{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2155478811","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.21540","title":"Phase 2 trial of leuprorelin in patients with spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy","display_name":"Phase 2 trial of leuprorelin in patients with spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2155478811","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.21540","mag":"2155478811","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19259967"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/ana.21540","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.21540","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.21540","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S114530997","display_name":"Annals of Neurology","issn_l":"0364-5134","issn":["0364-5134","1531-8249"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of Neurology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030581235","display_name":"Haruhiko Banno","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0404-3839","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0404-3839"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60134161","display_name":"Nagoya University","ror":"https://ror.org/04chrp450","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haruhiko Banno","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036681718","display_name":"Masahisa Katsuno","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9453-9311","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9453-9311"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60134161","display_name":"Nagoya University","ror":"https://ror.org/04chrp450","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Masahisa Katsuno","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan","Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010703590","display_name":"Keisuke Suzuki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5790-1289","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5790-1289"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60134161","display_name":"Nagoya University","ror":"https://ror.org/04chrp450","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keisuke Suzuki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088316632","display_name":"Yu Takeuchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2953-3965","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2953-3965"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60134161","display_name":"Nagoya University","ror":"https://ror.org/04chrp450","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Takeuchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008178162","display_name":"Motoshi Kawashima","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60134161","display_name":"Nagoya University","ror":"https://ror.org/04chrp450","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Motoshi Kawashima","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013706845","display_name":"Noriaki Suga","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60134161","display_name":"Nagoya University","ror":"https://ror.org/04chrp450","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Noriaki Suga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019080838","display_name":"Motoko Takamori","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111574","display_name":"Shizuoka Saiseikai General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01s4cx283","country_code":"JP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111574"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Motoko Takamori","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Shizuoka Saiseikai General Hospital, Shizuoka, Aichi, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Shizuoka Saiseikai General Hospital, Shizuoka, Aichi, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111574"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029471401","display_name":"Mizuki Ito","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4470-1004","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4470-1004"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60134161","display_name":"Nagoya University","ror":"https://ror.org/04chrp450","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mizuki Ito","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037448497","display_name":"Tomohiko Nakamura","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7622-4527","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7622-4527"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60134161","display_name":"Nagoya University","ror":"https://ror.org/04chrp450","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tomohiko Nakamura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000713007","display_name":"Koji Matsuo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6232-8701","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6232-8701"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60134161","display_name":"Nagoya University","ror":"https://ror.org/04chrp450","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Koji Matsuo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087630941","display_name":"Shin\u2010ichi Yamada","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8173-8303","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8173-8303"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60134161","display_name":"Nagoya University","ror":"https://ror.org/04chrp450","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shinichi Yamada","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113736968","display_name":"Yumiko Oki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3787-2238","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3787-2238"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yumiko Oki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Aichi Saiseikai Hospital Aichi, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Aichi Saiseikai Hospital Aichi, Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046298859","display_name":"Hiroaki Adachi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9302-4663","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9302-4663"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60134161","display_name":"Nagoya University","ror":"https://ror.org/04chrp450","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hiroaki Adachi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031930678","display_name":"Makoto Minamiyama","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8159-7376","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8159-7376"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60134161","display_name":"Nagoya University","ror":"https://ror.org/04chrp450","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Makoto Minamiyama","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089575538","display_name":"Masahiro Waza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1582-4745","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1582-4745"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60134161","display_name":"Nagoya University","ror":"https://ror.org/04chrp450","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Masahiro Waza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Naoki Atsuta","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60134161","display_name":"Nagoya University","ror":"https://ror.org/04chrp450","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naoki Atsuta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010867165","display_name":"Hirohisa Watanabe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8553-8536","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8553-8536"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60134161","display_name":"Nagoya University","ror":"https://ror.org/04chrp450","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hirohisa Watanabe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029691234","display_name":"Yasushi Fujimoto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6044-686X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6044-686X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60134161","display_name":"Nagoya University","ror":"https://ror.org/04chrp450","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yasushi Fujimoto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068572982","display_name":"Tsutomu