{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2160800652","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/fns.2011.25064","title":"Polyphenol Oxidase Activity and Colour Changes of \u2018Starking\u2019 Apple Cubes Coated with Alginate and Dehydrated with Air","display_name":"Polyphenol Oxidase Activity and Colour Changes of \u2018Starking\u2019 Apple Cubes Coated with Alginate and Dehydrated with Air","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2160800652","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/fns.2011.25064","mag":"2160800652"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4236/fns.2011.25064","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/fns.2011.25064","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/fns.2011.25064","pdf_url":"http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperDownload.aspx?paperID=5794","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764451103","display_name":"Food and Nutrition Sciences","issn_l":"2157-944X","issn":["2157-944X","2157-9458"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320480","host_organization_name":"Scientific Research Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320480"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Scientific Research Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Food and Nutrition Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperDownload.aspx?paperID=5794","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085755508","display_name":"Susana Daniela Sousa Fernandes","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25169866","display_name":"Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa","ror":"https://ror.org/03b9snr86","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25169866"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Susana Daniela Sousa Fernandes","raw_affiliation_strings":["CBQF/Escola Superior de Biotecnologia da Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa, Rua Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida, Porto, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CBQF/Escola Superior de Biotecnologia da Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa, Rua Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida, Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25169866"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082841229","display_name":"Catarina Ara\u00fajo da Silva Ribeiro","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25169866","display_name":"Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa","ror":"https://ror.org/03b9snr86","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25169866"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Catarina Ara\u00fajo da Silva Ribeiro","raw_affiliation_strings":["CBQF/Escola Superior de Biotecnologia da Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa, Rua Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida, Porto, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CBQF/Escola Superior de Biotecnologia da Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa, Rua Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida, Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25169866"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101667298","display_name":"Maria Filomena de Jesus Raposo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2411-0410","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2411-0410"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25169866","display_name":"Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa","ror":"https://ror.org/03b9snr86","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25169866"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Filomena de Jesus Raposo","raw_affiliation_strings":["CBQF/Escola Superior de Biotecnologia da Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa, Rua Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida, Porto, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CBQF/Escola Superior de Biotecnologia da Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa, Rua Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida, Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25169866"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001506799","display_name":"Rui M. S. C. Morais","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5138-6941","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5138-6941"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25169866","display_name":"Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa","ror":"https://ror.org/03b9snr86","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25169866"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Manuel Santos Costa de Morais","raw_affiliation_strings":["CBQF/Escola Superior de Biotecnologia da Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa, Rua Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida, Porto, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CBQF/Escola Superior de Biotecnologia da Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa, Rua Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida, Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25169866"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007427554","display_name":"Alcina M. M. B. Morais","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1059-9649","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1059-9649"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25169866","display_name":"Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa","ror":"https://ror.org/03b9snr86","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25169866"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alcina Maria Miranda Bernardo de Morais","raw_affiliation_strings":["CBQF/Escola Superior de Biotecnologia da Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa, Rua Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida, Porto, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CBQF/Escola Superior de Biotecnologia da Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa, Rua Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida, Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25169866"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25169866"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3646,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64171857,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"02","issue":"05","first_page":"451","last_page":"457"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10650","display_name":"Food Drying and Modeling","score":0.9150000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10650","display_name":"Food Drying and Modeling","score":0.9150000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10473","display_name":"Postharvest Quality and Shelf Life Management","score":0.07940000295639038,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12048","display_name":"Microencapsulation and Drying Processes","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polyphenol-oxidase","display_name":"polyphenol oxidase","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/starking-apple","display_name":"Starking apple","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alginate-coating","display_name":"alginate coating","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hot-air-drying","display_name":"hot air drying","score":0.8560000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/browning","display_name":"browning","score":0.7210000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fruit-color","display_name":"fruit