{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2157758405","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)la.1943-4170.0000098","title":"Negligent Tort Liability of the Design Professional","display_name":"Negligent Tort Liability of the Design Professional","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-07-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2157758405","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)la.1943-4170.0000098","mag":"2157758405"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1061/(asce)la.1943-4170.0000098","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)la.1943-4170.0000098","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)la.1943-4170.0000098","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S25972796","display_name":"Journal of Legal Affairs and Dispute Resolution in Engineering and Construction","issn_l":"1943-4162","issn":["1943-4162","1943-4170"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315747","host_organization_name":"American Society of Civil Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315747"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society of Civil Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Legal Affairs and Dispute Resolution in Engineering and Construction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084213879","display_name":"Christopher P. Caine","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher P. Caine","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Student, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pennsylvania State Univ., 212 Sackett Building, University Park, PA 16802"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Student, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pennsylvania State Univ., 212 Sackett Building, University Park, PA 16802","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112198534","display_name":"H. Randolph Thomas","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"H. Randolph Thomas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Professor Emeritus of Civil Engineering, Pennsylvania Transportation Institute, 201 Transportation Research Building, University Park, PA 16802 (corresponding author)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Professor Emeritus of Civil Engineering, Pennsylvania Transportation Institute, 201 Transportation Research Building, University Park, PA 16802 (corresponding author)","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5112198534"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3858,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94677207,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"1","first_page":"45","last_page":"52"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12982","display_name":"Legal principles and applications","score":0.8744999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12982","display_name":"Legal principles and applications","score":0.8744999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12669","display_name":"Comparative International Legal Studies","score":0.10329999774694443,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12339","display_name":"Medical Malpractice and Liability Issues","score":0.010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/negligence","display_name":"negligence","score":0.47099998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tort-liability","display_name":"tort liability","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/design-professionals","display_name":"design professionals","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architects-and-engineers","display_name":"architects and engineers","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contractors","display_name":"contractors","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-loss-rule","display_name":"economic loss rule","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/duty-of-care","display_name":"duty of care","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breach-of-duty","display_name":"breach of duty","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construction-damage","display_name":"construction damage","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-injury","display_name":"personal injury","score":0.45100000500679016}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200635333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q158970","display_name":"Tort","level":3,"score":0.6945865750312805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777834853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96776939","display_name":"Liability","level":2,"score":0.6314440369606018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5596858263015747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59149807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q705497","display_name":"Strict liability","level":3,"score":0.44691169261932373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.37290722131729126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.3545766770839691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.3364996910095215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.205025315284729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.20158332586288452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.15469831228256226}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1061/(asce)la.1943-4170.0000098","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)la.1943-4170.0000098","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)la.1943-4170.0000098","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S25972796","display_name":"Journal of Legal Affairs and Dispute Resolution in Engineering and Construction","issn_l":"1943-4162","issn":["1943-4162","1943-4170"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315747","host_organization_name":"American Society of Civil Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315747"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society of Civil Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Legal Affairs and Dispute Resolution in Engineering and Construction","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1497406570","https://openalex.org/W2052201324","https://openalex.org/W2116982073","https://openalex.org/W2171420727","https://openalex.org/W2199895399","https://openalex.org/W2283820071"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2494236855","https://openalex.org/W2901477844","https://openalex.org/W2256817101","https://openalex.org/W2611812296","https://openalex.org/W3082156571","https://openalex.org/W2266924661","https://openalex.org/W300723532","https://openalex.org/W1507710443","https://openalex.org/W2917669098","https://openalex.org/W2594228775"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Design":[0],"professionals":[1],"such":[2],"as":[3],"architects":[4],"and":[5,92,132,168,269],"engineers":[6],"(A/Es)":[7],"are":[8,103,188],"experiencing":[9],"increased":[10],"liability":[11],"exposure":[12],"from":[13,213,240],"contractors":[14,48,237],"seeking":[15,207],"to":[16,71,98,180,208,264,272,281],"recover":[17,209],"construction-related":[18],"damages.":[19,246],"Legal":[20],"action":[21],"is":[22,60,70,159,165,203,257],"usually":[23],"sought":[24,238],"based":[25],"on":[26],"the":[27,36,76,88,93,99,115,119,124,127,144,160,163,176,194,255,261,265,270],"principles":[28],"of":[29,35,63,67,79,138,157,226,228,260],"tort":[30,80,249],"law,":[31],"but":[32],"this":[33,68],"area":[34],"law":[37,164],"may":[38,49],"not":[39],"be":[40,181],"well":[41],"understood":[42],"by":[43],"nonattorneys.":[44],"As":[45],"a":[46,55,109,129,155,205,217,224,258,275],"result,":[47],"spend":[50],"precious":[51],"financial":[52],"resources":[53],"pursuing":[54],"claim":[56],"in":[57,73,279,283],"which":[58],"there":[59,178,232],"little":[61,182],"chance":[62],"recovery.":[64],"The":[65,84,220,251],"purpose":[66],"paper":[69,221],"present":[72],"general":[74],"terms":[75],"main":[77],"elements":[78],"liability,":[81],"specifically":[82],"negligence.":[83,140,250],"issues":[85],"described":[86],"include":[87],"economic":[89,100,116,211,245,266],"loss":[90,101,117,267],"rule":[91,102,268],"implications":[94],"thereof.":[95],"Several":[96],"exceptions":[97],"described,":[104],"most":[105],"notably":[106],"foreseeability.":[107],"If":[108],"contractor":[110,120,128,206],"can":[111],"successfully":[112],"navigate":[113],"around":[114],"rule,":[118],"must":[121,142],"prove":[122],"that":[123,133,146,162,199,204,274],"A/E":[125,139,215,242],"owed":[126,278],"legal":[130],"duty":[131,134,276],"was":[135,277],"breached":[136],"because":[137],"A/Es":[141,150],"follow":[143],"process":[145],"other":[147],"similarly":[148],"situated":[149],"would":[151],"have":[152],"followed.":[153],"Compounding":[154],"discussion":[156,259],"torts":[158],"fact":[161],"constantly":[166],"changing":[167],"judicial":[169],"attitudes":[170],"vary":[171],"between":[172,190],"states":[173,191],"(jurisdictions).":[174],"On":[175],"surface,":[177],"seems":[179],"commonality":[183],"about":[184],"how":[185],"A/E\u2013contractor":[186],"disputes":[187],"viewed":[189],"except":[192],"for":[193,243],"basics.":[195],"However,":[196],"one":[197],"thing":[198],"does":[200],"seem":[201],"consistent":[202],"purely":[210,244],"damages":[212],"an":[214,241],"faces":[216],"formidable":[218],"challenge.":[219],"concludes":[222],"with":[223],"synopsis":[225],"several":[227],"court":[229],"decisions":[230],"where":[231],"were":[233],"personal":[234],"injuries":[235],"or":[236],"recovery":[239],"All":[247],"involve":[248],"common":[252],"thread":[253],"among":[254],"cases":[256],"foreseeability":[262],"exception":[263],"need":[271],"establish":[273],"order":[280],"prevail":[282],"tort.":[284]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}