{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2159459088","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.21.3.7404","title":"Surface modification of austenitic steel by various glow-discharge nitriding methods","display_name":"Surface modification of austenitic steel by various glow-discharge nitriding methods","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-07-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2159459088","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.21.3.7404","mag":"2159459088"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5755/j01.ms.21.3.7404","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.21.3.7404","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.21.3.7404","pdf_url":"https://matsc.ktu.lt/index.php/MatSc/article/download/7404/6990","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174350","display_name":"Materials Science","issn_l":"1392-1320","issn":["1392-1320","2029-7289"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317509","host_organization_name":"Kaunas University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317509"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Kaunas University of Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Materials Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://matsc.ktu.lt/index.php/MatSc/article/download/7404/6990","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015797374","display_name":"Tomasz BOROWSKI","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5881-8380","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5881-8380"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108403487","display_name":"Warsaw University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00y0xnp53","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108403487"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tomasz Borowski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, ul. Woloska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, ul. Woloska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108403487"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064171777","display_name":"Bogus\u0142awa Adamczyk\u2010Cie\u015blak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1209-0256","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1209-0256"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108403487","display_name":"Warsaw University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00y0xnp53","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108403487"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bogus\u0142awa Adamczyk-Cie\u015blak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, ul. Woloska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, ul. Woloska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108403487"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025303428","display_name":"Agnieszka Brojanowska","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7794-3440","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7794-3440"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108403487","display_name":"Warsaw University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00y0xnp53","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108403487"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Agnieszka Brojanowska","raw_affiliation_strings":["Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, ul. Woloska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, ul. Woloska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108403487"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037845967","display_name":"Krzysztof Kulikowski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5524-7305","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5524-7305"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108403487","display_name":"Warsaw University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00y0xnp53","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108403487"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Krzysztof Kulikowski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, ul. Woloska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, ul. Woloska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108403487"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087898058","display_name":"Tadeusz WIERZCHON","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3491-7920","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3491-7920"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108403487","display_name":"Warsaw University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00y0xnp53","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108403487"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tadeusz Wierzcho\u0144","raw_affiliation_strings":["Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, ul. Woloska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, ul. Woloska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108403487"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108403487"],"apc_list":{"value":500,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":539},"apc_paid":{"value":500,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":539},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0922501,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"3","first_page":"376","last_page":"381"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13470","display_name":"Surface Treatment and Coatings","score":0.7890999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13470","display_name":"Surface Treatment and Coatings","score":0.7890999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12106","display_name":"Surface Treatment and Residual Stress","score":0.061900001019239426,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10642","display_name":"Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Applications","score":0.02850000001490116,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasma-nitriding","display_name":"plasma nitriding","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/austenitic-stainless-steel","display_name":"austenitic stainless steel","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/316l-stainless-steel","display_name":"316L stainless steel","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/active-screen-plasma-nitriding","display_name":"active screen plasma nitriding","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulsating-current","display_name":"pulsating current","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrided-layer-microstructure","display_name":"nitrided layer microstructure","score":0.8820000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-composition","display_name":"phase composition","score":0.5839999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface-roughness","display_name":"surface roughness","score":0.7310000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardness","display_name":"hardness","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wear-resistance","display_name":"wear resistance","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corrosion-resistance","display_name":"corrosion resistance","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-effects","display_name":"edge effects","score":0.6259999871253967}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13862629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q720899","display_name":"Nitriding","level":3,"score":0.984772264957428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.8193632364273071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.7328251600265503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96288455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q487286","display_name":"Austenite","level":3,"score":0.7066522836685181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205871581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15152527","display_name":"Cathodic