{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2157885232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jla.2011.0014","title":"Multiple Voices in Chronicle Sources: The Reign of Leo I (457\u2013474) in Book Fourteen of Malalas","display_name":"Multiple Voices in Chronicle Sources: The Reign of Leo I (457\u2013474) in Book Fourteen of Malalas","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2157885232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jla.2011.0014","mag":"2157885232"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1353/jla.2011.0014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jla.2011.0014","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jla.2011.0014","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87634573","display_name":"Journal of late antiquity","issn_l":"1939-6716","issn":["1939-6716","1942-1273"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315678","host_organization_name":"Johns Hopkins University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315678","https://openalex.org/P4310316510"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Johns Hopkins University Press","Johns Hopkins University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Late Antiquity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016630056","display_name":"Philip Wood","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Philip Wood","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016630056"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.28667586,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"2","first_page":"298","last_page":"314"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12266","display_name":"Byzantine Studies and History","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1205","display_name":"Classics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12266","display_name":"Byzantine Studies and History","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1205","display_name":"Classics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10165","display_name":"Classical Antiquity Studies","score":0.008100000210106373,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14451","display_name":"Historical and Religious Studies of Rome","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malalas","display_name":"Malalas","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leo-i","display_name":"Leo I","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/late-roman-historiography","display_name":"late Roman historiography","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/roman-identity","display_name":"Roman identity","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/barbarian-identity","display_name":"barbarian identity","score":0.4390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-propaganda","display_name":"political propaganda","score":0.4580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/5th-century","display_name":"5th century","score":0.4320000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/byzantine-empire","display_name":"Byzantine Empire","score":0.4749999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/procopius","display_name":"Procopius","score":0.48899999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constantinople","display_name":"Constantinople","score":0.5450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/byzantine-historiography","display_name":"Byzantine historiography","score":0.3709999918937683}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777228553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310094","display_name":"Reign","level":3,"score":0.9365586042404175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29598333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50675","display_name":"Historiography","level":2,"score":0.7697210311889648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.6851694583892822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199033989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318295","display_name":"Narrative","level":2,"score":0.5340852737426758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780469804","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q878352","display_name":"Rumor","level":2,"score":0.4663948714733124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.44618716835975647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195244886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493","display_name":"Ancient history","level":1,"score":0.43513792753219604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781291010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178580","display_name":"Period (music)","level":2,"score":0.4319894313812256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51575053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72468","display_name":"Bureaucracy","level":3,"score":0.4317285418510437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.41898128390312195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.41850149631500244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74916050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841090","display_name":"Classics","level":1,"score":0.41015857458114624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.22261860966682434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.2154323160648346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.18461069464683533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.09121569991111755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107038049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986","display_name":"Aesthetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1353/jla.2011.0014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jla.2011.0014","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jla.2011.0014","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87634573","display_name":"Journal of late antiquity","issn_l":"1939-6716","issn":["1939-6716","1942-1273"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315678","host_organization_name":"Johns Hopkins University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315678","https://openalex.org/P4310316510"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Johns Hopkins University Press","Johns Hopkins University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Late Antiquity","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:muse.jhu.edu:/article/461575","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://muse.jhu.edu/article/461575","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196299","display_name":"Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","host_organization_name":"Johns Hopkins University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.7400000095367432,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W358584125","https://openalex.org/W364504018","https://openalex.org/W572855663","https://openalex.org/W584701541","https://openalex.org/W587053320","https://openalex.org/W602425224","https://openalex.org/W1524597974","https://openalex.org/W1599468968","https://openalex.org/W1604037214","https://openalex.org/W1971998437","https://openalex.org/W1977366389","https://openalex.org/W1997755867","https://openalex.org/W2002574017","https://openalex.org/W2009333226","https://openalex.org/W2012077420","https://openalex.org/W2019495123","https://openalex.org/W2023515602","https://openalex.org/W2040605648","https://openalex.org/W2063845797","https://openalex.org/W2067676921","https://openalex.org/W2068187649","https://openalex.org/W2081698486","https://openalex.org/W2146000934","https://openalex.org/W2341962330","https://openalex.org/W2460078323","https://openalex.org/W2497639255","https://openalex.org/W2526263489","https://openalex.org/W2796527907","https://openalex.org/W2797882711","https://openalex.org/W2807834160","https://openalex.org/W2904629550","https://openalex.org/W3163733982"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2952508226","https://openalex.org/W3103538741","https://openalex.org/W604845436","https://openalex.org/W7053762064","https://openalex.org/W4402376536","https://openalex.org/W4255487512","https://openalex.org/W4236893126","https://openalex.org/W2503999056","https://openalex.org/W7000930521","https://openalex.org/W4240318983"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Multiple":[0],"Voices":[1],"in":[2,11,37,40,44,50,97,113,140,276,329,349,354,429,471,515,608],"Chronicle":[3,19,272,382,428],"Sources:":[4],"The":[5,132,193,220],"Reign":[6],"of":[7,14,29,47,60,71,82,100,104,116,124,134,164,232,236,239,262,283,296,301,312,315,332,345,388,426,440,447,455,476,504,542,549,555,576,586,623,639,644,678],"Leo":[8,335,358],"I":[9,306,336,340,436],"(457\u2013474)":[10],"Book":[12],"Fourteen":[13],"Malalas":[15,92,202,377,470,635],"Philip":[16],"Wood":[17],"Malalas\u2019":[18,268,381,535],"has":[20,74,136,145,187,466,480],"been":[21,138,146,467],"frequently":[22],"mined":[23],"as":[24,66,185,203,323,360,522],"source":[25,205,536],"for":[26,156,173,189,206,217],"the":[27,30,45,57,80,83,98,105,121,141,151,157,161,165,171,190,198,224,230,237,281,297,302,310,313,316,330,333,343,346,423,427,438,445,448,453,492,505,511,516,539,543,596,611,627,630,637,674,683],"events":[28,457],"fifth":[31,108,221,304,431,449],"and":[32,43,52,86,93,107,119,182,226,259,264,288,326,363,375,378,463,491,507,545,557,641,653],"sixth":[33,158],"centuries.":[34],"Its":[35],"interest":[36],"popular":[38],"rumor,":[39],"imperial":[41,72,84,117],"building,":[42],"enforcement":[46],"religious":[48],"policy":[49],"Antioch":[51],"Constantinople":[53],"have":[54,399,571],"all":[55],"augmented":[56],"military":[58,652],"focus":[59,307,483],"more":[61,152,293,406,460,501,664,668],"traditional,":[62],"classicizing":[63],"historians":[64],"such":[65],"Procopius.1":[67],"And":[68],"its":[69,284,430,488],"use":[70],"archives":[73],"allowed":[75,615],"an":[76,256,578,584,602],"occasional":[77],"glimpse":[78],"into":[79],"workings":[81],"bureaucracy":[85],"how":[87],"it":[88,178,496],"collected":[89],"information.":[90],"Although":[91],"his":[94,102,373,472,508,532,605],"continuators":[95],"wrote":[96],"reign":[99,625],"Justinian,":[101],"accounts":[103],"fourth":[106,225],"centuries