{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2157645598","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1064009.1064020","title":"Optimal design of English auctions with discrete bid levels","display_name":"Optimal design of English auctions with discrete bid levels","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-06-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2157645598","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1064009.1064020","mag":"2157645598"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1064009.1064020","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1064009.1064020","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1064009.1064020","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407087292","display_name":"ACM Conference on Electronic Commerce (EC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 6th ACM conference on Electronic commerce","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"E. David","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. David","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southampton, Southampton, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southampton, Southampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108517760","display_name":"Alex Rogers","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Rogers","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southampton, Southampton, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southampton, Southampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025017870","display_name":"Jeremy Schiff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1620-0758","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1620-0758"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13955877","display_name":"Bar-Ilan University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kgsv495","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13955877"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Schiff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13955877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103213461","display_name":"Sarit Kraus","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4672-623X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4672-623X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13955877","display_name":"Bar-Ilan University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kgsv495","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13955877"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Kraus","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13955877"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036583884","display_name":"Nicholas R. Jennings","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0166-248X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0166-248X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. R. Jennings","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southampton, Southampton, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southampton, Southampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.736,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":39,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98078043,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"98","last_page":"107"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11182","display_name":"Auction Theory and Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11182","display_name":"Auction Theory and Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13342","display_name":"Art History and Market Analysis","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1213","display_name":"Visual Arts and Performing Arts"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10991","display_name":"Game Theory and Voting Systems","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/english-auctions","display_name":"English auctions","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimal-auction-design","display_name":"optimal auction design","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-auctions","display_name":"online auctions","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/revenue-maximization","display_name":"revenue maximization","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reserve-prices","display_name":"reserve prices","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/private-valuations","display_name":"private valuations","score":0.5479999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/allocative-efficiency","display_name":"allocative efficiency","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/auction-duration","display_name":"auction duration","score":0.9539999961853027}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205871297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q765312","display_name":"Unique bid auction","level":4,"score":0.7904415130615234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163239763","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5153637","display_name":"Common value auction","level":2,"score":0.7740917801856995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112481924","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1626270","display_name":"English auction","level":3,"score":0.6427226662635803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83426474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q243758","display_name":"Vickrey auction","level":4,"score":0.6147398352622986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11276805","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q771334","display_name":"Auction theory","level":3,"score":0.5881935358047485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147220207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q773073","display_name":"Vickrey\u2013Clarke\u2013Groves auction","level":4,"score":0.5818382501602173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171749020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4903974","display_name":"Bid