{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2159772201","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1110/ps.051936406","title":"Directed evolution of human T cell receptor CDR2 residues by phage display dramatically enhances affinity for cognate peptide\u2010MHC without increasing apparent cross\u2010reactivity","display_name":"Directed evolution of human T cell receptor CDR2 residues by phage display dramatically enhances affinity for cognate peptide\u2010MHC without increasing apparent cross\u2010reactivity","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2159772201","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1110/ps.051936406","mag":"2159772201","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16600963"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1110/ps.051936406","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1110/ps.051936406","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1110/ps.051936406","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1110/ps.051936406","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S156919612","display_name":"Protein Science","issn_l":"0961-8368","issn":["0961-8368","1469-896X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Protein Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1110/ps.051936406","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018966407","display_name":"Steven Mark Dunn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7402-9581","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7402-9581"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steven M. Dunn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Avidex Limited, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RX, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Avidex Limited, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RX, UK","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016792406","display_name":"P.J. Rizkallah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9290-0369","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9290-0369"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802015276","display_name":"Daresbury Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/0089bg420","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162524378","https://openalex.org/I2802015276","https://openalex.org/I4210087105"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pierre J. Rizkallah","raw_affiliation_strings":["CCLRC Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, WA4 4AD, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CCLRC Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, WA4 4AD, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802015276"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109125616","display_name":"Emma Baston","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emma Baston","raw_affiliation_strings":["Avidex Limited, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RX, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Avidex Limited, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RX, UK","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104089122","display_name":"Tara Mahon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8661-5705","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8661-5705"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tara Mahon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Avidex Limited, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RX, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Avidex Limited, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RX, UK","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086811457","display_name":"Brian Cameron","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian Cameron","raw_affiliation_strings":["Avidex Limited, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RX, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Avidex Limited, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RX, UK","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068344701","display_name":"Ruth K. Moysey","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruth Moysey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Avidex Limited, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RX, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Avidex Limited, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RX, UK","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055150810","display_name":"Feng Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7490-4887","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7490-4887"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feng Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Avidex Limited, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RX, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Avidex Limited, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RX, UK","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109249230","display_name":"Malkit Sami","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Malkit Sami","raw_affiliation_strings":["Avidex Limited, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RX, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Avidex Limited, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RX, UK","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046216629","display_name":"Jonathan M. Boulter","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan Boulter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Avidex Limited, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RX, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Avidex Limited, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RX, UK","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100421680","display_name":"Yi Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9976-518X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9976-518X","https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1915-8260","https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4354-0787"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Avidex Limited, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RX, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Avidex Limited, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RX, UK","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015290004","display_name":"Bent K. Jakobsen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bent K. Jakobsen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Avidex Limited, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RX, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Avidex Limited, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RX, UK","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015290004"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4480,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4480},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5304,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":111,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92254358,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"4","first_page":"710","last_page":"721"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11016","display_name":"Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research","score":0.4203999936580658,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11016","display_name":"Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research","score":0.4203999936580658,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10031","display_name":"T-cell and B-cell