{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2154093583","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psc.2012.03.003","title":"State of the Art Treatments for Cannabis Dependence","display_name":"State of the Art Treatments for Cannabis Dependence","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-04-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2154093583","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psc.2012.03.003","mag":"2154093583","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22640758"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.psc.2012.03.003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psc.2012.03.003","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psc.2012.03.003","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S121233926","display_name":"Psychiatric Clinics of North America","issn_l":"0193-953X","issn":["0193-953X","1558-3147"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychiatric Clinics of North America","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3371269","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003777938","display_name":"Itai Danovitch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9580-6450","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9580-6450"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282927834","display_name":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02pammg90","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282927834"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Itai Danovitch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA. itai.danovitch@cshs.org","Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8730 Alden Drive, Suite 301, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA. itai.danovitch@cshs.org","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282927834"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8730 Alden Drive, Suite 301, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282927834"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075445771","display_name":"David A. Gorelick","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1389-1394","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1389-1394"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126744593","display_name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","ror":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126744593"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1327069482","display_name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","ror":"https://ror.org/00fq5cm18","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I1327069482"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David A. Gorelick","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chemistry and Drug Metabolism Section, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 200, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA","Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chemistry and Drug Metabolism Section, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 200, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I1327069482"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126744593"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003777938"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282927834"],"apc_list":{"value":2900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2900},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.3176,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":124,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97741352,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"2","first_page":"309","last_page":"326"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10043","display_name":"Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes","score":0.9404000043869019,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10043","display_name":"Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes","score":0.9404000043869019,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10414","display_name":"Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research","score":0.047200001776218414,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10060","display_name":"Smoking Behavior and Cessation","score":0.005900000222027302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cannabis-use-disorder","display_name":"cannabis use disorder","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abstinence","display_name":"abstinence","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-engagement","display_name":"treatment engagement","score":0.37299999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co-occurring-disorders","display_name":"co-occurring disorders","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/12-step-programs","display_name":"12-step programs","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-therapy","display_name":"pharmacotherapy","score":0.675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychosocial-interventions","display_name":"psychosocial interventions","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combination-therapy","display_name":"combination therapy","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motivational-interventions","display_name":"motivational interventions","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incentives","display_name":"incentives","score":0.550000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relapse-prevention","display_name":"relapse prevention","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adolescents","display_name":"adolescents","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/family-involvement","display_name":"family involvement","score":0.5490000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brief-intervention","display_name":"brief intervention","score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-care","display_name":"primary care","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/continuing-care","display_name":"continuing care","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-accessibility","display_name":"treatment accessibility","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-capacity","display_name":"treatment capacity","score":0.4020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cannabis-harm-reduction","display_name":"cannabis harm reduction","score":0.4399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media-interventions","display_name":"social media interventions","score":0.44999998807907104}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.6639364957809448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189708586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1504425","display_name":"Systematic review","level":3,"score":0.6332412958145142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.5826707482337952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150966472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3410145","display_name":"Psychosocial","level":2,"score":0.5680863857269287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779541405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q498902","display_name":"Craving","level":3,"score":0.5656253695487976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.5430916547775269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777056318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79817","display_name":"Cannabis","level":2,"score":0.5287104845046997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.516351580619812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105867702","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165351","display_name":"Contingency management","level":3,"score":0.506972074508667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780444219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q341045","display_name":"Mindfulness","level":2,"score":0.5018579959869385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210978","display_name":"Abstinence","level":2,"score":0.5005502700805664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781265626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1147152","display_name":"Cognitive behavioral therapy","level":3,"score":0.4810121953487396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.4401968717575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910205722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3743620","display_name":"Cannabis