{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2154609387","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.02244","title":"Phenotypic plasticity and experimental evolution","display_name":"Phenotypic plasticity and experimental evolution","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-05-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2154609387","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.02244","mag":"2154609387","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16731811"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1242/jeb.02244","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.02244","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.02244","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20257348","display_name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","issn_l":"0022-0949","issn":["0022-0949","1477-9145"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311847","host_organization_name":"The Company of Biologists","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311847"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The Company of Biologists"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W2154609387"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019388483","display_name":"Theodore Garland","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7916-3552","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7916-3552"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103635307","display_name":"University of California, Riverside","ror":"https://ror.org/03nawhv43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Theodore Garland","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biology, University of California, Riverside,Riverside, CA 92521, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology, University of California, Riverside,Riverside, CA 92521, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030321099","display_name":"Scott A. Kelly","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7982-6010","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7982-6010"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103635307","display_name":"University of California, Riverside","ror":"https://ror.org/03nawhv43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Scott A. Kelly","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biology, University of California, Riverside,Riverside, CA 92521, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology, University of California, Riverside,Riverside, CA 92521, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8469,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":328,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87195122,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"209","issue":"12","first_page":"2344","last_page":"2361"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10174","display_name":"Animal Behavior and Reproduction","score":0.7836999893188477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10174","display_name":"Animal Behavior and Reproduction","score":0.7836999893188477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11764","display_name":"Evolution and Genetic Dynamics","score":0.1931000053882599,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11056","display_name":"Physiological and biochemical adaptations","score":0.008200000040233135,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phenotypic-plasticity","display_name":"phenotypic plasticity","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/experimental-evolution","display_name":"experimental evolution","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/directional-selection","display_name":"directional selection","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection-regimes","display_name":"selection regimes","score":0.39500001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drosophila","display_name":"Drosophila","score":0.753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detoxification-enzymes","display_name":"detoxification enzymes","score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/house-mice","display_name":"house mice","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wheel-running","display_name":"wheel running","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voluntary-activity","display_name":"voluntary activity","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training-adaptation","display_name":"training effects","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glut4","display_name":"GLUT4","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gastrocnemius-muscle","display_name":"gastrocnemius","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-correlation","display_name":"genetic correlation","score":0.4490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phenotypic-variance","display_name":"phenotypic variance","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/desiccation-stress","display_name":"desiccation stress","score":0.4659999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene-environment-interaction","display_name":"gene-environment interaction","score":0.47600001096725464}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62277055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295130","display_name":"Phenotypic plasticity","level":2,"score":0.822400689125061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.8032135963439941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106934330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1971873","display_name":"Trait","level":2,"score":0.7168334126472473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.6536180973052979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127716648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104053","display_name":"Phenotype","level":3,"score":0.634243369102478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.6010201573371887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5927996635437012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180754005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80726","display_name":"Allele","level":3,"score":0.5581609606742859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90032942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q764759","display_name":"Directional