{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2160604484","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037//0021-843x.107.1.149","title":"Is left frontal brain activation in defensiveness gender specific?","display_name":"Is left frontal brain activation in defensiveness gender specific?","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2160604484","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037//0021-843x.107.1.149","mag":"2160604484","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9505047"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1037//0021-843x.107.1.149","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037//0021-843x.107.1.149","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1037//0021-843x.107.1.149","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S121947241","display_name":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology","issn_l":"0021-843X","issn":["0021-843X","1939-1846"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","erih-plus","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320262","host_organization_name":"American Psychological Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320262"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Psychological Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113574720","display_name":"John P. Kline","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John P. Kline","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, Washington University, Cheney, Washington 99004-2431, USA. jkline@ewu.edu","Department of Psychology, Washington University, Cheney, Washington 99004-2431, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Washington University, Cheney, Washington 99004-2431, USA. jkline@ewu.edu","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Washington University, Cheney, Washington 99004-2431, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057783269","display_name":"John J. B. Allen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3417-6720","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3417-6720"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John J. B. Allen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Psychology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Psychology","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033231097","display_name":"GARY E.R. SCHWARTZ","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8666-5473","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8666-5473"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gary E. Schwartz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Psychology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Psychology","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5215,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":77,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8974572,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"107","issue":"1","first_page":"149","last_page":"153"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12621","display_name":"Hemispheric Asymmetry in Neuroscience","score":0.9810000061988831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12621","display_name":"Hemispheric Asymmetry in Neuroscience","score":0.9810000061988831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10042","display_name":"Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies","score":0.007499999832361937,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10853","display_name":"Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes","score":0.002099999925121665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/defensiveness","display_name":"defensiveness","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-differences","display_name":"gender differences","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alpha-asymmetry","display_name":"alpha asymmetry","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/right-handedness","display_name":"right-handedness","score":0.5699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eysenck-personality-questionnaire","display_name":"Eysenck Personality Questionnaire","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coping-strategies","display_name":"coping strategies","score":0.503000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hemispheric-asymmetry","display_name":"hemispheric lateralization","score":0.6549999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/men-and-women","display_name":"men and women","score":0.5400000214576721}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.8629393577575684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187288502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641118","display_name":"Personality","level":2,"score":0.6477031111717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.5461822152137756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206637850","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2683032","display_name":"Eysenck Personality Questionnaire","level":5,"score":0.5190171003341675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73282008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1759895","display_name":"Coping (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5157794952392578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171508891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10927834","display_name":"Laterality","level":2,"score":0.45603927969932556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.4209638237953186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2865642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q378132","display_name":"Big Five personality traits","level":3,"score":0.25344377756118774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.1293436586856842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127816348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127588","display_name":"Extraversion and introversion","level":4,"score":0.10537591576576233}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000223","descriptor_name":"Adaptation, Psychological","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001143","descriptor_name":"Arousal","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001931","descriptor_name":"Brain Mapping","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003674","descriptor_name":"Defense Mechanisms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004292","descriptor_name":"Dominance, Cerebral","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005625","descriptor_name":"Frontal Lobe","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005783","descriptor_name":"Gender Identity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010555","descriptor_name":"Personality Inventory","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1037//0021-843x.107.1.149","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037//0021-843x.107.1.149","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1037//0021-843x.107.1.149","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S121947241","display_name":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology","issn_l":"0021-843X","issn":["0021-843X","1939-1846"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","erih-plus","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320262","host_organization_name":"American Psychological Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320262"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Psychological Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.1037/0021-843x.107.1.149","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843x.107.1.149","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843x.107.1.149","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S121947241","display_name":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology","issn_l":"0021-843X","issn":["0021-843X","1939-1846"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","erih-plus","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320262","host_organization_name":"American Psychological Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320262"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Psychological Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:9505047","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9505047","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of abnormal psychology","raw_type":"Comment"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Gender equality","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.6025999784469604},{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.428600013256073}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W349804945","https://openalex.org/W1485610731","https://openalex.org/W1969714532","https://openalex.org/W1974385758","https://openalex.org/W1990179180","https://openalex.org/W1999476183","https://openalex.org/W2005833507","https://openalex.org/W2037194155","https://openalex.org/W2048089018","https://openalex.org/W2050371496","https://openalex.org/W2084933647","https://openalex.org/W2096927676","https://openalex.org/W2101089952","https://openalex.org/W2143793766","https://openalex.org/W2415103913","https://openalex.org/W4241710964","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2081152785","https://openalex.org/W2134014468","https://openalex.org/W1998139308","https://openalex.org/W1969714532","https://openalex.org/W2081708570","https://openalex.org/W2016318521","https://openalex.org/W2051107562","https://openalex.org/W2024237839","https://openalex.org/W1965358853","https://openalex.org/W2081710505"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A.":[0],"J.":[1,5],"Tomarken":[2,68],"and":[3,44,69],"R.":[4],"Davidson":[6,70],"(1994)":[7],"reported":[8],"that":[9,72,87,99,105],"defensiveness":[10,73,109],"is":[11],"characterized":[12],"by":[13,54],"relative":[14,77,91],"left":[15,78],"frontal":[16,79,93],"brain":[17],"activation.":[18],"Because":[19],"they":[20],"examined":[21],"only":[22],"women,":[23],"gender":[24],"differences":[25],"in":[26,38,71,81],"this":[27],"relation":[28],"are":[29],"possible.":[30],"In":[31],"the":[32,55,106],"present":[33],"study,":[34],"resting":[35],"alpha":[36],"asymmetries":[37],"right-handed":[39],"men":[40,89],"(n":[41,46],"=":[42,47],"25)":[43],"women":[45],"60)":[48],"were":[49,63],"related":[50],"to":[51,65],"defensiveness,":[52],"measured":[53],"Eysenck":[56],"Personality":[57],"Questionnaire":[58],"L":[59],"scale.":[60],"These":[61,102],"results":[62,103],"similar":[64],"those":[66],"of":[67,108,119],"correlated":[74],"positively":[75],"with":[76],"activation":[80],"women.":[82,101],"An":[83],"unexpected":[84],"finding":[85],"was":[86],"high-defensive":[88],"showed":[90],"right":[92],"activation,":[94],"a":[95,111,117],"result":[96],"virtually":[97],"opposite":[98],"for":[100],"imply":[104],"nature":[107],"as":[110,116],"coping":[112],"strategy":[113],"may":[114],"vary":[115],"function":[118],"gender.":[120]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}