{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2153601686","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2214/ajr.11.7249","title":"How to Perform a Critically Appraised Topic: Part 2, Appraise, Evaluate, Generate, and Recommend","display_name":"How to Perform a Critically Appraised Topic: Part 2, Appraise, Evaluate, Generate, and Recommend","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-10-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2153601686","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2214/ajr.11.7249","mag":"2153601686","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22021495"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2214/ajr.11.7249","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2214/ajr.11.7249","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2214/ajr.11.7249","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S161085503","display_name":"American Journal of Roentgenology","issn_l":"0002-9580","issn":["0002-9580","0361-803X","1546-3141"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315781","host_organization_name":"American Roentgen Ray Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315781"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Roentgen Ray Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Roentgenology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009560918","display_name":"Aine Marie Kelly","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9255-0848","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9255-0848"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111446","display_name":"A. Alfred Taubman Health Care Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01rh00978","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111446","https://openalex.org/I4210114445"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114445","display_name":"Michigan Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/01zcpa714","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114445"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aine Marie Kelly","raw_affiliation_strings":["Both authors: Department of Radiology, Division of Cardiothoracic Radiology, University of Michigan Medical Center, University of Michigan Hospitals, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, B1 132G, K Taubman Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5302"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Both authors: Department of Radiology, Division of Cardiothoracic Radiology, University of Michigan Medical Center, University of Michigan Hospitals, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, B1 132G, K Taubman Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5302","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315","https://openalex.org/I4210111446","https://openalex.org/I4210114445"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039638835","display_name":"Paul Cronin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3024-3655","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3024-3655"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111446","display_name":"A. Alfred Taubman Health Care Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01rh00978","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111446","https://openalex.org/I4210114445"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114445","display_name":"Michigan Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/01zcpa714","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114445"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul Cronin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Both authors: Department of Radiology, Division of Cardiothoracic Radiology, University of Michigan Medical Center, University of Michigan Hospitals, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, B1 132G, K Taubman Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5302"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Both authors: Department of Radiology, Division of Cardiothoracic Radiology, University of Michigan Medical Center, University of Michigan Hospitals, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, B1 132G, K Taubman Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5302","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315","https://openalex.org/I4210111446","https://openalex.org/I4210114445"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6304,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77364341,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"197","issue":"5","first_page":"1048","last_page":"1055"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10206","display_name":"Meta-analysis and systematic reviews","score":0.6284000277519226,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10206","display_name":"Meta-analysis and systematic reviews","score":0.6284000277519226,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11744","display_name":"Health Sciences Research and Education","score":0.34279999136924744,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12664","display_name":"Clinical practice guidelines implementation","score":0.01269999984651804,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critically-appraised-topics","display_name":"critically appraised topics","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagnostic-accuracy","display_name":"diagnostic accuracy","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critical-appraisal-skills","display_name":"critical appraisal skills","score":0.6949999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conditional-probability","display_name":"conditional probability","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-evidence","display_name":"quality of evidence","score":0.35499998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-guidelines","display_name":"clinical guidelines","score":0.5789999961853027}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9331164360046387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991859549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Critically ill","level":2,"score":0.5917572975158691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.48157310485839844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.4766598343849182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120908","display_name":"Medical physics","level":1,"score":0.47233811020851135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002983","descriptor_name":"Clinical Competence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003657","descriptor_name":"Decision Making","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003952","descriptor_name":"Diagnostic Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008490","descriptor_name":"Medical Informatics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011237","descriptor_name":"Predictive Value of Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012107","descriptor_name":"Research Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012196","descriptor_name":"Review Literature as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013223","descriptor_name":"Statistics as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016247","descriptor_name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017410","descriptor_name":"Practice Guidelines as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019317","descriptor_name":"Evidence-Based Medicine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2214/ajr.11.7249","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2214/ajr.11.7249","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2214/ajr.11.7249","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S161085503","display_name":"American Journal of Roentgenology","issn_l":"0002-9580","issn":["0002-9580","0361-803X","1546-3141"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315781","host_organization_name":"American Roentgen Ray Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315781"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Roentgen Ray Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Roentgenology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:22021495","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22021495","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AJR. American journal of roentgenology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8199999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W74544974","https://openalex.org/W191064394","https://openalex.org/W1247968195","https://openalex.org/W1492309945","https://openalex.org/W1660053632","https://openalex.org/W1965523766","https://openalex.org/W1982109443","https://openalex.org/W1989915934","https://openalex.org/W1991185427","https://openalex.org/W1994158325","https://openalex.org/W1999498607","https://openalex.org/W2000442546","https://openalex.org/W2004290640","https://openalex.org/W2008713285","https://openalex.org/W2013400266","https://openalex.org/W2018516781","https://openalex.org/W2042388464","https://openalex.org/W2056964334","https://openalex.org/W2075588526","https://openalex.org/W2080146630","https://openalex.org/W2083488111","https://openalex.org/W2103889231","https://openalex.org/W2113009004","https://openalex.org/W2115055475","https://openalex.org/W2126930838","https://openalex.org/W2129656948","https://openalex.org/W2129829737","https://openalex.org/W2140158567","https://openalex.org/W2141166260","https://openalex.org/W2141918162","https://openalex.org/W2142540473","https://openalex.org/W2154264859","https://openalex.org/W2161566871","https://openalex.org/W2169192849","https://openalex.org/W2477390595","https://openalex.org/W3022903699"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2164402626","https://openalex.org/W2108040294","https://openalex.org/W2971786975","https://openalex.org/W3163638459","https://openalex.org/W2095190427","https://openalex.org/W2083546832","https://openalex.org/W4415016519","https://openalex.org/W2028247965","https://openalex.org/W2121894673","https://openalex.org/W2165414681"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"This":[1,30],"article":[2,31],"continues":[3],"the":[4,49,53,56,59,84],"discussion":[5],"of":[6,44,55,64,78,96],"a":[7,20,38,80],"critically":[8,16,39,81],"appraised":[9,17,40,82],"topic":[10,18,41],"started":[11],"in":[12,36],"Part":[13],"1.":[14],"A":[15],"is":[19],"practical":[21],"tool":[22],"for":[23,42],"learning":[24],"and":[25,67,71,90],"applying":[26],"critical":[27],"appraisal":[28],"skills.":[29],"outlines":[32],"steps":[33,76],"4-7":[34,77],"involved":[35],"performing":[37,79],"studies":[43],"diagnostic":[45],"tests:":[46],"Appraise,":[47],"Appraise":[48],"literature;":[50,60],"Evaluate,":[51],"evaluate":[52],"strength":[54],"evidence":[57],"from":[58],"Generate,":[61],"generate":[62],"graphs":[63],"conditional":[65],"probability;":[66],"Recommend,":[68],"draw":[69],"conclusions":[70],"make":[72],"recommendations.":[73],"CONCLUSION:":[74],"For":[75],"topic,":[83],"main":[85],"study":[86],"results":[87],"are":[88],"summarized":[89],"translated":[91],"into":[92],"clinically":[93],"useful":[94],"measures":[95],"accuracy,":[97],"efficacy,":[98],"or":[99],"risk.":[100]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}