protection","level":4,"score":0.6232998371124268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87976508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1498213","display_name":"Microstructure","level":2,"score":0.5969322919845581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776595061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1427934","display_name":"Glow discharge","level":3,"score":0.5890777111053467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779229422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3604146","display_name":"Austenitic stainless steel","level":3,"score":0.5788892507553101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82706917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10251","display_name":"Plasma","level":2,"score":0.5609294176101685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114375839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207456","display_name":"Electric arc","level":3,"score":0.47728434205055237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200070095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1297687","display_name":"Structural material","level":2,"score":0.42714327573776245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18747287","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q488950","display_name":"Martensite","level":3,"score":0.4261249899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.42574673891067505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.22283291816711426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20625102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q137056","display_name":"Corrosion","level":2,"score":0.08598923683166504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89395315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181232","display_name":"Anode","level":3,"score":0.07731613516807556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17525397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140","display_name":"Electrode","level":2,"score":0.07225111126899719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5755/j01.ms.21.3.7404","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.21.3.7404","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.21.3.7404","pdf_url":"https://matsc.ktu.lt/index.php/MatSc/article/download/7404/6990","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174350","display_name":"Materials Science","issn_l":"1392-1320","issn":["1392-1320","2029-7289"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317509","host_organization_name":"Kaunas University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317509"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Kaunas University of Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Materials Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8f454927170b4cb88c6ef57d3366f2a6","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8f454927170b4cb88c6ef57d3366f2a6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Med\u017eiagotyra, Vol 21, Iss 3, Pp 376-381 (2015)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5755/j01.ms.21.3.7404","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.21.3.7404","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.21.3.7404","pdf_url":"https://matsc.ktu.lt/index.php/MatSc/article/download/7404/6990","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174350","display_name":"Materials Science","issn_l":"1392-1320","issn":["1392-1320","2029-7289"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317509","host_organization_name":"Kaunas University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317509"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Kaunas University of Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Materials Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2159459088.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2159459088.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964585571","https://openalex.org/W1966571600","https://openalex.org/W1996045467","https://openalex.org/W2000678573","https://openalex.org/W2009895764","https://openalex.org/W2010476055","https://openalex.org/W2011285882","https://openalex.org/W2019434413","https://openalex.org/W2031073095","https://openalex.org/W2049356824","https://openalex.org/W2074663441","https://openalex.org/W2078212471","https://openalex.org/W6600013530","https://openalex.org/W6602215214"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2189612506","https://openalex.org/W2089310536","https://openalex.org/W1999900070","https://openalex.org/W1860388717","https://openalex.org/W2921587878","https://openalex.org/W4224316028","https://openalex.org/W2034034972","https://openalex.org/W192918907","https://openalex.org/W2006781229","https://openalex.org/W2076659332"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"years":[1],"have":[2,99,112,300],"seen":[3],"intensive":[4],"research":[5],"on":[6,210,232,317],"modifying":[7],"glow-discharge":[8,17,243,269],"nitriding":[9,22,72,184,202,244,309],"processes.":[10],"One":[11,39],"of":[12,31,37,44,50,62,71,107,136,193,207,213,219,228,242,284,305,308,313,322],"the":[13,51,59,63,69,105,116,134,141,165,205,211,214,240,306,314,318,323],"most":[14],"commonly":[15],"used":[16,311],"methods":[18,33,98],"includes":[19,68],"cathodic":[20,186,246,253],"potential":[21,250,254],"(conventional":[23],"method),":[24],"and":[25,54,58,153,204,216,251,271,288,296,312,320],"active":[26,137,179,257],"screen":[27,138,180],"plasma":[28,109,139,183,249],"nitriding.":[29],"Each":[30],"these":[32,45,97,174,200],"has":[34],"a":[35,191,197,226,302],"number":[36],"advantages.":[38],"very":[40],"important,":[41],"common":[42],"feature":[43],"techniques":[46],"is":[47,150,154,169,190],"full":[48],"control":[49],"microstructure,":[52,286],"chemical":[53,289],"phase":[55,287],"composition,":[56,290],"thickness":[57],"surface":[60,292],"topography":[61],"layers":[64,162,230,279,325],"formed.":[65],"Another":[66],"advantage":[67],"possibility":[70],"such":[73],"materials":[74,83],"as:":[75],"austenitic":[76,220,233],"steels":[77],"or":[78,93],"nickel":[79],"alloys,":[80],"i.e.":[81,176],"metallic":[82],"which":[84,119],"do":[85],"not":[86,155],"diffuse":[87],"nitrogen":[88],"as":[89,91,102,156],"effectively":[90],"ferritic":[92],"martensitic":[94],"steels.":[95],"However,":[96,188],"some":[100],"disadvantages":[101],"well.":[103],"In":[104,131],"case":[106,135],"conventional":[108,166,182],"nitriding,":[110,140],"engineers":[111],"to":[113,123,158,161,172],"deal":[114],"with":[115],"edge":[117],"effect,":[118],"makes":[120],"it":[121],"difficult":[122],"use":[124,177],"this":[125],"method":[126,310],"for":[127],"complexly":[128],"shaped":[129],"components.":[130],"turn,":[132],"in":[133,181,239,272,282],"problem":[142],"disappears.":[143],"A":[144],"uniform,":[145],"smooth":[146],"layer":[147],"forms,":[148],"but":[149],"thinner,":[151],"softer":[152],"resistant":[157],"friction":[159],"compared":[160],"formed":[163],"using":[164],"method.":[167],"Research":[168],"also":[170],"underway":[171],"combine":[173],"methods,":[175],"an":[178,256],"at":[185,245,248,252,264],"potential.":[187],"there":[189],"lack":[192],"comprehensive":[194],"data":[195],"presenting":[196],"comparison":[198],"between":[199],"three":[201],"processes":[203,260],"impact":[206],"pulsating":[208,276],"current":[209],"formation":[212],"microstructure":[215,319],"functional":[217],"properties":[218,321],"steel":[221,238],"surfaces.":[222],"The":[223,278],"article":[224],"presents":[225],"characterisation":[227],"nitrided":[229],"produced":[231],"X2CrNiMo17-12-2":[234],"(AISI":[235],"316L)":[236],"stainless":[237],"course":[241],"potential,":[247],"incorporating":[255],"screen.":[258],"All":[259],"were":[261,280],"carried":[262],"out":[263],"440":[265],"\u00b0C":[266],"under":[267],"DC":[268],"conditions":[270,316],"100":[273],"kHz":[274],"frequency":[275],"current.":[277],"examined":[281],"terms":[283],"their":[285],"morphology,":[291],"roughness,":[293],"hardness,":[294],"wear":[295],"corrosion":[297],"resistance.":[298],"Studies":[299],"shown":[301],"strong":[303],"influence":[304],"type":[307],"electrical":[315],"diffusion":[324],"formed.DOI:":[326],"http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.21.3.7404":[327]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}