{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2154666920","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09512740110064820","title":"The United States, Japan, and the power to block: the APEC and AMF cases","display_name":"The United States, Japan, and the power to block: the APEC and AMF cases","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2154666920","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09512740110064820","mag":"2154666920"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/09512740110064820","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09512740110064820","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09512740110064820","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S136982956","display_name":"The Pacific Review","issn_l":"0951-2748","issn":["0951-2748","1470-1332"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Pacific Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005467913","display_name":"David P. Rapkin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David P. Rapkin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005467913"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":15.8039,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":66,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98539824,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"3","first_page":"373","last_page":"410"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10053","display_name":"International Relations and Foreign Policy","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10053","display_name":"International Relations and Foreign Policy","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13352","display_name":"International Relations in Latin America","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10503","display_name":"Global Financial Crisis and Policies","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/apec","display_name":"APEC","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/us-japan-relations","display_name":"US-Japan relations","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regional-leadership","display_name":"regional leadership","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regionalism","display_name":"regionalism","score":0.44699999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/post-cold-war-international-relations","display_name":"post-Cold War international relations","score":0.5960000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/us-hegemony","display_name":"US hegemony","score":0.5910000205039978}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109913982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208330","display_name":"Stalemate","level":3,"score":0.9674785137176514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.6292566061019897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135121143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182034","display_name":"Hegemony","level":3,"score":0.6161559224128723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777932401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1471594","display_name":"Collective action","level":3,"score":0.611293613910675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5339378714561462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778663192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5146169","display_name":"Collective leadership","level":3,"score":0.4841178357601166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.4806157946586609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100776233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2532492","display_name":"Bridge (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.4534272849559784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.4404986500740051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4264368414878845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.4240127205848694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.34636250138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.34444648027420044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.1563432514667511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.13897189497947693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.0996599793434143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.08223223686218262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/09512740110064820","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09512740110064820","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09512740110064820","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S136982956","display_name":"The Pacific Review","issn_l":"0951-2748","issn":["0951-2748","1470-1332"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Pacific Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.1080/09512740126819","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09512740126819","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09512740126819","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S136982956","display_name":"The Pacific Review","issn_l":"0951-2748","issn":["0951-2748","1470-1332"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Pacific Review","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.666700005531311,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W23347038","https://openalex.org/W584069860","https://openalex.org/W624759513","https://openalex.org/W646890907","https://openalex.org/W1486602424","https://openalex.org/W1491473910","https://openalex.org/W1532055575","https://openalex.org/W1539717039","https://openalex.org/W1572454844","https://openalex.org/W1599847200","https://openalex.org/W1972178529","https://openalex.org/W1980048627","https://openalex.org/W1981602581","https://openalex.org/W1998299041","https://openalex.org/W2026981354","https://openalex.org/W2028641475","https://openalex.org/W2032234155","https://openalex.org/W2047930718","https://openalex.org/W2079351467","https://openalex.org/W2087081027","https://openalex.org/W2104746950","https://openalex.org/W2138977783","https://openalex.org/W2144083023","https://openalex.org/W2145107797","https://openalex.org/W2150261734","https://openalex.org/W2188195216","https://openalex.org/W2259623782","https://openalex.org/W2312249406","https://openalex.org/W2320625163","https://openalex.org/W2321202906","https://openalex.org/W2740033970","https://openalex.org/W2793180889","https://openalex.org/W2799910945","https://openalex.org/W2801796564","https://openalex.org/W2903273401","https://openalex.org/W3008003825","https://openalex.org/W3122340643","https://openalex.org/W3146626171","https://openalex.org/W4225640132","https://openalex.org/W4231593675","https://openalex.org/W4235438310","https://openalex.org/W4240536884","https://openalex.org/W4241538937","https://openalex.org/W4243043750","https://openalex.org/W4301623696","https://openalex.org/W4367027502"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2073923799","https://openalex.org/W2404801363","https://openalex.org/W2064130124","https://openalex.org/W2027614718","https://openalex.org/W4410182375","https://openalex.org/W2146249126","https://openalex.org/W2956912595","https://openalex.org/W2968878573","https://openalex.org/W2028811505","https://openalex.org/W1496175977"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1,73],"argues":[2],"that":[3,84],"the":[4,9,27,50,65,72,78,92,95,110],"evolution":[5],"of":[6,11,19,67,77,135],"APEC":[7,79],"and":[8,21,69,80,102,121,133],"rejection":[10],"Japan's":[12],"1997":[13],"AMF":[14],"proposal":[15],"reflect":[16],"a":[17,86,105,127],"failure":[18],"Japanese":[20],"US":[22,88,111],"leadership.":[23,38,62],"Not":[24],"only":[25],"have":[26,41],"two":[28],"countries":[29],"failed":[30],"to":[31,48,60,97,117,125],"exercise":[32,61],"either":[33],"individual":[34],"or":[35],"shared":[36],"regional":[37,54,136],"Instead,":[39],"both":[40],"used":[42],"their":[43,119],"considerable":[44],"structural":[45],"power":[46],"negatively":[47],"block":[49],"other's":[51],"proposals":[52],"for":[53],"collective":[55,99,137],"action,":[56],"rather":[57],"than":[58],"positively":[59],"After":[63],"developing":[64],"concepts":[66],"leadership":[68],"blocking":[70],"power,":[71],"provides":[74],"case":[75],"studies":[76],"AMF.":[81],"It":[82],"concludes":[83],"if":[85,103],"post-hegemonic":[87],"no":[89],"longer":[90],"has":[91,114],"willingness":[93],"and/or":[94],"ability":[96],"undertake":[98],"action":[100],"single-handedly,":[101],"in":[104],"post-Cold":[106],"War":[107],"world":[108],"neither":[109],"nor":[112],"Japan":[113],"sufficient":[115],"incentives":[116],"bridge":[118],"differences":[120],"sacrifice":[122],"some":[123],"interests":[124],"achieve":[126],"unified":[128],"stance,":[129],"then":[130],"continued":[131],"stalemate":[132],"under-supply":[134],"goods":[138],"can":[139],"be":[140],"expected.":[141]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}