color","score":0.4300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enzymatic-browning","display_name":"enzymatic browning","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drying-temperature","display_name":"drying temperature","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/airflow-direction","display_name":"airflow direction","score":0.5870000123977661}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776338311","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q904493","display_name":"Polyphenol oxidase","level":4,"score":0.9270050525665283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53007507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2760809","display_name":"Browning","level":2,"score":0.9117230772972107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.7243629693984985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778769901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194290","display_name":"Dehydration","level":2,"score":0.7125635743141174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116067010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4698686","display_name":"Airflow","level":2,"score":0.6546164155006409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70899900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q290439","display_name":"Polyphenol","level":3,"score":0.5499477386474609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781448156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1570182","display_name":"Coating","level":2,"score":0.47393709421157837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.43070077896118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.42907586693763733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.42791983485221863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.14346709847450256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.10768473148345947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778004101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133948","display_name":"Antioxidant","level":2,"score":0.10230961441993713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.06969153881072998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.05803319811820984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162008176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q419305","display_name":"Peroxidase","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4236/fns.2011.25064","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/fns.2011.25064","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/fns.2011.25064","pdf_url":"http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperDownload.aspx?paperID=5794","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764451103","display_name":"Food and Nutrition Sciences","issn_l":"2157-944X","issn":["2157-944X","2157-9458"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320480","host_organization_name":"Scientific Research Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320480"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Scientific Research Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Food and Nutrition Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repositorio.ucp.pt:10400.14/7577","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/7577","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402433","display_name":"Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4236/fns.2011.25064","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/fns.2011.25064","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/fns.2011.25064","pdf_url":"http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperDownload.aspx?paperID=5794","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764451103","display_name":"Food and Nutrition Sciences","issn_l":"2157-944X","issn":["2157-944X","2157-9458"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320480","host_organization_name":"Scientific Research Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320480"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Scientific Research Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Food and Nutrition Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.6735000014305115}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","ror":"https://ror.org/00snfqn58"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2160800652.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2160800652.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522477883","https://openalex.org/W1964000163","https://openalex.org/W1973042406","https://openalex.org/W1998102642","https://openalex.org/W2002548578","https://openalex.org/W2004526847","https://openalex.org/W2004574183","https://openalex.org/W2016509828","https://openalex.org/W2022381397","https://openalex.org/W2027203449","https://openalex.org/W2033820774","https://openalex.org/W2048089292","https://openalex.org/W2050169590","https://openalex.org/W2067492279","https://openalex.org/W2088693438","https://openalex.org/W2092224770","https://openalex.org/W2096736357","https://openalex.org/W2097161564","https://openalex.org/W2111823027","https://openalex.org/W2118666852","https://openalex.org/W2123526631","https://openalex.org/W2153591257","https://openalex.org/W2164853637","https://openalex.org/W2171191067","https://openalex.org/W2479559303","https://openalex.org/W2503015917","https://openalex.org/W2589560478","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2340475387","https://openalex.org/W1783830056","https://openalex.org/W2353180787","https://openalex.org/W2007882862","https://openalex.org/W2092399989","https://openalex.org/W2060177770","https://openalex.org/W4293247725","https://openalex.org/W2075541522","https://openalex.org/W2931770135","https://openalex.org/W2493960823"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"objective":[1],"was":[2],"to":[3,132],"study":[4],"the":[5,53,69,72,78,82,98,120,148],"effect":[6],"of":[7,17,40,71,147],"alginate":[8],"coating":[9,86],"on":[10],"polyphenol":[11],"oxidase":[12],"(PPO)":[13],"activity":[14,67],"and":[15,47],"colour":[16,43],"\u2018Starking\u2019":[18],"apple":[19,122,150],"cubes":[20,27],"during":[21],"dehydration":[22,54,99],"with":[23,35,111],"hot":[24],"air.":[25],"Apple":[26],"were":[28,50,109],"dehydrated":[29],"at":[30,56,116,125],"20oC,":[31],"35oC,":[32],"or":[33],"40oC,":[34,117],"a":[36,62,112,144],"parallel":[37],"airflow.":[38],"Analysis":[39],"PPO":[41,66,89],"activity,":[42,90],"(L*,":[44],"a*,":[45],"b*)":[46],"dry":[48],"matter":[49],"performed":[51],"along":[52],"process":[55],"each":[57],"temperature.":[58],"All":[59],"samples":[60,96,108,135],"presented":[61,87],"peak":[63],"in":[64,68,123],"relative":[65],"beginning":[70],"drying.":[73],"Exponential":[74],"models":[75],"fitted":[76],"well":[77],"experimental":[79],"data":[80],"after":[81,118],"peak.":[83],"Cubes":[84],"without":[85],"lower":[88,92],"suggesting":[91],"browning,":[93,137],"than":[94],"coated":[95,107,134],"throughout":[97],"process,":[100],"for":[101,106,127],"all":[102],"temperatures.":[103],"Better":[104],"results":[105],"obtained":[110],"perpendicular":[113,140],"airflow":[114,141],"drying":[115,138],"dipping":[119],"whole":[121,149],"water":[124],"60oC":[126],"10":[128],"min.":[129],"In":[130],"order":[131],"prevent":[133],"from":[136],"by":[139,143],"preceded":[142],"thermal":[145],"treatment":[146],"is":[151],"required.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}