{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2155978331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/oa.853","title":"Trauma in the Crusader period city of Caesarea: a major port in the medieval eastern Mediterranean","display_name":"Trauma in the Crusader period city of Caesarea: a major port in the medieval eastern Mediterranean","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-08-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2155978331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/oa.853","mag":"2155978331"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/oa.853","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/oa.853","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/oa.853","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S138209933","display_name":"International Journal of Osteoarchaeology","issn_l":"1047-482X","issn":["1047-482X","1099-1212"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Osteoarchaeology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050333246","display_name":"Piers D. Mitchell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1009-697X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1009-697X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"P. D. Mitchell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Imperial College London, 84 Huntingdon Road, London N2 9DU, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imperial College London, 84 Huntingdon Road, London N2 9DU, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050333246"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"],"apc_list":{"value":4220,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4220},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.3215,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97801336,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"6","first_page":"493","last_page":"505"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13409","display_name":"Paleopathology and ancient diseases","score":0.9477999806404114,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13409","display_name":"Paleopathology and ancient diseases","score":0.9477999806404114,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10992","display_name":"Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies","score":0.03310000151395798,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12324","display_name":"History of Medicine Studies","score":0.00570000009611249,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/paleopathology","display_name":"paleopathology","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trauma-physical-injury","display_name":"trauma (physical injury)","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crusader-period","display_name":"Crusader period","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/caesarea","display_name":"Caesarea","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unintentional-injuries","display_name":"unintentional injuries","score":0.4620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpersonal-violence","display_name":"interpersonal violence","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spiral-fractures","display_name":"spiral fractures","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fracture-healing","display_name":"fracture healing","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/splinting","display_name":"splinting","score":0.640999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgeons","display_name":"surgeons","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kingdom-of-jerusalem","display_name":"Kingdom of Jerusalem","score":0.8980000019073486}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6046205163002014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5710741281509399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781291010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178580","display_name":"Period (music)","level":2,"score":0.5081441402435303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32802771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2443617","display_name":"Port (circuit theory)","level":2,"score":0.4901657998561859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195244886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493","display_name":"Ancient history","level":1,"score":0.4893895983695984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781425848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7578590","display_name":"Splints","level":2,"score":0.48172882199287415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993144071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q206887","display_name":"Civilian population","level":2,"score":0.47385409474372864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991907880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124490","display_name":"Interpersonal violence","level":4,"score":0.47237589955329895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.3986172080039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.3086221218109131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.2844393253326416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190385971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373494","display_name":"Injury