Dependence","level":4,"score":0.4329652786254883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780559815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1129046","display_name":"Alexithymia","level":2,"score":0.42469415068626404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.39523881673812866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3853640556335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.3518202602863312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48856860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12029","display_name":"Addiction","level":2,"score":0.3460240364074707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.2247241735458374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776895053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422917","display_name":"Cannabidiol","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002186","descriptor_name":"Cannabinoids","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002186","descriptor_name":"Cannabinoids","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002186","descriptor_name":"Cannabinoids","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002186","descriptor_name":"Cannabinoids","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002186","descriptor_name":"Cannabinoids","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002186","descriptor_name":"Cannabinoids","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002186","descriptor_name":"Cannabinoids","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002189","descriptor_name":"Marijuana Abuse","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002189","descriptor_name":"Marijuana Abuse","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002189","descriptor_name":"Marijuana Abuse","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002189","descriptor_name":"Marijuana Abuse","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002189","descriptor_name":"Marijuana Abuse","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002189","descriptor_name":"Marijuana Abuse","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002189","descriptor_name":"Marijuana Abuse","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002189","descriptor_name":"Marijuana Abuse","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002189","descriptor_name":"Marijuana Abuse","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002189","descriptor_name":"Marijuana Abuse","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002189","descriptor_name":"Marijuana Abuse","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002189","descriptor_name":"Marijuana Abuse","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002189","descriptor_name":"Marijuana Abuse","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002189","descriptor_name":"Marijuana Abuse","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002189","descriptor_name":"Marijuana Abuse","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002189","descriptor_name":"Marijuana Abuse","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002189","descriptor_name":"Marijuana Abuse","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002189","descriptor_name":"Marijuana Abuse","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002189","descriptor_name":"Marijuana Abuse","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002189","descriptor_name":"Marijuana Abuse","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002189","descriptor_name":"Marijuana Abuse","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003131","descriptor_name":"Combined Modality Therapy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003131","descriptor_name":"Combined Modality Therapy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003131","descriptor_name":"Combined Modality Therapy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003131","descriptor_name":"Combined Modality Therapy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003131","descriptor_name":"Combined Modality Therapy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003131","descriptor_name":"Combined Modality Therapy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003131","descriptor_name":"Combined Modality Therapy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003866","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003866","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003866","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003866","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003866","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003866","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003866","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003866","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003866","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003866","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003866","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003866","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003866","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003866","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011613","descriptor_name":"Psychotherapy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011613","descriptor_name":"Psychotherapy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011613","descriptor_name":"Psychotherapy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011613","descriptor_name":"Psychotherapy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011613","descriptor_name":"Psychotherapy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011613","descriptor_name":"Psychotherapy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011613","descriptor_name":"Psychotherapy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013375","descriptor_name":"Substance Withdrawal Syndrome","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013375","descriptor_name":"Substance Withdrawal Syndrome","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013375","descriptor_name":"Substance Withdrawal Syndrome","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013375","descriptor_name":"Substance Withdrawal Syndrome","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013375","descriptor_name":"Substance Withdrawal Syndrome","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013375","descriptor_name":"Substance Withdrawal Syndrome","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013375","descriptor_name":"Substance Withdrawal Syndrome","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013375","descriptor_name":"Substance Withdrawal Syndrome","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013375","descriptor_name":"Substance Withdrawal Syndrome","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013375","descriptor_name":"Substance Withdrawal Syndrome","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013375","descriptor_name":"Substance Withdrawal Syndrome","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013375","descriptor_name":"Substance Withdrawal Syndrome","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013375","descriptor_name":"Substance Withdrawal Syndrome","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013375","descriptor_name":"Substance Withdrawal Syndrome","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015897","descriptor_name":"Comorbidity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015897","descriptor_name":"Comorbidity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015897","descriptor_name":"Comorbidity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015897","descriptor_name":"Comorbidity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015897","descriptor_name":"Comorbidity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015897","descriptor_name":"Comorbidity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015897","descriptor_name":"Comorbidity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016032","descriptor_name":"Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016032","descriptor_name":"Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016032","descriptor_name":"Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016032","descriptor_name":"Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016032","descriptor_name":"Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016032","descriptor_name":"Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016032","descriptor_name":"Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018377","descriptor_name":"Neurotransmitter Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018377","descriptor_name":"Neurotransmitter Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018377","descriptor_name":"Neurotransmitter Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018377","descriptor_name":"Neurotransmitter Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018377","descriptor_name":"Neurotransmitter Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018377","descriptor_name":"Neurotransmitter Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018377","descriptor_name":"Neurotransmitter Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D063385","descriptor_name":"Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D063385","descriptor_name":"Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D063385","descriptor_name":"Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D063385","descriptor_name":"Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D063385","descriptor_name":"Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D063385","descriptor_name":"Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D063385","descriptor_name":"Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D063385","descriptor_name":"Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D063385","descriptor_name":"Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D063385","descriptor_name":"Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D063385","descriptor_name":"Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D063385","descriptor_name":"Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D063385","descriptor_name":"Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D063385","descriptor_name":"Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.psc.2012.03.003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psc.2012.03.003","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psc.2012.03.003","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S121233926","display_name":"Psychiatric Clinics of North America","issn_l":"0193-953X","issn":["0193-953X","1558-3147"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychiatric Clinics of North America","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:22640758","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22640758","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Psychiatric clinics of North America","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2664897","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3371269","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3371269","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3371269","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Psychiatr Clin North Am","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3371269","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3371269","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Psychiatr Clin North Am","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.98580002784729,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8600000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1726511628","display_name":"Development Of New Pharmacologic And Biologic Treatments For Drug Dependence","funder_award_id":"ZIADA000240","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337347","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000093244","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZIA DA000241","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337347","display_name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","ror":"https://ror.org/00fq5cm18"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":133,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W32128822","https://openalex.org/W65866596","https://openalex.org/W109922458","https://openalex.org/W571182680","https://openalex.org/W606574989","https://openalex.org/W1492693889","https://openalex.org/W1511725268","https://openalex.org/W1541173176","https://openalex.org/W1554510601","https://openalex.org/W1597119924","https://openalex.org/W1608227749","https://openalex.org/W1769121045","https://openalex.org/W1826658348","https://openalex.org/W1892460172","https://openalex.org/W1941595548","https://openalex.org/W1965051665","https://openalex.org/W1965250817","https://openalex.org/W1967635107","https://openalex.org/W1970396762","https://openalex.org/W1970664643","https://openalex.org/W1972490292","https://openalex.org/W1973736931","https://openalex.org/W1976072241","https://openalex.org/W1979308736","https://openalex.org/W1980120139","https://openalex.org/W1981474326","https://openalex.org/W1982653949","https://openalex.org/W1986135283","https://openalex.org/W1986489757","https://openalex.org/W1987289533","https://openalex.org/W1988606295","https://openalex.org/W1992009261","https://openalex.org/W1996702054","https://openalex.org/W2002925429","https://openalex.org/W2005849269","https://openalex.org/W2006293549","https://openalex.org/W2006637828","https://openalex.org/W2007437854","https://openalex.org/W2008562113","https://openalex.org/W2017872800","https://openalex.org/W2019780771","https://openalex.org/W2022083093","https://openalex.org/W2023674219","https://openalex.org/W2026475241","https://openalex.org/W2031806630","https://openalex.org/W2032005802","https://openalex.org/W2033726898","https://openalex.org/W2035843180","https://openalex.org/W2039599886","https://openalex.org/W2040066768","https://openalex.org/W2043551983","https://openalex.org/W2046264373","https://openalex.org/W2051071084","https://openalex.org/W2051265467","https://openalex.org/W2052175092","https://openalex.org/W2053147990","https://openalex.org/W2058634132","https://openalex.org/W2061320251","https://openalex.org/W2062769402","https://openalex.org/W2064825497","https://openalex.org/W2064974644","https://openalex.org/W2066192333","https://openalex.org/W2066853719","https://openalex.org/W2070967392","https://openalex.org/W2073083600","https://openalex.org/W2074129942","https://openalex.org/W2074565536","https://openalex.org/W2074600426","https://openalex.org/W2086349902","https://openalex.org/W2086466782","https://openalex.org/W2091638846","https://openalex.org/W2092778523","https://openalex.org/W2094250245","https://openalex.org/W2097417521","https://openalex.org/W2099241624","https://openalex.org/W2101012755","https://openalex.org/W2101335477","https://openalex.org/W2102956593","https://openalex.org/W2103268680","https://openalex.org/W2104073241","https://openalex.org/W2106231056","https://openalex.org/W2106607972","https://openalex.org/W2107259975","https://openalex.org/W2108914738","https://openalex.org/W2110054348","https://openalex.org/W2112527706","https://openalex.org/W2112924959","https://openalex.org/W2114843987","https://openalex.org/W2116562654","https://openalex.org/W2117159069","https://openalex.org/W2118045931","https://openalex.org/W2119343758","https://openalex.org/W2119537241","https://openalex.org/W2121143889","https://openalex.org/W2121339342","https://openalex.org/W2124416404","https://openalex.org/W2125167910","https://openalex.org/W2125763669","https://openalex.org/W2126551481","https://openalex.org/W2126823029","https://openalex.org/W2126918303","https://openalex.org/W2129308807","https://openalex.org/W2132159513","https://openalex.org/W2132771864","https://openalex.org/W2136106941","https://openalex.org/W2138884364","https://openalex.org/W2139228555","https://openalex.org/W2140336044","https://openalex.org/W2141617934","https://openalex.org/W2142434132","https://openalex.org/W2145859578","https://openalex.org/W2147409231","https://openalex.org/W2153382016","https://openalex.org/W2159011576","https://openalex.org/W2162097818","https://openalex.org/W2165326718","https://openalex.org/W2165401144","https://openalex.org/W2167713171","https://openalex.org/W2168218299","https://openalex.org/W2171396692","https://openalex.org/W2320064572","https://openalex.org/W2416912299","https://openalex.org/W2480400172","https://openalex.org/W2483369152","https://openalex.org/W2727250600","https://openalex.org/W2780461362","https://openalex.org/W3044591009","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6633375381","https://openalex.org/W6635709896","https://openalex.org/W6638786688","https://openalex.org/W6682502105","https://openalex.org/W6740860565"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2003134304","https://openalex.org/W2158755924","https://openalex.org/W1948157458","https://openalex.org/W4285611822","https://openalex.org/W2732734570","https://openalex.org/W4283699557","https://openalex.org/W2153599479","https://openalex.org/W4381194429","https://openalex.org/W2164765166","https://openalex.org/W1996723041"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}