{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2153739619","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0193841x8100500502","title":"Process Analysis","display_name":"Process Analysis","publication_year":1981,"publication_date":"1981-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2153739619","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0193841x8100500502","mag":"2153739619"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/0193841x8100500502","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0193841x8100500502","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0193841x8100500502","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18835586","display_name":"Evaluation Review","issn_l":"0145-4692","issn":["0145-4692","0193-841X","1552-3926"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Evaluation Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013563265","display_name":"Charles M. Judd","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6035-5602","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6035-5602"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles M. Judd","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076830952","display_name":"David A. Kenny","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6655-6536","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6655-6536"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David A. Kenny","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Connecticut"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Connecticut","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.6075,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2451,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93666489,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"5","first_page":"602","last_page":"619"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10845","display_name":"Advanced Causal Inference Techniques","score":0.9315999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10845","display_name":"Advanced Causal Inference Techniques","score":0.9315999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12010","display_name":"Evaluation and Performance Assessment","score":0.06700000166893005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3321","display_name":"Public Administration"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10206","display_name":"Meta-analysis and systematic reviews","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-analysis","display_name":"process analysis","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mediation-analysis","display_name":"mediation analysis","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-chains","display_name":"causal chains","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-effects","display_name":"treatment effects","score":0.7540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mediating-mechanisms","display_name":"mediating mechanisms","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/program-evaluation","display_name":"program evaluation","score":0.5849999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-inference","display_name":"causal inference","score":0.5529999732971191}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148220186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7111912","display_name":"Outcome (game theory)","level":2,"score":0.6361911296844482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6027068495750427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4577786326408386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179420905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223871","display_name":"Mediation","level":2,"score":0.4475744366645813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.44728678464889526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79897977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5054568","display_name":"Causal chain","level":2,"score":0.44594892859458923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987525970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96374569","display_name":"Causal analysis","level":2,"score":0.44378897547721863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.43287044763565063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983072294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7247257","display_name":"Process analysis","level":2,"score":0.4292733073234558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.3969430923461914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.3620219826698303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2721303105354309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1584739089012146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.15374621748924255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.13494670391082764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10235890746116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21880701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144042","display_name":"Process engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/0193841x8100500502","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0193841x8100500502","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0193841x8100500502","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18835586","display_name":"Evaluation Review","issn_l":"0145-4692","issn":["0145-4692","0193-841X","1552-3926"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Evaluation Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.896.9106","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.896.9106","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://erx.sagepub.com/content/5/5/602.full.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:sae:evarev:v:5:y:1981:i:5:p:602-619","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0193841X8100500502","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W57739650","https://openalex.org/W255769828","https://openalex.org/W1975794614","https://openalex.org/W1989086437","https://openalex.org/W2003224869","https://openalex.org/W2004168348","https://openalex.org/W2018873567","https://openalex.org/W2034422325","https://openalex.org/W2039131471","https://openalex.org/W2111742571","https://openalex.org/W2147844420","https://openalex.org/W2159401492","https://openalex.org/W2332130076","https://openalex.org/W2498491482","https://openalex.org/W4243257940","https://openalex.org/W4298058714"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7097913780","https://openalex.org/W7096815092","https://openalex.org/W4211181421","https://openalex.org/W2273864059","https://openalex.org/W2437158182","https://openalex.org/W2969304181","https://openalex.org/W2151064994","https://openalex.org/W2590801779","https://openalex.org/W2917854342","https://openalex.org/W2753468899"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"presents":[2],"the":[3,21,25,32,39,70,75,78],"rationale":[4],"and":[5,41],"procedures":[6,47,57],"for":[7,48,58],"conducting":[8],"a":[9,35,61],"process":[10,22,72,81],"analysis":[11,17,82],"in":[12,66,83],"evaluation":[13,84],"research.":[14],"Such":[15],"an":[16],"attempts":[18],"to":[19],"identify":[20],"that":[23,73],"mediates":[24],"effects":[26],"of":[27,34,80],"some":[28,42],"treatment,":[29],"by":[30,68],"estimating":[31,49],"parameters":[33],"causal":[36],"chain":[37],"between":[38],"treatment":[40,62],"outcome":[43],"variable.":[44],"Two":[45],"different":[46],"mediation":[50],"are":[51,86],"discussed.":[52],"In":[53],"addition":[54],"we":[55],"present":[56],"examining":[59],"whether":[60],"exerts":[63],"its":[64],"effects,":[65],"part,":[67],"altering":[69],"mediating":[71],"produces":[74],"outcome.":[76],"Finally,":[77],"benefits":[79],"research":[85],"underlined.":[87]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":51},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":93},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":93},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":126},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":125},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":124},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":157},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":101},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":90},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":98},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":91},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":110},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":118},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":118},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":113}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
