{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2155589792","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-95855-7_4","title":"Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)","display_name":"Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2155589792","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-95855-7_4","mag":"2155589792"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-642-95855-7_4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-95855-7_4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-95855-7_4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463937","display_name":"Springer eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Wilde\u2019s WWW","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2493868580","display_name":"Wilde\u2019s WWW"},"type":"book-chapter","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111416808","display_name":"Erik Wilde","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1297971548","display_name":"International Computer Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01ewh7m12","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1297971548"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Erik Wilde","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Computer Science Institute, 1947 Center Street, Suite 600, Berkeley, CA, 94704-1198, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Computer Science Institute, 1947 Center Street, Suite 600, Berkeley, CA, 94704-1198, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297971548"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111416808"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297971548"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":42.7648,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":501,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99704724,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"53","last_page":"135"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14455","display_name":"Technology and Education Systems","score":0.6029999852180481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14455","display_name":"Technology and Education Systems","score":0.6029999852180481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12799","display_name":"Mobile and Web Applications","score":0.2856000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12601","display_name":"Web Applications and Data Management","score":0.045499999076128006,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypertext-transfer-protocol","display_name":"Hypertext Transfer Protocol","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/http","display_name":"HTTP","score":0.925000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/client-server-architecture","display_name":"client-server architecture","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-server","display_name":"web server","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-pages","display_name":"web pages","score":0.8100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uniform-resource-identifiers","display_name":"Uniform Resource Identifiers","score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uniform-resource-locators","display_name":"URLs","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypermedia","display_name":"hypermedia","score":0.671999990940094}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149672775","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8777","display_name":"Hypertext Transfer Protocol","level":3,"score":0.8517030477523804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.8118449449539185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.793157696723938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21959979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36774","display_name":"Web page","level":2,"score":0.6669422388076782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61096286","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7978592","display_name":"Web navigation","level":3,"score":0.6649243831634521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173576120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2641220","display_name":"Static web page","level":4,"score":0.6129524111747742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162215914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93241","display_name":"Hypertext","level":2,"score":0.6123850345611572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127613066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557770","display_name":"Web API","level":4,"score":0.6108012795448303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11392498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11288","display_name":"Web server","level":3,"score":0.5851349234580994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130436687","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7978591","display_name":"Web modeling","level":3,"score":0.4930104911327362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138708601","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8811","display_name":"HTML","level":3,"score":0.49060216546058655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79373723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q386275","display_name":"Web development","level":3,"score":0.4810609817504883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182321512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1153289","display_name":"Web standards","level":3,"score":0.4753532111644745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162005631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54837","display_name":"Data Web","level":3,"score":0.4695732295513153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4134061634540558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.37075275182724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.2799522876739502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.06275764107704163}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-642-95855-7_4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-95855-7_4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-95855-7_4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463937","display_name":"Springer eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Wilde\u2019s WWW","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6994396723","https://openalex.org/W4211113053","https://openalex.org/W239497830","https://openalex.org/W4396926561","https://openalex.org/W2102550475","https://openalex.org/W97314851","https://openalex.org/W4247221255","https://openalex.org/W4233453346","https://openalex.org/W7099337398","https://openalex.org/W386601471"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":33}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}