{"id":"https://openalex.org/W215494359","doi":null,"title":"WILLIAM DAVID McELROY","display_name":"WILLIAM DAVID McELROY","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W215494359","mag":"215494359"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:215494359","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1P3-840756261/william-david-mcelroy","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306523957","display_name":"Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society: Held at Philadelphia for Promoting Useful Knowledge","issn_l":"0003-049X","issn":["0003-049X","2326-9243"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110255622","display_name":"Donald R. Helinski","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Donald R. Helinski","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110255622"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.05205248,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"149","issue":"1","first_page":"103","last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14475","display_name":"History of Science and Medicine","score":0.5756999850273132,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14475","display_name":"History of Science and Medicine","score":0.5756999850273132,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13495","display_name":"Biographical and Historical Analysis","score":0.4146000146865845,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10778","display_name":"Philosophy and History of Science","score":0.002400000113993883,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bioluminescence","display_name":"bioluminescence","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photosynthetic-bacteria","display_name":"photosynthetic bacteria","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bioluminescent-bacteria","display_name":"bioluminescent bacteria","score":0.4830000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atp","display_name":"ATP","score":0.36899998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-biochemistry","display_name":"history of biochemistry","score":0.414000004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/university-of-california-san-diego","display_name":"University of California, San Diego","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/johns-hopkins-university","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","score":0.5239999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scientific-leadership","display_name":"scientific leadership","score":0.4050000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scientific-institutions","display_name":"research institutions","score":0.31700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biographies-of-scientists","display_name":"biography of a scientist","score":0.4009999930858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/george-beadle","display_name":"George Beadle","score":0.6959999799728394}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779529714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2632744","display_name":"Graduation (instrument)","level":2,"score":0.6431498527526855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778061430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188823","display_name":"Scholarship","level":2,"score":0.6161613464355469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.42600560188293457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74916050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841090","display_name":"Classics","level":1,"score":0.38299477100372314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.34546467661857605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52119013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50637","display_name":"Art history","level":1,"score":0.3356831669807434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.2740095853805542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.23317372798919678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.20602470636367798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19131675362586975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:215494359","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1P3-840756261/william-david-mcelroy","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306523957","display_name":"Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society: Held at Philadelphia for Promoting Useful Knowledge","issn_l":"0003-049X","issn":["0003-049X","2326-9243"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2021939041","https://openalex.org/W1976037510","https://openalex.org/W2902972905","https://openalex.org/W6927292050","https://openalex.org/W4240252417","https://openalex.org/W3130035824","https://openalex.org/W1976276405","https://openalex.org/W7110609009","https://openalex.org/W3146075353","https://openalex.org/W4236960006"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"WILLIAM":[0],"DAVID":[1],"McELROY":[2],"died":[3],"17":[4],"February":[5],"1999.":[6],"He":[7,122,139,288],"not":[8,436,519],"only":[9,255,520],"distinguished":[10],"himself":[11],"as":[12,48,382,445],"an":[13,396,409],"experimentalist":[14],"in":[15,36,77,94,104,125,133,147,196,212,221,296,298,303,310,327,345,400,413,432,514,524,543,553,560],"the":[16,30,33,37,49,53,61,64,81,84,117,202,217,235,247,274,281,285,323,328,370,390,414,420,424,429,456,476,492,498,501,505,509,535,539,549,554,573,581,589,604,611],"biological":[17,415,544],"sciences,":[18],"but":[19],"through":[20,131,206],"his":[21,41,207,343