prevention","level":3,"score":0.2797539234161377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.23471671342849731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.22357434034347534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11990651488304138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/oa.853","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/oa.853","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/oa.853","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S138209933","display_name":"International Journal of Osteoarchaeology","issn_l":"1047-482X","issn":["1047-482X","1099-1212"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Osteoarchaeology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8048999905586243,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.5299999713897705,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W390379045","https://openalex.org/W593116823","https://openalex.org/W601488363","https://openalex.org/W1490715661","https://openalex.org/W1550685768","https://openalex.org/W1591350141","https://openalex.org/W1700026808","https://openalex.org/W1833556379","https://openalex.org/W1965881968","https://openalex.org/W1978836988","https://openalex.org/W1979082371","https://openalex.org/W1990598434","https://openalex.org/W1994221016","https://openalex.org/W1999537241","https://openalex.org/W1999855079","https://openalex.org/W2025703601","https://openalex.org/W2029994856","https://openalex.org/W2030731540","https://openalex.org/W2064286580","https://openalex.org/W2068930470","https://openalex.org/W2073630422","https://openalex.org/W2077431756","https://openalex.org/W2079175805","https://openalex.org/W2081490505","https://openalex.org/W2087481446","https://openalex.org/W2090278056","https://openalex.org/W2090885757","https://openalex.org/W2091706051","https://openalex.org/W2094073972","https://openalex.org/W2165845749","https://openalex.org/W2290195227","https://openalex.org/W2339745545","https://openalex.org/W2504167310","https://openalex.org/W2507004868","https://openalex.org/W3188120664","https://openalex.org/W4302405340","https://openalex.org/W4302571363","https://openalex.org/W4387242895"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1990598434","https://openalex.org/W2064286580","https://openalex.org/W3085779659","https://openalex.org/W2168480229","https://openalex.org/W6902975940","https://openalex.org/W2073630422","https://openalex.org/W7147517622","https://openalex.org/W1973818193","https://openalex.org/W598288890","https://openalex.org/W1977489135"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Caesarea":[1],"is":[2,91,170,213],"the":[3,19,28,41,46,106,109,116,124,129,154,206,218],"first":[4],"fortified":[5],"city":[6,110,118],"to":[7,26,60,76,123,139,189,204,227,235],"undergo":[8],"palaeopathological":[9],"analysis":[10],"of":[11,18,31,49,65,86,92,108,156,179,202,217,220],"its":[12],"Crusader":[13],"period":[14],"inhabitants.":[15],"This":[16,169,211],"study":[17,151],"12th":[20],"and":[21,51,69,115,126,187],"13th":[22],"century":[23],"population":[24,130],"aims":[25],"determine":[27],"major":[29],"types":[30],"trauma":[32,66],"present,":[33],"whether":[34],"from":[35,96,149,199],"weapon":[36,56,143],"injuries":[37,57,181],"or":[38,98],"accidents.":[39],"Since":[40],"Crusades":[42],"were":[43,58,131,226],"known":[44],"for":[45],"significant":[47],"number":[48],"battles":[50],"raids":[52],"that":[53,128,135,153,224],"took":[54],"place,":[55],"expected":[59,95],"be":[61,228],"common.":[62],"Thirteen":[63],"cases":[64,79,155],"are":[67],"described":[68],"a":[70,93,166,177],"highly":[71],"unexpected":[72],"pattern":[73],"has":[74],"come":[75],"light.":[77],"These":[78],"do":[80],"not":[81,142,171],"include":[82,105],"one":[83],"single":[84],"example":[85],"weapon\u2010related":[87],"trauma.":[88],"Every":[89],"fracture":[90],"type":[94],"accidents":[97,140],"interpersonal":[99],"violence":[100],"without":[101],"weapons.":[102],"Possible":[103],"explanations":[104],"location":[107],"deep":[111],"within":[112],"Frankish":[113],"territory":[114],"robust":[117],"walls":[119],"giving":[120],"effective":[121],"protection":[122],"inhabitants,":[125],"also":[127],"involved":[132],"in":[133,165],"activities":[134],"left":[136],"them":[137],"prone":[138],"but":[141],"injuries.":[144],"The":[145,193],"other":[146],"important":[147],"finding":[148],"this":[150],"was":[152],"lower":[157],"limb":[158],"long":[159],"bone":[160],"spiral":[161],"fractures":[162,234],"had":[163],"healed":[164],"near\u2010anatomical":[167],"alignment.":[168],"what":[172],"we":[173],"would":[174,182],"expect,":[175],"as":[176],"proportion":[178],"these":[180],"normally":[183],"have":[184,197],"been":[185],"unstable":[186],"tend":[188],"heal":[190,236],"poorly":[191],"aligned.":[192],"good":[194],"position":[195],"could":[196],"resulted":[198],"surgeons'":[200],"use":[201],"splints":[203],"immobilise":[205],"bones":[207],"while":[208],"they":[209,231],"healed.":[210],"suggestion":[212],"supported":[214],"by":[215],"laws":[216],"kingdom":[219],"Jerusalem,":[221],"which":[222],"stated":[223],"surgeons":[225],"punished":[229],"if":[230],"allowed":[232],"such":[233],"at":[237],"an":[238],"angle.":[239],"Copyright":[240],"\u00a9":[241],"2006":[242],"John":[243],"Wiley":[244],"&":[245],"Sons,":[246],"Ltd.":[247]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}