{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2157457763","doi":null,"title":"THE IMPACT OF UNIVERSAL HEALTH INSURANCE ON CATASTROPHIC AND OUT-OF-POCKET HEALTH EXPENDITURES IN MEXICO: A MODEL WITH AN ENDOGENEOUS TREATMENT VARIABLE","display_name":"THE IMPACT OF UNIVERSAL HEALTH INSURANCE ON CATASTROPHIC AND OUT-OF-POCKET HEALTH EXPENDITURES IN MEXICO: A MODEL WITH AN ENDOGENEOUS TREATMENT VARIABLE","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2157457763","mag":"2157457763"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2157457763","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.york.ac.uk/media/economics/documents/herc/wp/08_12.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066407028","display_name":"Omar Gal\u00e1rraga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9985-9266","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9985-9266"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Omar Gal\u00e1rraga","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9985-9266","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054540618","display_name":"Sandra Gabriela Sosa-Rub\u00ed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7394-481X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7394-481X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128723","display_name":"Instituto Nacional de Salud P\u00fablica","ror":"https://ror.org/032y0n460","country_code":"MX","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210095685","https://openalex.org/I4210128723"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sandra G. Sosa\u2010Rub\u00ed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto Nacional de Salud P\u00fablica"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto Nacional de Salud P\u00fablica","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128723"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036968744","display_name":"Aar\u00f3n Salinas\u2010Rodr\u00edguez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5645-814X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5645-814X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aar\u00f3n Salinas\u2010Rodr\u00edguez","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009218943","display_name":"Sergio Sesma","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sergio Sesma","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11531","display_name":"Healthcare Systems and Reforms","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11531","display_name":"Healthcare Systems and Reforms","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10391","display_name":"Healthcare Policy and Management","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12781","display_name":"Global Health Care Issues","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seguro-popular","display_name":"Seguro Popular","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/universal-health-insurance","display_name":"universal health insurance","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/catastrophic-health-expenditure","display_name":"catastrophic health expenditure","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/out-of-pocket-health-expenditure","display_name":"out-of-pocket health expenditure","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uninsured-population","display_name":"uninsured population","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endogenous-treatment-effects","display_name":"endogenous treatment effects","score":0.621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bivariate-probit-model","display_name":"bivariate probit model","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/instrumental-variables","display_name":"instrumental variables","score":0.5950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-plan-choice","display_name":"health insurance choice","score":0.5149999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/household-health-expenditure","display_name":"household health expenditure","score":0.4729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outpatient-care","display_name":"outpatient care","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mexico","display_name":"Mexico","score":0.7509999871253967}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C610760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1340706","display_name":"Endogeneity","level":2,"score":0.8638991117477417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162144332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1665305","display_name":"Instrumental variable","level":2,"score":0.6883982419967651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67257552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q635217","display_name":"Probit model","level":2,"score":0.5784239768981934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.5308505296707153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120784921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17086363","display_name":"Multivariate probit model","level":2,"score":0.5262787938117981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184314375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3117995","display_name":"Probit","level":2,"score":0.5258907675743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.524383008480072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983635472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334911","display_name":"Health insurance","level":3,"score":0.4926815629005432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4869895875453949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89337504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4828276","display_name":"Average treatment effect","level":3,"score":0.4392913579940796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.4358940124511719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.38992828130722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.38675034046173096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.33336228132247925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2734934985637665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.19119787216186523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.1318509578704834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17923572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7250160","display_name":"Propensity score matching","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2157457763","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.york.ac.uk/media/economics/documents/herc/wp/08_12.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9391000270843506},{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.7307999730110168},{"display_name":"No poverty","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","score":0.41670000553131104}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1504283862","https://openalex.org/W1540090777","https://openalex.org/W1974833527","https://openalex.org/W1980412904","https://openalex.org/W1986820232","https://openalex.org/W2001180485","https://openalex.org/W2027548245","https://openalex.org/W2043344796","https://openalex.org/W2067375381","https://openalex.org/W2082169452","https://openalex.org/W2082260411","https://openalex.org/W2096972424","https://openalex.org/W2102331226","https://openalex.org/W2122747785","https://openalex.org/W2124758339","https://openalex.org/W2125364287","https://openalex.org/W2125849337","https://openalex.org/W2126583499","https://openalex.org/W2128541531","https://openalex.org/W2129677483","https://openalex.org/W2138290169","https://openalex.org/W2155749250","https://openalex.org/W2399960356","https://openalex.org/W2409077931","https://openalex.org/W2743861908","https://openalex.org/W3123059484","https://openalex.org/W3123078933","https://openalex.org/W3124366560"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7047855435","https://openalex.org/W2289016572","https://openalex.org/W7099060625","https://openalex.org/W2831571965","https://openalex.org/W113755190","https://openalex.org/W2786099842","https://openalex.org/W2125603871","https://openalex.org/W2127931825","https://openalex.org/W4407012352","https://openalex.org/W4312232096"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"main":[1],"goal":[2],"of":[3,12,26,42,52,72,112,122,149,166,186,189],"Seguro":[4,20,53,161],"Popular":[5,21,54,162],"is":[6,133],"to":[7,118],"improve":[8],"the":[9,13,39,43,50,113,120,136,147,158,164,171,187,197],"financial":[10],"protection":[11],"uninsured":[14],"population":[15],"against":[16,101],"excessive":[17],"health":[18,57,63,131,168],"expenditures.":[19],"(SP)":[22],"covers":[23],"a":[24,142,184],"variety":[25],"preventive":[27],"and":[28,35,74,80,85,97,154,179,193],"curative":[29],"procedures,":[30],"as":[31,33,59,61],"well":[32,60],"medicines,":[34],"hospital":[36],"care":[37,195],"for":[38],"poorest":[40],"segment":[41],"Mexican":[44],"population.":[45],"Data:":[46],"This":[47],"paper":[48],"estimates":[49],"impact":[51],"on":[55,129,146,152,191],"catastrophic":[56,130,167],"expenditures,":[58,64],"out-of-pocket":[62],"from":[65],"three":[66],"different":[67],"sources:":[68],"National":[69,78],"Household":[70],"Survey":[71,82],"Income":[73],"Expenditures":[75],"(ENIGH":[76],"2006);":[77,84],"Health":[79],"Nutrition":[81],"(ENSANUT":[83],"SP":[86,115,175,198],"Impact":[87,176],"Evaluation":[88,177],"Survey.":[89],"Methods:":[90],"We":[91,181],"first":[92],"estimate":[93],"naive":[94],"probit":[95,103],"models,":[96],"then":[98],"compare":[99],"them":[100],"bivariate":[102],"models":[104],"which":[105],"use":[106],"instrumental":[107],"variables":[108],"that":[109],"take":[110],"advantage":[111],"specific":[114],"implementation":[116],"mechanisms":[117],"address":[119],"endogeneity":[121],"insurance":[123],"selection":[124],"choices.":[125],"Results:":[126],"No":[127],"effect":[128,145],"expenditures":[132,151,169,190],"observed":[134],"in":[135],"ENIGH":[137],"sample.":[138],"However,":[139],"we":[140],"find":[141],"statistically":[143],"significant":[144],"reduction":[148,185],"household\u2019s":[150],"medicines":[153,192],"outpatient":[155,194],"care.":[156],"On":[157],"other":[159,172],"hand,":[160],"reduces":[163],"probability":[165,188],"using":[170],"two":[173],"datasets:":[174],"Survey,":[178],"ENSANUT.":[180],"also":[182],"observe":[183],"among":[196],"insured":[199],"families.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}