Nakashima","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3930-9120","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3930-9120"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60134161","display_name":"Nagoya University","ror":"https://ror.org/04chrp450","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tsutomu Nakashima","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050964668","display_name":"Fumiaki Tanaka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9961-2693","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9961-2693"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60134161","display_name":"Nagoya University","ror":"https://ror.org/04chrp450","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fumiaki Tanaka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039543515","display_name":"Manabu Doyu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6264-9927","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6264-9927"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16528096","display_name":"Aichi Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02h6cs343","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16528096"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manabu Doyu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16528096"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045535997","display_name":"Gen Sobue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4769-5922","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4769-5922"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60134161","display_name":"Nagoya University","ror":"https://ror.org/04chrp450","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gen Sobue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036681718"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"],"apc_list":{"value":4700,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4700},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.1546,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":156,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98684952,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"65","issue":"2","first_page":"140","last_page":"150"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10949","display_name":"Genetic Neurodegenerative Diseases","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10949","display_name":"Genetic Neurodegenerative Diseases","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10855","display_name":"Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Research","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12400","display_name":"Neurogenetic and Muscular Disorders Research","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2716","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spinal-and-bulbar-muscular-atrophy","display_name":"spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leuprolide-acetate","display_name":"leuprolide","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/androgen-deprivation-therapy","display_name":"androgen deprivation therapy","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/androgen-receptor","display_name":"androgen receptor","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polyglutamine-expansion","display_name":"polyglutamine expansion","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hereditary-motor-neuron-disease","display_name":"hereditary motor neuron disease","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swallowing-function","display_name":"swallowing function","score":0.621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motor-neuron-disease","display_name":"motor neuron disease","score":0.5529999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/testosterone","display_name":"testosterone","score":0.4350000023841858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779093440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q907160","display_name":"Leuprorelin","level":5,"score":0.9830957055091858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7613989114761353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27081682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269829","display_name":"Placebo","level":3,"score":0.646684467792511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780434838","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1995327","display_name":"Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy","level":5,"score":0.5694416165351868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777911890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62614","display_name":"Androgen","level":3,"score":0.518101155757904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61367390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q416601","display_name":"Androgen receptor","level":4,"score":0.4896755516529083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780962315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1988832","display_name":"Bicalutamide","level":5,"score":0.4801296889781952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.4474591016769409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781172350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194520","display_name":"Atrophy","level":2,"score":0.42612358927726746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.40882498025894165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780192828","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181257","display_name":"Prostate cancer","level":3,"score":0.37358877062797546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126894567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105650","display_name":"Urology","level":1,"score":0.34523916244506836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71315377","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11364","display_name":"Hormone","level":2,"score":0.16611137986183167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.12797236442565918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778938600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389934","display_name":"Agonist","level":3,"score":0.10392078757286072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.08377507328987122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777230143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q414745","display_name":"Buserelin","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000726","descriptor_name":"Androgen Antagonists","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000726","descriptor_name":"Androgen Antagonists","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000726","descriptor_name":"Androgen Antagonists","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002933","descriptor_name":"Cineradiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002933","descriptor_name":"Cineradiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002933","descriptor_name":"Cineradiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004311","descriptor_name":"Double-Blind Method","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004311","descriptor_name":"Double-Blind Method","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004311","descriptor_name":"Double-Blind Method","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005500","descriptor_name":"Follow-Up Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005500","descriptor_name":"Follow-Up Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005500","descriptor_name":"Follow-Up Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007279","descriptor_name":"Injections, Subcutaneous","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007279","descriptor_name":"Injections, Subcutaneous","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007279","descriptor_name":"Injections, Subcutaneous","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007564","descriptor_name":"Japan","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007564","descriptor_name":"Japan","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007564","descriptor_name":"Japan","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009134","descriptor_name":"Muscular Atrophy, Spinal","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009134","descriptor_name":"Muscular Atrophy, Spinal","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009134","descriptor_name":"Muscular Atrophy, Spinal","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009134","descriptor_name":"Muscular Atrophy, Spinal","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009134","descriptor_name":"Muscular Atrophy, Spinal","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009134","descriptor_name":"Muscular