selection","level":4,"score":0.5190642476081848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.5013647079467773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75268714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43478","display_name":"Natural selection","level":3,"score":0.4875142276287079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81941488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853421","display_name":"Quantitative trait locus","level":3,"score":0.48163384199142456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79186407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q472074","display_name":"Plasticity","level":2,"score":0.4732525944709778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68873052","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q349856","display_name":"Genetic variation","level":3,"score":0.29304200410842896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.2516399919986725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000222","descriptor_name":"Adaptation, Physiological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005075","descriptor_name":"Biological Evolution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010641","descriptor_name":"Phenotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012106","descriptor_name":"Research","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012641","descriptor_name":"Selection, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1242/jeb.02244","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.02244","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.02244","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20257348","display_name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","issn_l":"0022-0949","issn":["0022-0949","1477-9145"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311847","host_organization_name":"The Company of Biologists","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311847"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The Company of Biologists"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:16731811","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16731811","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of experimental biology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.210.8564","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.210.8564","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.biology.ucr.edu/people/faculty/Garland/Garland_and_Kelly_2006.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":136,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W561991704","https://openalex.org/W594535149","https://openalex.org/W609677211","https://openalex.org/W638076609","https://openalex.org/W783873688","https://openalex.org/W1545072498","https://openalex.org/W1548178315","https://openalex.org/W1563138337","https://openalex.org/W1563177871","https://openalex.org/W1577941315","https://openalex.org/W1604980215","https://openalex.org/W1639745198","https://openalex.org/W1759121226","https://openalex.org/W1836668103","https://openalex.org/W1925894237","https://openalex.org/W1936235473","https://openalex.org/W1948556888","https://openalex.org/W1959304755","https://openalex.org/W1962317402","https://openalex.org/W1963703713","https://openalex.org/W1967546437","https://openalex.org/W1968314159","https://openalex.org/W1971491428","https://openalex.org/W1975636294","https://openalex.org/W1980228202","https://openalex.org/W1987312773","https://openalex.org/W1997434617","https://openalex.org/W1998198644","https://openalex.org/W2005055844","https://openalex.org/W2010549615","https://openalex.org/W2011319923","https://openalex.org/W2014353255","https://openalex.org/W2016732536","https://openalex.org/W2017268286","https://openalex.org/W2017421512","https://openalex.org/W2018982354","https://openalex.org/W2020190513","https://openalex.org/W2027795399","https://openalex.org/W2028424200","https://openalex.org/W2031573366","https://openalex.org/W2040798713","https://openalex.org/W2044819829","https://openalex.org/W2046143295","https://openalex.org/W2046451576","https://openalex.org/W2055105657","https://openalex.org/W2056765606","https://openalex.org/W2064953066","https://openalex.org/W2064985760","https://openalex.org/W2073865580","https://openalex.org/W2075151578","https://openalex.org/W2080618944","https://openalex.org/W2081828076","https://openalex.org/W2085684208","https://openalex.org/W2088422888","https://openalex.org/W2088717394","https://openalex.org/W2093039586","https://openalex.org/W2093707140","https://openalex.org/W2096571388","https://openalex.org/W2097210493","https://openalex.org/W2097482911","https://openalex.org/W2100456910","https://openalex.org/W2101180570","https://openalex.org/W2101880235","https://openalex.org/W2102513172","https://openalex.org/W2103026220","https://openalex.org/W2103049861","https://openalex.org/W2103656305","https://openalex.org/W2105007096","https://openalex.org/W2105225554","https://openalex.org/W2105372477","https://openalex.org/W2106225750","https://openalex.org/W2107592593","https://openalex.org/W2108981107","https://openalex.org/W2110181421","https://openalex.org/W2112323954","https://openalex.org/W2116067373","https://openalex.org/W2116557674","https://openalex.org/W2122211620","https://openalex.org/W2122591605","https://openalex.org/W2122726493","https://openalex.org/W2123020279","https://openalex.org/W2126692736","https://openalex.org/W2128895419","https://openalex.org/W2129026622","https://openalex.org/W2134316915","https://openalex.org/W2134835006","https://openalex.org/W2137986067","https://openalex.org/W2138473891","https://openalex.org/W2140053393","https://openalex.org/W2141088880","https://openalex.org/W2144361336","https://openalex.org/W2144795428","https://openalex.org/W2147967849","https://openalex.org/W2148740602","https://openalex.org/W2149054550","https://openalex.org/W2149883657","https://openalex.org/W2152648796","https://openalex.org/W2154120619","https://openalex.org/W2155354341","https://openalex.org/W2156091