{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2159449208","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3109/10826089709055867","title":"Drug Use in Nepal: The View from the Street","display_name":"Drug Use in Nepal: The View from the Street","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2159449208","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3109/10826089709055867","mag":"2159449208","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9220565"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3109/10826089709055867","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3109/10826089709055867","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3109/10826089709055867","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S131590804","display_name":"Substance Use & Misuse","issn_l":"1082-6084","issn":["1082-6084","1532-2491"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Substance Use & Misuse","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048232841","display_name":"Joel M. Jutkowitz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joel M. Jutkowitz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Development Associates Incorporated, Arlington, Virginia 22209-2009, USA","Development Associates Incorporated, 1730 North Lynn Street, Arlington, Virginia, 22209-2009, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Development Associates Incorporated, Arlington, Virginia 22209-2009, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Development Associates Incorporated, 1730 North Lynn Street, Arlington, Virginia, 22209-2009, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087427734","display_name":"Hans Spielmann","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hans Spielmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Development Associates Incorporated, 1730 North Lynn Street, Arlington, Virginia, 22209-2009, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Development Associates Incorporated, 1730 North Lynn Street, Arlington, Virginia, 22209-2009, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ulrich Koehler","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ulrich Koehler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Development Associates Incorporated, 1730 North Lynn Street, Arlington, Virginia, 22209-2009, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Development Associates Incorporated, 1730 North Lynn Street, Arlington, Virginia, 22209-2009, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055251786","display_name":"Jagdish Lohani","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jagdish Lohani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Development Associates Incorporated, 1730 North Lynn Street, Arlington, Virginia, 22209-2009, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Development Associates Incorporated, 1730 North Lynn Street, Arlington, Virginia, 22209-2009, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Anil Pande","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anil Pande","raw_affiliation_strings":["Development Associates Incorporated, 1730 North Lynn Street, Arlington, Virginia, 22209-2009, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Development Associates Incorporated, 1730 North Lynn Street, Arlington, Virginia, 22209-2009, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.3301418,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"7-8","first_page":"987","last_page":"1004"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12842","display_name":"Youth, Drugs, and Violence","score":0.7705000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12842","display_name":"Youth, Drugs, and Violence","score":0.7705000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11860","display_name":"HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk","score":0.14139999449253082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10043","display_name":"Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes","score":0.05959999933838844,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heroin-use","display_name":"heroin use","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-use-initiation","display_name":"drug initiation","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/street-children","display_name":"street children","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/displaced-persons","display_name":"displaced persons","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personality-traits","display_name":"personality traits","score":0.6240000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peer-influence","display_name":"peer influence","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cannabis-use","display_name":"cannabis use","score":0.4779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-poverty","display_name":"urban poverty","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-policy","display_name":"drug policy","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kathmandu","display_name":"Kathmandu","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nepal","display_name":"Nepal","score":0.8579999804496765}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778903686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60168","display_name":"Heroin","level":3,"score":0.597998857498169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780068402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33823","display_name":"Nepali","level":2,"score":0.5415186882019043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189326681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10294","display_name":"Poverty","level":2,"score":0.5078559517860413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5003280639648438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73484699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733","display_name":"Criminology","level":1,"score":0.4169728457927704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.4115484654903412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3438958525657654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2579253017902374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.21544456481933594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780035454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8386","display_name":"Drug","level":2,"score":0.13035759329795837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003906","descriptor_name":"Developing Countries","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006556","descriptor_name":"Heroin Dependence","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006556","descriptor_name":"Heroin Dependence","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006703","descriptor_name":"Ill-Housed Persons","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006703","descriptor_name":"Ill-Housed Persons","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008019","descriptor_name":"Life Style","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009390","descriptor_name":"Nepal","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012931","descriptor_name":"Social Environment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000635","qualifier_name":"transmission","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015819","descriptor_name":"Substance Abuse, Intravenous","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015819","descriptor_name":"Substance Abuse, Intravenous","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015994","descriptor_name":"Incidence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018453","descriptor_name":"Homeless Youth","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018453","descriptor_name":"Homeless Youth","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3109/10826089709055867","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3109/10826089709055867","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3109/10826089709055867","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S131590804","display_name":"Substance Use & Misuse","issn_l":"1082-6084","issn":["1082-6084","1532-2491"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Substance Use & Misuse","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:9220565","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9220565","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Substance use & misuse","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9537000060081482,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","score":0.6100000143051147,"display_name":"No poverty"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306113","display_name":"U.S. Department of State","ror":"https://ror.org/03vvynj75"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306115","display_name":"United States Agency for International Development","ror":"https://ror.org/01n6e6j62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W611430335","https://openalex.org/W1545662249","https://openalex.org/W1976994244","https://openalex.org/W1984345629","https://openalex.org/W2065001110","https://openalex.org/W2065935835","https://openalex.org/W2331996485","https://openalex.org/W2394917350","https://openalex.org/W2414006248","https://openalex.org/W2798025644","https://openalex.org/W4388227537"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2036337120","https://openalex.org/W2031495443","https://openalex.org/W74492071","https://openalex.org/W2049883991","https://openalex.org/W3209986874","https://openalex.org/W2094993872","https://openalex.org/W2777937058","https://openalex.org/W2111547504","https://openalex.org/W2078655125","https://openalex.org/W186001918"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"uses":[2],"qualitative":[3],"research":[4],"techniques":[5],"to":[6,98,133],"examine":[7],"heroin":[8,19],"use":[9,44,62],"in":[10,21,45,84,131,153],"Nepal.":[11],"It":[12],"explores":[13],"the":[14,23,41,72,85,99,103,115,123,126,142,146,154],"life":[15],"histories":[16],"of":[17,43,59,63,76,93,106,108,117,125,141,157],"16":[18],"users":[20],"Kathmandu,":[22],"country's":[24],"capital,":[25],"emphasizing":[26],"those":[27],"who":[28,33],"are":[29,34,82],"street":[30],"children":[31],"or":[32,67],"otherwise":[35],"displaced.":[36],"The":[37,129],"cases":[38],"document":[39],"that":[40,158],"initiation":[42],"Nepal":[46,132],"is":[47,122],"a":[48,90,139],"complex":[49],"process":[50],"which":[51],"includes:":[52],"certain":[53,111],"personality":[54,149],"traits;":[55],"an":[56],"early":[57],"history":[58],"culturally":[60],"acceptable":[61],"alcohol,":[64],"tobacco,":[65],"marijuana,":[66],"hashish;":[68],"peer":[69],"influence;":[70],"and":[71,114,150],"specific":[73,97],"social":[74,151],"setting":[75,152],"users.":[77],"Outside":[78],"(i.e.,":[79],"foreign)":[80],"influences":[81],"included":[83],"mix,":[86],"but":[87],"never":[88],"as":[89],"single":[91],"determinant":[92],"drug":[94],"use.":[95],"Factors":[96],"Nepali":[100],"scene":[101],"include":[102],"traditional":[104],"association":[105],"forms":[107],"marijuana":[109],"with":[110,135],"religious":[112],"contexts":[113],"availability":[116],"heroin.":[118],"An":[119],"additional":[120],"factor":[121],"poverty":[124],"urban":[127],"setting.":[128],"approach":[130],"dealing":[134],"drugs":[136],"primarily":[137],"involves":[138],"realization":[140],"role":[143],"played":[144],"by":[145],"interaction":[147],"between":[148],"fullest":[155],"meaning":[156],"term.":[159]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}