Immunology","score":0.28299999237060547,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12576","display_name":"vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches","score":0.13989999890327454,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/t-cell-receptor","display_name":"T cell receptor","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cdr2","display_name":"CDR2","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/directed-evolution","display_name":"directed evolution","score":0.7039999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phage-display","display_name":"phage display","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peptide-mhc-complex","display_name":"peptide-MHC complex","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tcr-affinity","display_name":"TCR affinity","score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mhc-binding","display_name":"MHC binding","score":0.44699999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shape-complementarity","display_name":"shape complementarity","score":0.7409999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tcr-mhc-interaction","display_name":"TCR-MHC interaction","score":0.6449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-reactivity","display_name":"cross-reactivity","score":0.6480000019073486}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19317047","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q412037","display_name":"T-cell receptor","level":4,"score":0.7971969842910767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207936829","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423163","display_name":"Major histocompatibility complex","level":3,"score":0.7082703113555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85630698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3826179","display_name":"Complementarity determining region","level":4,"score":0.6450668573379517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186268636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q896217","display_name":"Phage display","level":3,"score":0.5750460028648376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5668607354164124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779281246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172847","display_name":"Peptide","level":2,"score":0.5119673013687134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.4760698676109314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.4158509373664856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143065580","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3285695","display_name":"Mutant","level":3,"score":0.4127594530582428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776090121","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193529","display_name":"T cell","level":3,"score":0.3533865809440613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.33977437019348145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147483822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103537","display_name":"Antigen","level":2,"score":0.32972973585128784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167625842","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899763","display_name":"Peptide sequence","level":3,"score":0.298972487449646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.263719767332077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.2625075578689575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.18836596608161926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.16255107522010803}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000941","descriptor_name":"Antigens","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000941","descriptor_name":"Antigens","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000941","descriptor_name":"Antigens","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002461","descriptor_name":"Cell Line, Transformed","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002461","descriptor_name":"Cell Line, Transformed","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002461","descriptor_name":"Cell Line, Transformed","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007700","descriptor_name":"Kinetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007700","descriptor_name":"Kinetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007700","descriptor_name":"Kinetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008024","descriptor_name":"Ligands","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008024","descriptor_name":"Ligands","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008024","descriptor_name":"Ligands","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008285","descriptor_name":"Major Histocompatibility Complex","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008285","descriptor_name":"Major Histocompatibility Complex","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008285","descriptor_name":"Major Histocompatibility Complex","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008958","descriptor_name":"Models, Molecular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008958","descriptor_name":"Models, Molecular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008958","descriptor_name":"Models, Molecular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009419","descriptor_name":"Nerve Tissue Proteins","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009419","descriptor_name":"Nerve Tissue Proteins","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009419","descriptor_name":"Nerve Tissue Proteins","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010455","descriptor_name":"Peptides","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010455","descriptor_name":"Peptides","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010455","descriptor_name":"Peptides","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010455","descriptor_name":"Peptides","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010455","descriptor_name":"Peptides","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010455","descriptor_name":"Peptides","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011948","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011948","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011948","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011948","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011948","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011948","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011948","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011948","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011948","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011948","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011948","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011948","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013379","descriptor_name":"Substrate Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013379","descriptor_name":"Substrate Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013379","descriptor_name":"Substrate Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016693","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016693","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016693","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017434","descriptor_name":"Protein Structure, Tertiary","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017434","descriptor_name":"Protein Structure, Tertiary","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017434","descriptor_name":"Protein