{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2157295443","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001058","title":"Individualized Cost-Effectiveness Analysis","display_name":"Individualized Cost-Effectiveness Analysis","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-07-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2157295443","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001058","mag":"2157295443","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21765810","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3134464"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001058","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001058","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001058","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.1001058&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S197939330","display_name":"PLoS Medicine","issn_l":"1549-1277","issn":["1549-1277","1549-1676"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.1001058&type=printable","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070446713","display_name":"John P. A. Ioannidis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3118-6859","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3118-6859"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137306","display_name":"Stanford Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"John P. A. Ioannidis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America. jioannid@stanford.edu","Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine and Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America. jioannid@stanford.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine and Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049163875","display_name":"Alan M. Garber","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204866599","display_name":"VA Palo Alto Health Care System","ror":"https://ror.org/00nr17z89","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I204866599","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210125474"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137306","display_name":"Stanford Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alan M. Garber","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Health Policy and Center for Primary Care and Outcomes Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America","Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Stanford, California, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Health Policy and Center for Primary Care and Outcomes Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Stanford, California, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204866599"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5070446713"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"],"apc_list":{"value":6460,"currency":"USD","value_usd":6460},"apc_paid":{"value":6460,"currency":"USD","value_usd":6460},"fwci":13.4553,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":54,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98437908,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"7","first_page":"e1001058","last_page":"e1001058"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10804","display_name":"Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10804","display_name":"Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13555","display_name":"Healthcare cost, quality, practices","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10841","display_name":"Economic and Environmental Valuation","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incremental-cost-effectiveness-ratio","display_name":"incremental cost-effectiveness ratio","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-decision-making","display_name":"clinical decision-making","score":0.6510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-decision-making","display_name":"patient decision-making","score":0.6510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-effectiveness-analysis","display_name":"cost-effectiveness analysis","score":0.6320000290870667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4857099950313568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.353759765625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.33837491273880005}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003362","descriptor_name":"Cost-Benefit Analysis","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003657","descriptor_name":"Decision Making","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017048","descriptor_name":"Health Care Costs","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017059","descriptor_name":"Models, Econometric","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001058","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001058","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001058","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.1001058&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S197939330","display_name":"PLoS Medicine","issn_l":"1549-1277","issn":["1549-1277","1549-1676"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:21765810","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21765810","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3134464","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3134464/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS Med","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.350.3112","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.350.3112","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/46/ee/PLoS_Med_2011_Jul_12_8(7)_e1001058.tar.gz","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dash.harvard.edu:1/11576716","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:11576716","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401540","display_name":"Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","host_organization_name":"Harvard University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:plo:pmed00:1001058","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.1001058","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3589721c6314427c83eb08dc5868889c","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3589721c6314427c83eb08dc5868889c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PLoS Medicine, Vol 8, Iss 7, p e1001058 (2011)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001058","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001058","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001058","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.1001058&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S197939330","display_name":"PLoS Medicine","issn_l":"1549-1277","issn":["1549-1277","1549-1676"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.5683000087738037,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2157295443.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2157295443.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1481061523","https://openalex.org/W1481064025","https://openalex.org/W1508297947","https://openalex.org/W1512398135","https://openalex.org/W1905212504","https://openalex.org/W1969184163","https://openalex.org/W1983251336","https://openalex.org/W1985349101","https://openalex.org/W1986010132","https://openalex.org/W1991000304","https://openalex.org/W1995272804","https://openalex.org/W1996194277","https://openalex.org/W2001192679","https://openalex.org/W2002844358","https://openalex.org/W2003391833","https://openalex.org/W2007689247","https://openalex.org/W2009387281","https://openalex.org/W2017187392","https://openalex.org/W2026217192","https://openalex.org/W2026500950","https://openalex.org/W2033848909","https://openalex.org/W2036394102","https://openalex.org/W2067315990","https://openalex.org/W2073038050","https://openalex.org/W2079435918","https://openalex.org/W2089186226","https://openalex.org/W2089303565","https://openalex.org/W2090504491","https://openalex.org/W2090954717","https://openalex.org/W2094353560","https://openalex.org/W2107226075","https://openalex.org/W2107861894","https://openalex.org/W2113863882","https://openalex.org/W2127288833","https://openalex.org/W2128780239","https://openalex.org/W2151037038","https://openalex.org/W2161222696","https://openalex.org/W2162451265","https://openalex.org/W2163596827","https://openalex.org/W2164821482","https://openalex.org/W2166934748","https://openalex.org/W2170178258","https://openalex.org/W2333466480","https://openalex.org/W4233976476"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W406758149","https://openalex.org/W2408799832","https://openalex.org/W2055190116","https://openalex.org/W1036462379","https://openalex.org/W3141226913","https://openalex.org/W2398205066","https://openalex.org/W2411203609","https://openalex.org/W2404504591","https://openalex.org/W2049721843","https://openalex.org/W2610980904"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"John":[0],"Ioannidis":[1],"and":[2,13],"Alan":[3],"Garber":[4],"discuss":[5],"how":[6],"to":[7],"use":[8],"incremental":[9],"cost-effectiveness":[10],"ratios":[11],"(ICER)":[12],"related":[14],"metrics":[15],"so":[16],"they":[17],"can":[18],"be":[19],"useful":[20],"for":[21],"decision-making":[22],"at":[23],"the":[24],"individual":[25,32],"level,":[26],"whether":[27],"used":[28],"by":[29],"clinicians":[30],"or":[31],"patients.":[33]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
