{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2155366018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2014.982174","title":"DETERMINATION OF REPRESENTATIVE LOADING CONDITIONS FOR EFFECTIVE SEMITRAILER DESIGN","display_name":"DETERMINATION OF REPRESENTATIVE LOADING CONDITIONS FOR EFFECTIVE SEMITRAILER DESIGN","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-12-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2155366018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2014.982174","mag":"2155366018"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3846/16484142.2014.982174","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2014.982174","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2014.982174","pdf_url":"https://journals.vilniustech.lt/index.php/Transport/article/download/2011/1617","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S141734234","display_name":"Transport","issn_l":"1648-3480","issn":["1648-3480","1648-4142"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317518","host_organization_name":"Vilnius Gediminas Technical University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Vilnius Gediminas Technical University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"TRANSPORT","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journals.vilniustech.lt/index.php/Transport/article/download/2011/1617","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089600455","display_name":"Karel Kural","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7650-0843","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7650-0843"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103855431","display_name":"HAN University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/0500gea42","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103855431"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karel Kural","raw_affiliation_strings":["HAN University of Applied Sciences","HAN Automotive Research, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Arnhem, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HAN University of Applied Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103855431"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"HAN Automotive Research, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Arnhem, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103855431"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071888709","display_name":"Mark Voskuijl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9193-1203","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9193-1203"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Voskuijl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Delft University of Technology","Flight Performance and Propulsion Group, Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Delft University of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Flight Performance and Propulsion Group, Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084381542","display_name":"Fengnian Tian","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tian Fengnian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Delft University of Technology,","Flight Performance and Propulsion Group, Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Delft University of Technology,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Flight Performance and Propulsion Group, Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111819863","display_name":"Joop P. Pauwelussen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103855431","display_name":"HAN University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/0500gea42","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103855431"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joop Pauwelussen","raw_affiliation_strings":["HAN University of Applied Sciences","HAN Automotive Research, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Arnhem, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HAN University of Applied Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103855431"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"HAN Automotive Research, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Arnhem, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103855431"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":400,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":431},"apc_paid":{"value":400,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":431},"fwci":0.9142,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80828119,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"4","first_page":"363","last_page":"375"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10805","display_name":"Vehicle Dynamics and Control Systems","score":0.6542999744415283,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10805","display_name":"Vehicle Dynamics and Control Systems","score":0.6542999744415283,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11394","display_name":"Dynamics and Control of Mechanical Systems","score":0.17270000278949738,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14156","display_name":"Engineering Applied Research","score":0.061500001698732376,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semi-trailers","display_name":"semi-trailers","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/load-spectrum","display_name":"load spectrum","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fatigue-life","display_name":"fatigue life","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wheel-load","display_name":"wheel load","score":0.5180000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multibody-simulation","display_name":"multibody simulation","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuel-efficiency","display_name":"fuel economy","score":0.4099999964237213}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779101595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7832787","display_name":"Trailer","level":2,"score":0.9441251158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89714869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2280470","display_name":"Dimensioning","level":2,"score":0.8005080819129944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.46846622228622437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.43285080790519714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89246107","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1398821","display_name":"Rule of thumb","level":2,"score":0.4240628182888031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.39063021540641785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.3476024270057678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.11470469832420349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.10149380564689636}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3846/16484142.2014.982174","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2014.982174","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2014.982174","pdf_url":"https://journals.vilniustech.lt/index.php/Transport/article/download/2011/1617","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S141734234","display_name":"Transport","issn_l":"1648-3480","issn":["1648-3480","1648-4142"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317518","host_organization_name":"Vilnius Gediminas Technical University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Vilnius Gediminas Technical