":[109],"are":[110,658,671],"extremely":[111],"varied":[112],"their":[114,265],"assessment":[115],"rulers,":[118],"reflect":[120],"wide":[122],"variety":[123],"underlying":[125],"sources":[126,384],"that":[127,279,414,451,465,551],"they":[128,657],"had":[129],"access":[130],"to.":[131],"significance":[133],"this":[135,339,477,568,609,645],"not":[137,681],"appreciated":[139],"historiography.":[142],"Firstly,":[143],"there":[144],"a":[147,167,204,233,247,260,277,324,327,361,386,441,459,481,499,523,547,573],"failure":[148],"to":[149,160,169,179,200,253,291,342,365,369,404,458,527,601,629],"apply":[150],"nuanced":[153],"methodology":[154],"employed":[155],"century":[159,432,450],"earlier":[162],"sections":[163],"Chronicle,":[166],"tendency":[168],"mine":[170],"text":[172],"data":[174],"rather":[175],"than":[176,510],"using":[177],"investigate":[180,201],"attitudes":[181],"political":[183,299,402,456],"awareness,":[184],"Scott":[186],"done":[188],"Justinianic":[191],"period.":[192],"second,":[194],"related,":[195],"issue":[196],"is":[197,520,598,646],"need":[199],"multiple":[207],"independent":[208],"testimonies,":[209],"even":[210],"if":[211],"we":[212],"cannot":[213],"always":[214],"divine":[215],"authorship":[216],"these":[218],"testimonies.":[219],"century,":[222],"unlike":[223],"sixth,":[227],"suffers":[228],"from":[229,385,393,411,530],"lack":[231],"great":[234],"historian":[235,352],"rank":[238],"Ammianus":[240],"Marcellinus":[241],"or":[242],"Procopius":[243],"around":[244],"whose":[245,396],"work":[246],"complex":[248,294,401],"narrative":[249],"can":[250,273],"be":[251,274],"woven,":[252],"produce":[254],"both":[255],"histoire":[257],"\u00e9v\u00e9nementielle":[258],"history":[261,442],"ideas":[263,348],"reception.2":[266],"However,":[267],"[End":[269,590],"Page":[270,591],"298]":[271],"read":[275],"way":[278,575],"reveals":[280],"tendencies":[282],"different":[285,389,424],"internal":[286],"sources,":[287],"allow":[289],"us":[290],"ask":[292],"questions":[295],"main":[298],"actors":[300],"late":[303],"century.":[305],"here":[308,420],"on":[309,422,484,487,636,651],"representation":[311],"fall":[314],"federate":[317],"leader":[318],"Aspar,":[319],"who":[320,356,580],"was":[321],"presented":[322],"heretic":[325],"barbarian":[328,362],"propaganda":[331],"emperor":[334,506,579,597],"(457\u2013474).":[337],"Following":[338],"turn":[341],"subversion":[344],"same":[347,675],"one":[350],"anonymous":[351],"embedded":[353,514],"Malalas,":[355],"presents":[357],"himself":[359,582],"tries":[364],"undermine":[366],"Leo\u2019s":[367],"claims":[368],"\u201cRomanitas\u201d":[370],"by":[371,469,634,648,660,673],"emphasizing":[372],"cruelty":[374],"untrustworthiness.":[376],"His":[379],"Sources":[380],"combines":[383],"number":[387],"registers.":[390],"These":[391,620,667],"range":[392],"named":[394],"historians,":[395],"works":[397],"may":[398,570],"included":[400],"commentary,":[403],"much":[405,500,663],"brief":[407],"informal":[408],"notices":[409,650],"taken":[410],"city":[412],"chronicles":[413],"he":[415],"leaves":[416],"unattributed.3":[417],"My":[418],"analysis":[419],"rests":[421],"textures":[425],"sections.":[433],"In":[434],"particular,":[435],"suggest":[437],"existence":[439],"composed":[443],"at":[444],"end":[446],"subordinated":[452],"record":[454],"subversive":[461],"structure":[462],"commentary":[464],"reused":[468],"sixth-century":[473],"composition.":[474],"Much":[475,643],"fifth-century":[478],"material":[479,513,632],"distinct":[482],"Constantinople,":[485],"especially":[486],"circus":[489],"factions":[490],"emperor\u2019s":[493],"councilors,":[494],"but":[495,656],"also":[497,537,599],"adopts":[498],"disrespectful":[502],"vision":[503],"circle":[509],"fourth-century":[512],"Chronicle.":[517],"Theodosius":[518],"II":[519],"portrayed":[521],"jealous":[524],"ruler,":[525],"eager":[526],"prevent":[528],"aristocrats":[529],"rivaling":[531],"civic":[533],"patronage.4":[534],"discusses":[538],"sexual":[540,593],"politics":[541],"empire,":[544],"reports":[546],"series":[548],"scenes":[550,661,670],"describe":[552],"Theodosius\u2019":[553,562,624],"selection":[554],"Eudocia":[556],"her":[558],"suspected":[559],"affair":[560],"with":[561,583,662],"friend":[563],"Paulinus.":[564],"Like":[565],"Procopius\u2019":[566],"Anecdota,":[567],"account":[569],"provided":[572],"covert":[574],"attacking":[577],"surrounded":[581],"image":[585],"pious":[587],"rule.5":[588],"Here,":[589],"299]":[592],"slander":[594],"against":[595,604],"tied":[600],"attack":[603],"\u201cbad":[606],"minister,\u201d":[607],"case,":[610],"cubicularius":[612],"Chrysaphius,":[613],"which":[614],"him":[616],"\u201cto":[617],"plunder":[618],"everything.\u201d6":[619],"scurrilous":[621],"descriptions":[622],"form":[626],"background":[628],"diverse":[631],"gathered":[633],"reigns":[638],"Marcian":[640],"Leo.":[642],"represented":[647],"bland":[649],"ecclesiastical":[654],"events,":[655],"interspersed":[659],"developed":[665,669],"narratives.":[666],"linked":[672],"dramatis":[676],"personae":[677],"significant":[679],"figures,":[680],"only":[682],"emperors,":[684],"but...":[685]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}