060","https://openalex.org/W2161169328","https://openalex.org/W2162862956","https://openalex.org/W2164441495","https://openalex.org/W2165558339","https://openalex.org/W2165903048","https://openalex.org/W2166163241","https://openalex.org/W2167056096","https://openalex.org/W2167256902","https://openalex.org/W2167813704","https://openalex.org/W2167878272","https://openalex.org/W2168231511","https://openalex.org/W2169466694","https://openalex.org/W2170722275","https://openalex.org/W2171552997","https://openalex.org/W2174023940","https://openalex.org/W2175843266","https://openalex.org/W2177902591","https://openalex.org/W2180277885","https://openalex.org/W2184301063","https://openalex.org/W2259056566","https://openalex.org/W2316966374","https://openalex.org/W2322715144","https://openalex.org/W2327312758","https://openalex.org/W2416760697","https://openalex.org/W2558273233","https://openalex.org/W2654948441","https://openalex.org/W2990686482","https://openalex.org/W3154391358","https://openalex.org/W4230271580","https://openalex.org/W4237983596","https://openalex.org/W4244087273","https://openalex.org/W4245549186","https://openalex.org/W4319588628","https://openalex.org/W4388310931","https://openalex.org/W6617784569","https://openalex.org/W6634677644"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1909560641","https://openalex.org/W2588903539","https://openalex.org/W1563138337","https://openalex.org/W1133167340","https://openalex.org/W2567563743","https://openalex.org/W1970181294","https://openalex.org/W1863560519","https://openalex.org/W2100456910"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Natural":[0],"or":[1,151,217,279,307],"artificial":[2],"selection":[3,82,130,207,437],"that":[4,21,68,80,86,132,146,157,183,220,351,435],"favors":[5],"higher":[6],"values":[7],"of":[8,26,37,48,93,103,138,160,173,201,213,231,241,296,338,348,410,462],"a":[9,13,202,258,353,407,422,460],"particular":[10],"trait":[11,39,57],"within":[12],"given":[14,408],"population":[15],"should":[16,83,448],"engender":[17],"an":[18,179],"evolutionary":[19],"response":[20,424,464],"increases":[22],"the":[23,27,34,38,52,56,77,91,101,136,211,239,242,254,271,314,322,327,331,341,349,358,363,370,378,393,402,418,430,441,453,463],"mean":[24],"value":[25],"trait.":[28],"For":[29,346,390],"this":[30],"prediction":[31,118],"to":[32,106,114,224,286,396,465],"hold,":[33],"phenotypic":[35,88,96],"variance":[36],"must":[40,58],"be":[41,60,374],"caused":[42],"in":[43,51,76,90,192,226,246,253,290,304,312,321,326,330,340,357,362,367,401,417,429,439,452],"part":[44],"by":[45,377,383],"additive":[46],"effects":[47,303],"alleles":[49,85],"segregating":[50],"population,":[53],"and":[54,167,274,316,334,343],"also":[55,177],"not":[59],"too":[61],"strongly":[62],"genetically":[63],"correlated":[64],"with":[65,144,181,278,427],"other":[66],"traits":[67,219,350],"are":[69],"under":[70],"selection.":[71,466],"Another":[72],"prediction,":[73],"rarely":[74],"discussed":[75],"literature,":[78],"is":[79,98,444],"directional":[81],"favor":[84],"increase":[87,225],"plasticity":[89,97,140,172,227,252,291,400,451],"direction":[92,329,365,456],"selection,":[94],"where":[95],"defined":[99],"as":[100,238,366,413,425,459],"ability":[102],"one":[104,110,155],"genotype":[105],"produce":[107],"more":[108,388,445],"than":[109,446],"phenotype":[111],"when":[112],"exposed":[113],"different":[115],"environments.":[116],"This":[117,206],"has":[119,457],"received":[120],"relatively":[121],"little":[122],"empirical":[123],"attention.":[124],"Nonetheless,":[125],"many":[126],"laboratory":[127],"experiments":[128,264],"impose":[129],"regimes":[131],"could":[133],"allow":[134],"for":[135,148,164,170,187,210,283,288,406],"evolution":[137],"enhanced":[139,171,251],"(e.g.":[141],"desiccation":[142],"trials":[143],"Drosophila":[145,161],"last":[147],"several":[149,263,284],"hours":[150],"days).":[152],"We":[153,176,433],"review":[154,178],"example":[156,180],"involved":[158],"culturing":[159],"on":[162,198],"lemon":[163],"multiple":[165],"generations":[166],"then":[168],"tested":[169],"detoxifying":[174],"enzymes.":[175],"vertebrates":[182],"involves":[184],"selective":[185,442],"breeding":[186],"high":[188],"voluntary":[189],"activity":[190],"levels":[191],"house":[193],"mice,":[194,309],"targeting":[195],"wheel-running":[196],"behavior":[197],"days":[199,229],"5+6":[200],"6-day":[203],"wheel":[204,214,232,281,380,414],"exposure.":[205],"regime":[208],"allows":[209],"possibility":[212],"running":[215,223,381],"itself":[216],"subordinate":[218],"support":[221],"such":[222,237,412],"over":[228,257],"1-4":[230],"access.":[233],"Indeed,":[234],"some":[235,347],"traits,":[236],"concentration":[240],"glucose":[243],"transporter":[244],"GLUT4":[245],"gastrocnemius":[247],"muscle,":[248],"do":[249],"show":[250,352,421],"selected":[255],"lines":[256,277,324,385,404,420],"5-6":[259],"day":[260],"period.":[261],"In":[262],"we":[265],"have":[266],"housed":[267],"mice":[268],"from":[269],"both":[270,313],"Selected":[272],"(S)":[273],"Control":[275],"(C)":[276],"without":[280],"access":[282],"weeks":[285],"test":[287],"differences":[289,394],"(training":[292],"effects).":[293],"A":[294],"variety":[295],"patterns":[297],"were":[298],"observed,":[299],"including":[300],"no":[301],"training":[302,355],"either":[305],"S":[306,315,323,342,359,384,403,419],"C":[308,317,332,344,368,431],"similar":[310],"changes":[311,320],"lines,":[318,333,360,369],"greater":[319,354,371,379,399,423],"but":[325,361],"same":[328,364],"even":[335],"opposite":[336],"directions":[337],"change":[339],"lines.":[345],"effect":[356,372],"can":[373],"explained":[375],"statistically":[376],"exhibited":[382],"('more":[386],"pain,":[387],"gain').":[389],"others,":[391],"however,":[392],"seem":[395],"reflect":[397],"inherently":[398],"(i.e.":[405],"amount":[409],"stimulus,":[411],"running/day,":[415],"individuals":[416,428],"compared":[426],"lines).":[432],"suggest":[434],"any":[436],"experiment":[438],"which":[440],"event":[443],"instantaneous":[447],"explore":[449],"whether":[450],"appropriate":[454],"(adaptive)":[455],"increased":[458],"component":[461]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":19}],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}