University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"TRANSPORT","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.tue.nl:openaire/d1aa71bf-ff8c-473f-8781-467f32840865","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.tue.nl/en/publications/d1aa71bf-ff8c-473f-8781-467f32840865","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922641","display_name":"TU/e Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Kural, K, Voskuijl, M, Fengnian, T & Pauwelussen, J P 2014, 'Determination of representative loading conditions for effective semitrailer design', Transport, vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 363-375. https://doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2014.982174","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:789383","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://library.tue.nl/csp/dare/LinkToRepository.csp?recordnumber=789383","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922641","display_name":"TU/e Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN:1648-4142","raw_type":"Article / Letter to the editor"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:875b54485fda4acca591308d60d67a5e","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/875b54485fda4acca591308d60d67a5e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Transport, Vol 29, Iss 4 (2014)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:library.tue.nl:789383","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.tue.nl/789383","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922641","display_name":"TU/e Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN:1648-4142","raw_type":"Article / Letter to the editor"},{"id":"pmh:tue:oai:library.tue.nl:789383","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.tue.nl/789383","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922641","display_name":"TU/e Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Transport, 29(4), 363","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:tue:oai:pure.tue.nl:publications/d1aa71bf-ff8c-473f-8781-467f32840865","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.tue.nl/nl/publications/d1aa71bf-ff8c-473f-8781-467f32840865","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922641","display_name":"TU/e Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Transport, 29(4), 363 - 375. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3846/16484142.2014.982174","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2014.982174","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2014.982174","pdf_url":"https://journals.vilniustech.lt/index.php/Transport/article/download/2011/1617","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S141734234","display_name":"Transport","issn_l":"1648-3480","issn":["1648-3480","1648-4142"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317518","host_organization_name":"Vilnius Gediminas Technical University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Vilnius Gediminas Technical University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"TRANSPORT","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.7207000255584717}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2155366018.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2155366018.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W752724462","https://openalex.org/W1567992286","https://openalex.org/W1972584460","https://openalex.org/W1972638327","https://openalex.org/W1973045991","https://openalex.org/W1995000556","https://openalex.org/W2016466209","https://openalex.org/W2019954549","https://openalex.org/W2026797621","https://openalex.org/W2027598623","https://openalex.org/W2042482344","https://openalex.org/W2072789772","https://openalex.org/W2078131144","https://openalex.org/W2080157393","https://openalex.org/W2081746604","https://openalex.org/W2144903055","https://openalex.org/W2148606788","https://openalex.org/W2153762760","https://openalex.org/W2188669516","https://openalex.org/W2258083978","https://openalex.org/W3200868346","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6655591840"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W752724462","https://openalex.org/W2576696606","https://openalex.org/W2580321215","https://openalex.org/W2226800257","https://openalex.org/W1180759668","https://openalex.org/W6908383323","https://openalex.org/W2468150863","https://openalex.org/W1970495736","https://openalex.org/W4214581998","https://openalex.org/W2199187775"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Obtaining":[0],"a":[1,45,65,72,116,127,212,243],"representative":[2],"loading":[3,111,163,194],"spectrum":[4,37],"that":[5],"corresponds":[6],"well":[7],"to":[8,39,106,109,119,136,208,220,228],"the":[9,15,26,36,56,59,69,80,87,121,177,188,193,203,258],"reality":[10],"is":[11,82],"still":[12],"one":[13],"of":[14,25,35,43,48,55,58,71,74,91,98,165,179,184,187,192,197,261],"greatest":[16],"challenges":[17],"for":[18,170,248,257],"fatigue":[19],"life":[20],"calculations":[21],"and":[22,32,51,89,147,158,182,199,205,239,252],"optimal":[23],"design":[24,47],"trailer":[27,134,156,172,230,250],"body.":[28],"A":[29],"good":[30],"qualitative":[31],"quantitative":[33],"knowledge":[34],"leads":[38],"more":[40,166],"efficient":[41],"usage":[42],"material,":[44],"better":[46],"connection":[49],"points":[50],"an":[52,253],"overall":[53],"decrease":[54,67],"weight":[57],"trailer,":[60],"which":[61],"finally":[62],"results":[63,95],"in":[64,68,96,126,151,176,195,241],"significant":[66],"price":[70],"ton":[73],"cargo":[75],"per":[76],"km.":[77],"Despite":[78],"that,":[79],"approach":[81,118,217,234],"nowadays":[83],"mostly":[84],"based":[85],"on":[86,202],"experience":[88],"rules":[90],"thumb.":[92],"It":[93],"typically":[94],"over-dimensioning":[97],"some":[99],"parts":[100,103],"while":[101],"other":[102],"remain":[104],"vulnerable":[105],"failure":[107],"due":[108],"unknown":[110],"patterns.":[112],"This":[113],"paper":[114],"describes":[115],"generic":[117,214,244],"solve":[120],"problems":[122],"mentioned":[123],"above":[124],"applied":[125],"research":[128],"project":[129,143],"named":[130],"FORWARD":[131],"(Fuel":[132],"Optimized":[133],"Referring":[135],"Well":[137],"Assessed":[138],"Realistic":[139],"Design":[140],"loads).":[141],"The":[142,162,232],"lasted":[144],"two":[145],"years":[146],"was":[148,218,235],"carried":[149],"out":[150],"cooperation":[152],"with":[153],"several":[154],"different":[155],"manufacturers":[157],"1st":[159],"tier":[160],"suppliers.":[161],"history":[164],"than":[167],"1000":[168],"hours":[169],"five":[171],"types":[173],"were":[174],"captured":[175],"shape":[178],"strains,":[180],"accelerations":[181],"velocities":[183],"various":[185],"elements":[186],"trailers,":[189],"enabling":[190],"reconstruction":[191],"terms":[196],"forces":[198],"moments":[200],"acting":[201],"wheels":[204],"kingpin.":[206],"Parallel":[207],"this":[209],"extensive":[210],"test-campaign,":[211],"novel":[213],"physics-based":[215],"computational":[216,233],"developed":[219],"predict":[221],"selected":[222],"loads":[223],"encountered":[224],"during":[225],"common":[226],"manoeuvres":[227],"all":[229,249],"types.":[231],"validated":[236],"against":[237],"test-data":[238,262],"resulted":[240],"creating":[242],"multibody":[245],"library":[246],"applicable":[247],"types,":[251],"automated":[254],"post-processing":[255],"routine":[256],"large":[259],"amount":[260]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-22T06:50:58.402377","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}