54,68,72,76],"placebo;":[51,69,73],"B:":[52],"placebo)":[55],"infectious":[57],"complications":[58],"incidence":[62,206,218],"pneumonia":[65,99,221],"(C:":[66],"D:":[70],"E:":[74,223],"sucralfate).":[77],"Trial":[78],"quality":[79,231],"was":[80,152,169],"determined":[81],"with":[82,108,212],"an":[83],"empirical":[84],"ad":[85],"hoc":[86],"procedure.":[87],"MAIN":[88],"OUTCOME":[89],"MEASURES:":[90],"Rates":[91],"clinically":[93],"important":[94],"gastrointestinal":[95,262],"(compared":[100],"between":[101],"two":[103],"study":[104],"arms":[105],"expressed":[107],"odds":[109,118],"ratios":[110],"specific":[111],"for":[112],"individual":[113],"meta-analytic":[116],"summary":[117],"ratios).":[119],"RESULTS:":[120],"Meta-analysis":[121,150],"A":[122,167],"(five":[123],"studies)":[124,131,138,146],"comprised":[125,132,139,147],"398":[126],"patients;":[127,134],"meta-analysis":[128,135,143,166,247,252],"C":[129,195],"(three":[130],"311":[133],"D":[136],"(two":[137],"226":[140],"patients:":[141],"E":[144,248],"(eight":[145],"1825":[148],"patients.":[149],"B":[151],"not":[153,280],"carried":[154],"out":[155],"as":[156,176],"literature":[158],"search":[159],"selected":[160],"only":[161],"one":[162],"clinical":[163],"trial.":[164],"In":[165,190,210],"found":[170],"have":[172],"same":[174],"placebo":[177,191],"(odds":[178],"ratio":[179],"0.72,":[182],"95%":[183],"confidence":[184],"interval":[185],"0.30":[186],"1.70,":[188,227],"P=0.46).":[189],"controlled":[192],"(meta-analyses":[194],"D)":[197],"had":[201],"no":[202],"influence":[203],"on":[204,277,288],"comparison":[211],"sucralfate,":[213],"significantly":[215],"increased":[216],"(meta-analysis":[222],"1.35,":[224],"1.07":[225],"P=0.012).":[228],"The":[229],"mean":[230],"score":[232],"four":[235],"analyses":[236],"(on":[237],"a":[238],"0":[239],"10":[241],"scale)":[242],"ranged":[243],"from":[244],"5.6":[245],"6.6":[250],"A.":[253],"CONCLUSIONS:":[254],"Ranitidine":[255],"is":[256],"ineffective":[257],"intensive":[267],"care":[268],"might":[270],"increase":[271],"Studies":[276],"do":[279],"provide":[281],"conclusive":[282],"results.":[283],"These":[284],"findings":[285],"are":[286],"based":[287],"small":[289],"numbers":[290],"patients,":[292],"firm":[294],"conclusions":[295],"cannot":[296],"presently":[297],"be":[298],"proposed.":[299]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":13}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}