{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2160152089","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-62-2-268","title":"Insulin Internalization and Degradation in Adipocytes from Normal and Type II Diabetic Subjects*","display_name":"Insulin Internalization and Degradation in Adipocytes from Normal and Type II Diabetic Subjects*","publication_year":1986,"publication_date":"1986-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2160152089","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-62-2-268","mag":"2160152089","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3510222"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1210/jcem-62-2-268","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-62-2-268","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-62-2-268","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S205775358","display_name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism","issn_l":"0021-972X","issn":["0021-972X","1945-7197"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &amp; Metabolism","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022031182","display_name":"Albert Jochen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087413","display_name":"University of Colorado Health","ror":"https://ror.org/0107w4315","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087413"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"ALBERT L JOCHEN","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center Denver, Colorado 80262; Department of Medicine, University of California-San Diego La Jolla, California 92093","Department of Medicine, University of California-San Diego La Jolla, California 92093","Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center Denver, Colorado 80262"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center Denver, Colorado 80262; Department of Medicine, University of California-San Diego La Jolla, California 92093","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, University of California-San Diego La Jolla, California 92093","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center Denver, Colorado 80262","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087413"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020648679","display_name":"Paulos Berhanu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087413","display_name":"University of Colorado Health","ror":"https://ror.org/0107w4315","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087413"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"PAULOS BERHANU","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center Denver, Colorado 80262; Department of Medicine, University of California-San Diego La Jolla, California 92093","Department of Medicine, University of California-San Diego La Jolla, California 92093","Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center Denver, Colorado 80262"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center Denver, Colorado 80262; Department of Medicine, University of California-San Diego La Jolla, California 92093","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, University of California-San Diego La Jolla, California 92093","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center Denver, Colorado 80262","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087413"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091832115","display_name":"Jerrold M. Olefsky","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0392-1705","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0392-1705"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087413","display_name":"University of Colorado Health","ror":"https://ror.org/0107w4315","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087413"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"JERROLD M. OLEFSKY","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center Denver, Colorado 80262; Department of Medicine, University of California-San Diego La Jolla, California 92093","Department of Medicine, University of California-San Diego La Jolla, California 92093","Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center Denver, Colorado 80262"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center Denver, Colorado 80262; Department of Medicine, University of California-San Diego La Jolla, California 92093","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, University of California-San Diego La Jolla, California 92093","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center Denver, Colorado 80262","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087413"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3750},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.9442,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93653667,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":"2","first_page":"268","last_page":"274"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10528","display_name":"Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases","score":0.548799991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10528","display_name":"Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases","score":0.548799991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11457","display_name":"Adipose Tissue and Metabolism","score":0.15389999747276306,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10617","display_name":"Cellular transport and secretion","score":0.059700001031160355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1307","display_name":"Cell Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulin-internalization","display_name":"insulin internalization","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulin-degradation","display_name":"insulin degradation","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adipocytes","display_name":"adipocytes","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-2-diabetes","display_name":"type 2 diabetes","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chloroquine","display_name":"chloroquine","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lysosomal-degradation","display_name":"lysosomal degradation","score":0.5720000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulin-processing","display_name":"insulin processing","score":0.43799999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lysosomal-acid-phosphatase","display_name":"lysosomal acid phosphatase","score":0.44600000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulin-receptor-tyrosine-kinase","display_name":"insulin receptor tyrosine kinase","score":0.3869999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/irs-1","display_name":"IRS-1","score":0.35100001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/irs2","display_name":"insulin receptor substrate 2","score":0.6600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulin-receptor","display_name":"insulin receptor","score":0.9900000095367432}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139770010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1339807","display_name":"Internalization","level":3,"score":0.8982647657394409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777180221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3025883","display_name":"Type 2 diabetes","level":3,"score":0.6401318311691284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.6038042902946472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.5861802697181702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779679103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5251805","display_name":"Degradation (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.5633887648582458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779306644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2002370","display_name":"Insulin","level":2,"score":0.5305771231651306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.4357254207134247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776175234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q357519","display_name":"Adipocyte","level":3,"score":0.42571085691452026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3294604420661926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171089720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193583","display_name":"Adipose tissue","level":2,"score":0.23093551397323608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.12766322493553162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.06690245866775513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000273","descriptor_name":"Adipose Tissue","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002738","descriptor_name":"Chloroquine","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002850","descriptor_name":"Chromatography, Gel","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003924","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007328","descriptor_name":"Insulin","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011972","descriptor_name":"Receptor, Insulin","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012995","descriptor_name":"Solubility","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D066298","descriptor_name":"In Vitro Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1210/jcem-62-2-268","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-62-2-268","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-62-2-268","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S205775358","display_name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism","issn_l":"0021-972X","issn":["0021-972X","1945-7197"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &amp; Metabolism","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:3510222","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3510222","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9476000070571899,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5957917094","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BRSG-0537","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6521631715","display_name":"CELLULAR MECHANISMS OF INSULIN RESISTANCE","funder_award_id":"5r01am032880-03","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6970429513","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AM-25242","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W26512829","https://openalex.org/W123467347","https://openalex.org/W155374821","https://openalex.org/W164445204","https://openalex.org/W1540487569","https://openalex.org/W1553513611","https://openalex.org/W1965609036","https://openalex.org/W1974540301","https://openalex.org/W1983331209","https://openalex.org/W2006513370","https://openalex.org/W2013584331","https://openalex.org/W2016436803","https://openalex.org/W2046548573","https://openalex.org/W2061276724","https://openalex.org/W2078038994","https://openalex.org/W2092225525","https://openalex.org/W2110291358","https://openalex.org/W2116231571","https://openalex.org/W2120073172","https://openalex.org/W2133589019","https://openalex.org/W2143873575","https://openalex.org/W2146195489","https://openalex.org/W2147895920","https://openalex.org/W2153131519","https://openalex.org/W2163098588","https://openalex.org/W2171577805","https://openalex.org/W2883239271"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1550371002","https://openalex.org/W2013243229","https://openalex.org/W1525924070","https://openalex.org/W2051033530","https://openalex.org/W1966470768","https://openalex.org/W1995651320","https://openalex.org/W1981270305","https://openalex.org/W2096864633","https://openalex.org/W1874652436","https://openalex.org/W2143867064"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"studied":[1],"the":[2,54,92,109,118,136,163,213,291,294,305,357],"ability":[3],"of":[4,71,80,95,108,117,126,141,150,158,165,210,351,366],"isolated":[5],"adipocytes":[6,63,134,175,221,259,303,343,375],"from":[7,135,176,222,260,304,376],"normal":[8,62,180,226,261,292],"and":[9,16,29,36,103,168,195,247,282,320,363],"type":[10,377],"II":[11,378],"diabetic":[12,137,177,223,306,379],"subjects":[13,181,227,307],"to":[14,179,225,252,290],"internalize":[15],"process":[17],"[125I]insulin.":[18],"Adipocytes":[19],"were":[20,39,171],"incubated":[21],"with":[22,130],"[125I]insulin":[23],"at":[24,30,64,87,152,160,269,274,279,285,309,313,317,322,329,344],"16":[25,65],"or":[26],"37":[27,88,153,161,345],"C,":[28,66,89,162],"various":[31],"times":[32],"total":[33,72,110,142,166,244,352],"cell-associated,":[34],"surface-bound,":[35],"intracellular":[37,55,76,93,119,146,214,256,265,298,356,358,364],"insulin":[38,74,96,120,144,170,211,266,299,337,354,359,367],"quantitated":[40],"using":[41],"an":[42,253],"acid-barbital":[43],"extraction":[44],"technique":[45],"which":[46],"quickly":[47],"removes":[48],"cell":[49],"surface":[50],"insulin,":[51,246],"leaving":[52],"behind":[53],"insulin.":[56,112,132,257],"Insulin":[57],"internalization":[58,84],"was":[59,75,85,97,145,216,249,300],"slow":[60],"in":[61,174,212,220,255,297,302,341,374],"such":[67,90,347],"that":[68,91,122,336,348],"only":[69],"13%":[70],"cell-associated":[73,111,143,167,245,353],"after":[77,147],"2":[78],"h":[79],"incubation.":[81],"In":[82,133,258,288],"contrast,":[83],"rapid":[86],"pool":[94,128],"near":[98],"maximal":[99],"by":[100,267,272,277,283,368],"30":[101,148,270,310],"min":[102,149,157],"accounted":[104],"for":[105],"approximately":[106,139,349],"40%":[107],"Sephadex":[113],"G-50":[114],"column":[115],"chromatography":[116],"demonstrated":[121],"more":[123],"than":[124,193,205,237,327],"95%":[125],"this":[127,248],"coeluted":[129],"native":[131],"subjects,":[138,262],"45%":[140],"incubation":[151,159],"C.":[154],"After":[155],"60":[156,275,314],"percentages":[164],"surface-bound":[169],"significantly":[172],"lower":[173,219,301],"compared":[178,224],"[1.81":[182],"+/-":[183,189,197,201,229,233],"0.31%":[184],"(+/-":[185],"SEM)":[186],"vs.":[187,199,231],"2.92":[188],"0.24%":[190],"(P":[191,203],"less":[192,204,326],"0.05)":[194],"0.97":[196],"0.14%":[198],"1.72":[200],"0.15%":[202],"0.01),":[206],"respectively].":[207],"The":[208,239],"percentage":[209],"compartment":[215],"also":[217],"slightly":[218],"(0.84":[228],"0.19%":[230],"1.20":[232],"0.16%;":[234],"P":[235,325],"greater":[236],"0.05).":[238],"lysosomotropic":[240],"agent":[241],"chloroquine":[242,263],"increased":[243,264],"due":[250],"entirely":[251],"increase":[254,296],"32%":[268],"min,":[271,276,281,311,315,319],"89%":[273],"140%":[278],"90":[280,318],"178%":[284],"120":[286,323],"min.":[287],"comparison":[289],"adipocytes,":[293],"chloroquine-mediated":[295],"(-8.1%":[308],"37%":[312],"58%":[316],"63%":[321],"min;":[324],"0.05":[328],"all":[330],"time":[331],"points).":[332],"These":[333],"results":[334],"indicate":[335],"is":[338,355,360,372],"rapidly":[339],"internalized":[340],"human":[342],"C":[346],"half":[350],"largely":[361],"intact;":[362],"processing":[365],"a":[369],"chloroquine-sensitive":[370],"pathway(s)":[371],"impaired":[373],"subjects.":[380]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