,349,453,489],"leadership":[22],"of":[23,32,52,55,63,119,172,204,249,276,280,284,325,372,392,419,423,449,463,478,494,504,538,548,556,575,580,606],"several":[24],"major":[25,447],"scientific":[26,127,174,411],"institutions":[27],"greatly":[28],"influenced":[29,168,270],"development":[31,555],"basic":[34,561],"sciences":[35,69],"United":[38,329],"States.":[39],"Although":[40],"research":[42,181,398],"and":[43,67,73,83,92,128,135,149,160,182,231,264,300,305,333,341,466,482,488,508,512,526,559,601],"training":[44,111],"were":[45,473,480],"scientifically":[46],"based,":[47],"fourth":[50],"chancellor":[51],"University":[54,118,146,309,605],"California,":[56,607],"San":[57,85,608],"Diego,":[58,609],"he":[59,102,368,380,394,439],"encouraged":[60],"expansion":[62],"arts,":[65],"humanities,":[66],"social":[68],"on":[70,185,209,228,408],"that":[71,108,245,404,438,588],"campus":[72],"was":[74,90,190,232,269,314,440,518,593],"very":[75],"successful":[76],"forging":[78],"links":[79],"between":[80],"university":[82],"Diego":[86],"community.":[87],"Bill":[88,200,313,354,487,596],"McElroy":[89,224,267,355,459],"born":[91],"raised":[93],"Rogers,":[95],"Texas.":[96],"After":[97,347],"graduation":[98],"from":[99,293,307],"high":[100],"school":[101],"enrolled":[103],"Pasadena":[105],"Junior":[106],"College-at":[107],"time":[109,246],"a":[110,126,141,151,173,193,290,301,315,383,402,446,521,531,576],"ground":[112],"for":[113,116,386,452,484,534],"football":[114,142],"talent":[115],"Southern":[120],"California.":[121],"became":[123,150],"interested":[124],"academic":[129],"career":[130,412],"courses":[132,215],"chemistry":[134],"biology":[136,306],"at":[137,144,158,165,216,271,318,352,375,603],"Pasadena.":[138],"accepted":[140,369],"scholarship":[143],"Stanford":[145,159,166,272,358],"1937":[148],"premedical":[152],"major.":[153],"Professors":[154],"L.":[155],"R.":[156],"Blinks":[157,176],"C.":[161],"B.":[162],"van":[163,191],"Niel":[164],"profoundly":[167],"Dr.":[169],"McElroy's":[170,597],"choice":[171],"career.":[175],"introduced":[177,199,233,257,336],"him":[178,184,337,407],"to":[179,186,201,226,234,338,357,359,442,468,566,568],"original":[180],"turned":[183],"graduate":[187,316],"studies.":[188],"It":[189,584],"Niel,":[192],"legendary":[194],"figure":[195],"microbiology,":[197],"who":[198],"phenomenon":[203],"bioluminescence":[205,326,525,551],"studies":[208,351,564],"luminous":[210,450],"bacteria":[211,340],"summer":[213,391,430,457],"microbiology":[214],"Hopkins":[218,377],"Marine":[219],"Station":[220],"Pacific":[222],"Grove.":[223],"began":[225],"work":[227,362],"radioactive":[229],"phosphate":[230,250],"key":[236,502],"energy":[237,252],"compound":[238,541],"ATP":[239,511,542],"while":[240],"taking":[241],"these":[242],"courses.":[243],"At":[244],"concept":[248],"bond":[251],"had":[253],"been":[254],"recently":[256],"by":[258,273,497,595],"European":[259],"scientists,":[260],"including":[261,500],"Fritz":[262],"Lipmann":[263],"Herman":[265],"Kalckar.":[266],"also":[268,529],"teaching":[275],"George":[277,364],"Beadle,":[278],"one":[279],"great":[282],"geneticists":[283],"twentieth":[286],"century.":[287],"obtained":[289],"master's":[291],"degree":[292],"Reed":[294],"College":[295],"Oregon":[297],"1941":[299],"doctorate":[302],"biochemistry":[304],"Princeton":[308],"1943.":[311],"When":[312],"student":[317],"Princeton,":[319,353],"E.":[320],"Newton":[321],"Harvey,":[322],"father":[324],"States,":[330],"Frank":[331],"Johnson,":[332],"Henry":[334],"Eyring":[335],"photosynthetic":[339],"deepened":[342],"interest":[344],"bioluminescence.":[346],"completing":[348],"Ph.D.":[350],"returned":[356],"do":[360],"postdoctoral":[361],"with":[363,572],"Beadle.":[365],"In":[366,389,417],"1947":[367,393],"position":[371],"assistant":[373],"professor":[374],"Johns":[376],"University,":[378],"where":[379],"remained":[381],"faculty":[384],"member":[385],"twenty-three":[387],"years.":[388],"initiated":[395],"independent":[397],"program":[399],"bioluminescence,":[401],"decision":[403],"would":[405],"launch":[406],"illustrious":[410],"sciences.":[416],"view":[418],"plentiful":[421],"supply":[422],"firefly,":[425,499],"Photinus":[426],"pyralis,":[427],"during":[428],"months":[431],"Baltimore,":[433],"it":[434,528],"is":[435,585],"surprising":[437],"attracted":[441],"this":[443,515,569],"insect":[444],"source":[448,579],"organisms":[451],"research.":[454],"During":[455],"months,":[458],"recruited":[460],"large":[461],"numbers":[462],"young":[464],"individuals":[465],"students":[467,490],"collect":[469],"fireflies.":[470],"Some":[471],"fireflies":[472],"used":[474],"immediately;":[475],"lanterns":[477],"others":[479],"excised":[481],"frozen":[483],"future":[485],"work.":[486],"elucidated":[491],"mechanism":[493],"light":[495],"emission":[496],"roles":[503],"enzyme":[506],"luciferase":[507,591],"compounds":[510],"luciferin":[513],"process.":[516],"This":[517],"fundamental":[522],"discovery":[523],"bioenergetics;":[527],"provided":[530],"sensitive":[532],"method":[533],"quantitative":[536],"measurement":[537],"high-energy":[540],"systems.":[545],"The":[546],"use":[547],"firefly":[550,582,590],"system":[552],"diagnostic":[557],"assays":[558],"gene":[562,592],"expression":[563],"continues":[565],"grow":[567],"day,":[570],"particularly":[571],"availability":[574],"recombinant":[577,612],"DNA":[578,613],"luciferase.":[583],"perhaps":[586],"fitting":[587],"constructed":[594],"wife,":[598],"Marlene":[599],"DeLuca,":[600],"collaborators":[602],"using":[610],"technology.":[614],"\u2026":[615]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}