{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2154550481","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0022429411424798","title":"Distributed Practice and Procedural Memory Consolidation in Musicians\u2019 Skill Learning","display_name":"Distributed Practice and Procedural Memory Consolidation in Musicians\u2019 Skill Learning","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-11-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2154550481","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0022429411424798","mag":"2154550481"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/0022429411424798","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0022429411424798","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0022429411424798","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20712160","display_name":"Journal of Research in Music Education","issn_l":"0022-4294","issn":["0022-4294","1945-0095"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Research in Music Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084742190","display_name":"Amy L. Simmons","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1754-3373","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1754-3373"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13511017","display_name":"Texas State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05h9q1g27","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13511017"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Amy L. Simmons","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas State University\u2013San Marcos, San Marcos, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas State University\u2013San Marcos, San Marcos, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13511017"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084742190"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13511017"],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":68.3129,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":82,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99724914,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"59","issue":"4","first_page":"357","last_page":"368"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11425","display_name":"Diverse Music Education Insights","score":0.4684999883174896,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1210","display_name":"Music"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11425","display_name":"Diverse Music Education Insights","score":0.4684999883174896,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1210","display_name":"Music"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10788","display_name":"Neuroscience and Music Perception","score":0.24210000038146973,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10985","display_name":"Sleep and Wakefulness Research","score":0.08229999989271164,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-practice","display_name":"distributed practice","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/performance-accuracy","display_name":"performance accuracy","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/performance-speed","display_name":"performance speed","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/piano-learning","display_name":"piano learning","score":0.6140000224113464}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779182362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17126187","display_name":"Session (web analytics)","level":2,"score":0.7583945989608765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776014549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3050847","display_name":"Consolidation (business)","level":2,"score":0.7354095578193665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48455012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2892593","display_name":"Memory consolidation","level":3,"score":0.6844370365142822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164749973","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18606","display_name":"Procedural memory","level":3,"score":0.6392562985420227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124086623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5994","display_name":"Piano","level":2,"score":0.6142618060112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5796313881874084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.437531054019928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.337815523147583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2425699234008789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.18158245086669922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0958544909954071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781161787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48360","display_name":"Hippocampus","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52119013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50637","display_name":"Art history","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/0022429411424798","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0022429411424798","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0022429411424798","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20712160","display_name":"Journal of Research in Music Education","issn_l":"0022-4294","issn":["0022-4294","1945-0095"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Research in Music Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.951.1244","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.951.1244","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://jrm.sagepub.com/content/59/4/357.full.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.953.3720","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.953.3720","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://jrm.sagepub.com/content/early/2011/11/15/0022429411424798.full.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1606916117","https://openalex.org/W1968796419","https://openalex.org/W1970166705","https://openalex.org/W1973474480","https://openalex.org/W1976212031","https://openalex.org/W1980933730","https://openalex.org/W1983485160","https://openalex.org/W1986717524","https://openalex.org/W1989736446","https://openalex.org/W2002716918","https://openalex.org/W2002873194","https://openalex.org/W2003226966","https://openalex.org/W2016457507","https://openalex.org/W2022468720","https://openalex.org/W2031890174","https://openalex.org/W2050323844","https://openalex.org/W2064632790","https://openalex.org/W2083133776","https://openalex.org/W2086009184","https://openalex.org/W2086201601","https://openalex.org/W2095492977","https://openalex.org/W2115197943","https://openalex.org/W2117821385","https://openalex.org/W2130000957","https://openalex.org/W2132095567","https://openalex.org/W2151632193","https://openalex.org/W2496933225","https://openalex.org/W7097207051","https://openalex.org/W7097319441"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7096744196","https://openalex.org/W7037392800","https://openalex.org/W2118148860","https://openalex.org/W2113260698","https://openalex.org/W2022468720","https://openalex.org/W7096395698","https://openalex.org/W4403645979","https://openalex.org/W2064632790","https://openalex.org/W2115197943","https://openalex.org/W7098243563"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"research":[1],"was":[2],"designed":[3],"to":[4,86,143],"determine":[5],"whether":[6],"musicians\u2019":[7],"learning":[8],"is":[9],"affected":[10],"by":[11,37,63,114],"the":[12,57,87,95,108],"time":[13],"intervals":[14],"interposed":[15],"between":[16],"practice":[17,32,79],"sessions.":[18],"Twenty-nine":[19],"non-pianist":[20],"musicians":[21],"learned":[22],"a":[23,27],"9-note":[24],"sequence":[25],"on":[26],"piano":[28],"keyboard":[29],"in":[30,47,52,56,70,73,76,94,103,107,131,137],"three":[31,78],"sessions":[33,60,111],"that":[34,122],"were":[35,50,61,67,84,101,112],"separated":[36,62,113],"5":[38],"min,":[39],"6":[40,115],"hr,":[41],"or":[42],"24":[43,64,117],"hr.":[44,65,118],"Significant":[45],"improvements":[46],"performance":[48,71,129,138],"accuracy":[49,130],"observed":[51,102],"Session":[53,74,91,104],"2":[54,75],"only":[55,106],"group":[58],"whose":[59,110],"There":[66],"significant":[68,98],"increases":[69,100],"speed":[72,99,139],"all":[77,90],"conditions,":[80],"results":[81,120],"which":[82],"likely":[83],"attributable":[85,142],"inclusion":[88],"of":[89],"1":[92],"data":[93],"analysis.":[96],"Additional":[97],"3":[105],"groups":[109],"and":[116,146],"These":[119],"suggest":[121],"sleep-based":[123,147],"procedural":[124],"memory":[125],"consolidation":[126,148],"may":[127,140],"enhance":[128],"music":[132],"skill":[133],"learning,":[134],"whereas":[135],"enhancements":[136],"be":[141],"both":[144],"wake-":[145],"processes.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}