shading","level":5,"score":0.5715659856796265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5624921917915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195487862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850210","display_name":"Revenue","level":2,"score":0.5516958832740784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160947807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727746","display_name":"Dutch auction","level":5,"score":0.48674654960632324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143684077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431186","display_name":"Revenue equivalence","level":4,"score":0.46670982241630554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163074370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7252893","display_name":"Proxy bid","level":5,"score":0.45166707038879395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.44482100009918213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.36957457661628723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2654629945755005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.19020333886146545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.15362539887428284}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1064009.1064020","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1064009.1064020","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1064009.1064020","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407087292","display_name":"ACM Conference on Electronic Commerce (EC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 6th ACM conference on Electronic commerce","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320277","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320290","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W638453110","https://openalex.org/W1589772251","https://openalex.org/W1590879322","https://openalex.org/W2000133976","https://openalex.org/W2002975096","https://openalex.org/W2011516239","https://openalex.org/W2019194413","https://openalex.org/W2021856647","https://openalex.org/W2029050771","https://openalex.org/W2056724026","https://openalex.org/W2080977664","https://openalex.org/W2083153843","https://openalex.org/W2142473753","https://openalex.org/W2168486179","https://openalex.org/W2570155829","https://openalex.org/W2796837256","https://openalex.org/W3004157836","https://openalex.org/W4239516903","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6654964746"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7099328337","https://openalex.org/W7097915711","https://openalex.org/W2498893478","https://openalex.org/W108112857","https://openalex.org/W2050848042","https://openalex.org/W2021317151","https://openalex.org/W72153688","https://openalex.org/W4385380425","https://openalex.org/W2002975096","https://openalex.org/W2000133976"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,55,230,293],"this":[1,116,127,130,150,190,231],"paper":[2],"we":[3,152,214,233,250,268,296],"consider":[4],"a":[5,43,48,73,108,227,243,289],"common":[6],"form":[7],"of":[8,60,98,161,173,257,264,272,313],"the":[9,26,52,57,94,137,158,162,165,171,177,181,199,204,253,258,262,270,283,299,307,314],"English":[10,143],"auction":[11,23,62,139,144,259,274,285],"that":[12,25,156,235,252,298],"is":[13,76,86,112,134,247],"widely":[14],"used":[15],"in":[16,104,123,129,203,275,304,306],"online":[17,106],"Internet":[18],"auctions.":[19],"This":[20],"discrete":[21,36,100,146,167],"bid":[22,37,69,101,110,147,168,201,245,278,291,301],"requires":[24],"bidders":[27,174,182,265],"may":[28,50],"only":[29,124],"submit":[30],"bids":[31],"which":[32,47,180,276,287],"meet":[33],"some":[34],"predetermined":[35],"levels":[38,169,202,279,302],"and,":[39,71],"thus,":[40],"there":[41,75,237],"exists":[42],"minimal":[44],"increment":[45,111,246],"with":[46,67,145,211],"bidder":[49],"raise":[51],"current":[53,105],"price.":[54],"contrast,":[56],"academic":[58],"literature":[59],"optimal":[61,122,138,200,248,254,277,300],"design":[63,140],"deals":[64],"almost":[65],"solely":[66],"continuous":[68],"auctions,":[70,107],"as":[72,80,261],"result,":[74],"little":[77],"practical":[78],"guidance":[79],"to":[81,88,120,135,164,192,218,282],"how":[82],"an":[83,142,154,219,273],"auctioneer,":[84],"who":[85],"seeking":[87],"maximise":[89],"his":[90],"revenue,":[91,308],"should":[92],"determine":[93],"number":[95,172,263],"and":[96,176,195,249,310],"value":[97],"these":[99,209,216],"levels.":[102,148],"Consequently,":[103],"fixed":[109,290],"commonly":[113],"implemented,":[114],"despite":[115],"having":[117],"been":[118],"shown":[119],"be":[121],"limited":[125],"cases.Given":[126],"background,":[128],"paper,":[131],"our":[132],"aim":[133],"provide":[136],"for":[141,198],"To":[149,207],"end,":[151],"derive":[153,193],"expression":[155,191],"relates":[157],"expected":[159],"revenue":[160],"auction,":[163],"actual":[166],"im-plemented,":[170],"participating,":[175],"distribution":[178],"from":[179,226],"draw":[183],"their":[184],"private":[185],"independent":[186],"valuations.":[187],"We":[188],"use":[189],"numerical":[194],"analytical":[196],"solutions":[197,217],"general":[205],"case.":[206],"compare":[208,269],"results":[210],"previous":[212],"work,":[213],"apply":[215],"example,":[220],"where":[221],"bidders'":[222],"valuations":[223],"are":[224,238,280],"drawn":[225],"uniform":[228],"distribution.":[229],"case,":[232],"prove":[234],"when":[236],"more":[239],"than":[240],"two":[241],"bidders,":[242],"decreasing":[244],"show":[251,297],"reserve":[255],"price":[256],"increases":[260],"increases.":[266],"Finally,":[267],"properties":[271],"used,":[281],"standard":[284],"approach":[286],"implements":[288],"increment.":[292],"so":[294],"doing,":[295],"result":[303],"improvements":[305],"duration":[309],"allocative":[311],"efficiency":[312],"auction.":[315]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