Atrophy, Spinal","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009134","descriptor_name":"Muscular Atrophy, Spinal","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009134","descriptor_name":"Muscular Atrophy, Spinal","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009134","descriptor_name":"Muscular Atrophy, Spinal","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009134","descriptor_name":"Muscular Atrophy, Spinal","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009134","descriptor_name":"Muscular Atrophy, Spinal","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009134","descriptor_name":"Muscular Atrophy, Spinal","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010455","descriptor_name":"Peptides","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010455","descriptor_name":"Peptides","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010455","descriptor_name":"Peptides","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011446","descriptor_name":"Prospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011446","descriptor_name":"Prospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011446","descriptor_name":"Prospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011944","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Androgen","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011944","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Androgen","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011944","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Androgen","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011944","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Androgen","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011944","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Androgen","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011944","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Androgen","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012720","descriptor_name":"Severity of Illness Index","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012720","descriptor_name":"Severity of Illness Index","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012720","descriptor_name":"Severity of Illness Index","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016729","descriptor_name":"Leuprolide","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016729","descriptor_name":"Leuprolide","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016729","descriptor_name":"Leuprolide","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018715","descriptor_name":"Microscopy, Video","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018715","descriptor_name":"Microscopy, Video","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018715","descriptor_name":"Microscopy, Video","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/ana.21540","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.21540","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.21540","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S114530997","display_name":"Annals of Neurology","issn_l":"0364-5134","issn":["0364-5134","1531-8249"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of Neurology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:19259967","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19259967","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of neurology","raw_type":"Clinical Trial, Phase II"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.4300000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Clinical Trial","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W89892064","https://openalex.org/W1602691042","https://openalex.org/W1673776160","https://openalex.org/W1845579457","https://openalex.org/W1970871670","https://openalex.org/W1972818610","https://openalex.org/W1984355984","https://openalex.org/W1985902870","https://openalex.org/W1988081634","https://openalex.org/W1989129533","https://openalex.org/W2000366267","https://openalex.org/W2004445261","https://openalex.org/W2006101507","https://openalex.org/W2013452556","https://openalex.org/W2024785664","https://openalex.org/W2025049761","https://openalex.org/W2026878657","https://openalex.org/W2027089591","https://openalex.org/W2028930693","https://openalex.org/W2037407251","https://openalex.org/W2042448415","https://openalex.org/W2046776107","https://openalex.org/W2058543711","https://openalex.org/W2060148492","https://openalex.org/W2062110872","https://openalex.org/W2067261805","https://openalex.org/W2074342599","https://openalex.org/W2086413985","https://openalex.org/W2088489316","https://openalex.org/W2090193317","https://openalex.org/W2095425054","https://openalex.org/W2099562440","https://openalex.org/W2107934345","https://openalex.org/W2108570063","https://openalex.org/W2108834942","https://openalex.org/W2111714299","https://openalex.org/W2113333419","https://openalex.org/W2113998330","https://openalex.org/W2115254311","https://openalex.org/W2121506107","https://openalex.org/W2130978648","https://openalex.org/W2132844816","https://openalex.org/W2140530485","https://openalex.org/W2144733515","https://openalex.org/W2159317313","https://openalex.org/W2163958003","https://openalex.org/W2249338989","https://openalex.org/W2414414614","https://openalex.org/W2885377445","https://openalex.org/W4231266058","https://openalex.org/W4240083082","https://openalex.org/W4242614327","https://openalex.org/W4253882649"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2162792760","https://openalex.org/W3041084724","https://openalex.org/W2007234093","https://openalex.org/W2002807096","https://openalex.org/W2078892287","https://openalex.org/W2416259612","https://openalex.org/W1964854351","https://openalex.org/W1970491283","https://openalex.org/W2123231783","https://openalex.org/W3009569511"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"Spinal":[1],"and":[2,49,99,139,162,205],"bulbar":[3],"muscular":[4],"atrophy":[5],"(SBMA)":[6],"is":[7,35,43],"a":[8,18,74],"hereditary":[9],"motor":[10,199],"neuron":[11],"disease":[12],"caused":[13],"by":[14,54,82,224],"the":[15,22,31,47,96,102,115,123,132,187,198,202,217,226,240],"expansion":[16],"of":[17,33,51,68,95,101,134,172,194,201,213,219,229,234,242,246],"polyglutamine":[19],"tract":[20],"in":[21,57,73,91,114,137,144,197,222],"androgen":[23,52,184,247],"receptor":[24],"(AR).":[25],"Animal":[26],"studies":[27],"have":[28],"shown":[29],"that":[30,183,211],"pathogenesis":[32],"SBMA":[34,63,223],"dependent":[36],"on":[37],"serum":[38],"testosterone":[39],"level.":[40],"This":[41],"study":[42],"aimed":[44],"at":[45],"evaluating":[46],"efficacy":[48],"safety":[50],"deprivation":[53,185,248],"leuprorelin":[55,69,97,106,152,177,214],"acetate":[56,70,129,153,178,215],"patients":[58,64,94,109,149],"with":[59,151],"SBMA.":[60,250],"METHODS:":[61],"Fifty":[62],"underwent":[65],"subcutaneous":[66],"injections":[67],"or":[71,190,192],"placebo":[72,103],"randomized,":[75],"placebo-controlled":[76],"trial":[77,85,117,238],"for":[78,86,122,154,179,249],"48":[79],"weeks,":[80,90],"followed":[81,120],"an":[83,87],"open-label":[84,116],"additional":[88],"96":[89],"which":[92],"19":[93],"group":[98,104],"15":[100],"received":[105,169,176],"acetate.":[107],"The":[108,148,232],"who":[110,168,175],"did":[111],"not":[112],"participate":[113],"were":[118],"also":[119],"up":[121],"96-week":[124],"period":[125],"(UMIN000000474).":[126],"RESULTS:":[127],"Leuprorelin":[128],"significantly":[130,158],"extended":[131],"duration":[133],"cricopharyngeal":[135],"opening":[136],"videofluorography":[138],"decreased":[140],"mutant":[141,195,230],"AR":[142,196],"accumulation":[143,189,228],"scrotal":[145],"skin":[146],"biopsy.":[147],"treated":[150],"144":[155],"weeks":[156,181],"exhibited":[157],"greater":[159],"functional":[160],"scores":[161],"better":[163],"swallowing":[164],"parameters":[165],"than":[166],"those":[167],"placebo.":[170],"Autopsy":[171],"one":[173],"patient":[174],"118":[180],"suggested":[182],"inhibits":[186],"nuclear":[188],"stabilization,":[191],"both,":[193],"neurons":[200],"spinal":[203],"cord":[204],"brainstem.":[206],"INTERPRETATION:":[207],"These":[208],"observations":[209],"suggest":[210],"administration":[212],"suppresses":[216],"deterioration":[218],"neuromuscular":[220],"impairment":[221],"inhibiting":[225],"toxic":[227],"AR.":[231],"results":[233],"this":[235],"phase":[236],"2":[237],"support":[239],"start":[241],"large-scale":[243],"clinical":[244],"trials":[245]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":19}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}