Structure, Tertiary","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018360","descriptor_name":"Crystallography, X-Ray","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018360","descriptor_name":"Crystallography, X-Ray","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018360","descriptor_name":"Crystallography, X-Ray","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019151","descriptor_name":"Peptide Library","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019151","descriptor_name":"Peptide Library","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019151","descriptor_name":"Peptide Library","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020349","descriptor_name":"Surface Plasmon Resonance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020349","descriptor_name":"Surface Plasmon Resonance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020349","descriptor_name":"Surface Plasmon Resonance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D022801","descriptor_name":"Complementarity Determining Regions","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D022801","descriptor_name":"Complementarity Determining Regions","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D022801","descriptor_name":"Complementarity Determining Regions","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D022801","descriptor_name":"Complementarity Determining Regions","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D022801","descriptor_name":"Complementarity Determining Regions","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D022801","descriptor_name":"Complementarity Determining Regions","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D022801","descriptor_name":"Complementarity Determining Regions","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D022801","descriptor_name":"Complementarity Determining Regions","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D022801","descriptor_name":"Complementarity Determining Regions","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1110/ps.051936406","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1110/ps.051936406","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1110/ps.051936406","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1110/ps.051936406","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S156919612","display_name":"Protein Science","issn_l":"0961-8368","issn":["0961-8368","1469-896X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Protein Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:16600963","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16600963","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2242494","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2242494","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Protein Sci","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1110/ps.051936406","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1110/ps.051936406","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1110/ps.051936406","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1110/ps.051936406","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S156919612","display_name":"Protein Science","issn_l":"0961-8368","issn":["0961-8368","1469-896X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Protein Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.46810001134872437}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2159772201.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2159772201.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W255996521","https://openalex.org/W1490640908","https://openalex.org/W1536522695","https://openalex.org/W1578973180","https://openalex.org/W1656802595","https://openalex.org/W1974988138","https://openalex.org/W1983760021","https://openalex.org/W1986216579","https://openalex.org/W1986354535","https://openalex.org/W1995138538","https://openalex.org/W1995541635","https://openalex.org/W1998488424","https://openalex.org/W2001641653","https://openalex.org/W2008557466","https://openalex.org/W2009073915","https://openalex.org/W2013083986","https://openalex.org/W2017483406","https://openalex.org/W2031011895","https://openalex.org/W2042174530","https://openalex.org/W2043080692","https://openalex.org/W2047224828","https://openalex.org/W2055579456","https://openalex.org/W2056034415","https://openalex.org/W2063333925","https://openalex.org/W2066471533","https://openalex.org/W2068872497","https://openalex.org/W2071704671","https://openalex.org/W2074167977","https://openalex.org/W2092249806","https://openalex.org/W2096154253","https://openalex.org/W2101553545","https://openalex.org/W2105381977","https://openalex.org/W2106582884","https://openalex.org/W2109432760","https://openalex.org/W2112997727","https://openalex.org/W2114569569","https://openalex.org/W2116117984","https://openalex.org/W2123823922","https://openalex.org/W2124170576","https://openalex.org/W2143078668","https://openalex.org/W2149653944","https://openalex.org/W2155740919","https://openalex.org/W2157417177","https://openalex.org/W2166925654","https://openalex.org/W2167927912","https://openalex.org/W2290394493","https://openalex.org/W2787919922","https://openalex.org/W4211059834"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2011835836","https://openalex.org/W2089872551","https://openalex.org/W1973836350","https://openalex.org/W2136036540","https://openalex.org/W2363023554","https://openalex.org/W2038509173","https://openalex.org/W2075125040","https://openalex.org/W3032468696","https://openalex.org/W2176905394","https://openalex.org/W2113488569"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"mammalian":[1],"alpha/beta":[2],"T":[3],"cell":[4],"receptor":[5],"(TCR)":[6],"repertoire":[7],"plays":[8],"a":[9,26,106,135,154],"pivotal":[10],"role":[11],"in":[12,22],"adaptive":[13],"immunity":[14],"by":[15],"recognizing":[16],"short,":[17],"processed,":[18],"peptide":[19],"antigens":[20],"bound":[21,92],"the":[23,37,68,79,86,91,113,128,139,158],"context":[24],"of":[25,30,44,53,75,110,119,127,138,147,160],"highly":[27],"diverse":[28],"family":[29],"cell-surface":[31],"major":[32],"histocompatibility":[33],"complexes":[34],"(pMHCs).":[35],"Despite":[36],"extensive":[38],"TCR-MHC":[39],"interaction":[40],"surface,":[41],"peptide-independent":[42],"cross-reactivity":[43],"native":[45],"TCRs":[46,162],"is":[47],"generally":[48],"avoided":[49],"through":[50],"cell-mediated":[51],"selection":[52],"molecules":[54],"with":[55,163],"low":[56,100],"inherent":[57],"affinity":[58,102],"for":[59,112],"MHC.":[60],"Here":[61],"we":[62],"show":[63],"that,":[64],"contrary":[65],"to":[66,83,97,157],"expectations,":[67],"germ":[69,148],"line-encoded":[70],"complementarity":[71,126],"determining":[72],"regions":[73],"(CDRs)":[74],"human":[76],"TCRs,":[77],"namely":[78],"CDR2s,":[80],"which":[81],"appear":[82],"contact":[84,131],"only":[85],"MHC":[87],"surface":[88],"and":[89,165],"not":[90],"peptide,":[93],"can":[94],"be":[95],"engineered":[96],"yield":[98],"soluble":[99],"nanomolar":[101],"ligands":[103],"that":[104,145],"retain":[105],"surprisingly":[107],"high":[108],"degree":[109],"specificity":[111],"cognate":[114],"pMHC":[115],"target.":[116],"Structural":[117],"investigation":[118],"one":[120],"such":[121],"CDR2":[122,130,150],"mutant":[123,129],"implicates":[124],"shape":[125],"interfaces":[132],"as":[133],"being":[134],"key":[136],"determinant":[137],"increased":[140],"affinity.":[141],"Our":[142],"results":[143],"suggest":[144],"manipulation":[146],"line":[149],"loops":[151],"may":[152],"provide":[153],"useful":[155],"route":[156],"production":[159],"high-affinity":[161],"therapeutic":[164],"diagnostic":[166],"potential.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-10-08T09:06:37.294493","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
