{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2153254162","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5555/1577069.1577099","title":"Consistency and Localizability","display_name":"Consistency and Localizability","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2153254162","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5555/1577069.1577099","mag":"2153254162"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.150.2704","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.150.2704","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://pluto.mscc.huji.ac.il/~yaacov/zakai09a%20ConsistencyAndLocalizability.pdf","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081323098","display_name":"Alon Zakai","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197251160","display_name":"Hebrew University of Jerusalem","ror":"https://ror.org/03qxff017","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197251160"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alon Zakai","raw_affiliation_strings":["[Hebrew university of Jerusalem]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Hebrew university of Jerusalem]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197251160"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078337882","display_name":"Ya\u2019acov Ritov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6046-8479","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6046-8479"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197251160","display_name":"Hebrew University of Jerusalem","ror":"https://ror.org/03qxff017","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197251160"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ya\u2019acov Ritov","raw_affiliation_strings":["[Hebrew university of Jerusalem]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6046-8479","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Hebrew university of Jerusalem]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197251160"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197251160"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.3037,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92429508,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"30","first_page":"827","last_page":"856"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12072","display_name":"Machine Learning and Algorithms","score":0.9585000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12072","display_name":"Machine Learning and Algorithms","score":0.9585000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12535","display_name":"Machine Learning and Data Classification","score":0.011300000362098217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11612","display_name":"Stochastic Gradient Optimization Techniques","score":0.004800000227987766,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"consistency","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/localizability","display_name":"localizability","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-learning","display_name":"local learning","score":0.597000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"support vector machine","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/least-squares-regression","display_name":"least squares regression","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-learning-theory","display_name":"statistical learning theory","score":0.48100000619888306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.8507357835769653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.6669473052024841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.6439907550811768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5608848333358765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31388003","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7624548","display_name":"Strong consistency","level":3,"score":0.547528088092804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.535822868347168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122377713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4422799","display_name":"Weak consistency","level":4,"score":0.5335515141487122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.5141401886940002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83546350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1139051","display_name":"Regression","level":2,"score":0.45381587743759155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.4059115946292877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.3380380868911743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.29131019115448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.1590220332145691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.1564691960811615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.150.2704","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.150.2704","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://pluto.mscc.huji.ac.il/~yaacov/zakai09a%20ConsistencyAndLocalizability.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.207.4286","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.207.4286","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.jmlr.org/papers/volume10/zakai09a/zakai09a.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2153254162","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://pluto.huji.ac.il/~yaacov/ZakaiRitovLocalization-v2-1.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S118988714","display_name":"Journal of Machine Learning Research","issn_l":"1532-4435","issn":["1532-4435","1533-7928"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","ccf-a","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718","https://openalex.org/P4310316440"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press","Massachusetts Institute of Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Machine Learning Research","raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:3120591962","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5555/1577069.1577099","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.5555/1577069.1577099","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S118988714","display_name":"Journal of Machine Learning Research","issn_l":"1532-4435","issn":["1532-4435","1533-7928"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","ccf-a","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718","https://openalex.org/P4310316440"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press","Massachusetts Institute of Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Machine Learning Research","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W167703943","https://openalex.org/W1484867920","https://openalex.org/W1502001434","https://openalex.org/W1527309879","https://openalex.org/W1564947197","https://openalex.org/W1689445748","https://openalex.org/W1755117326","https://openalex.org/W1755467358","https://openalex.org/W1964357740","https://openalex.org/W1998438337","https://openalex.org/W2023163512","https://openalex.org/W2034106324","https://openalex.org/W2039252615","https://openalex.org/W2041439815","https://openalex.org/W2053186076","https://openalex.org/W2056763477","https://openalex.org/W2059507684","https://openalex.org/W2097308346","https://openalex.org/W2125569215","https://openalex.org/W2128808713","https://openalex.org/W2131771566","https://openalex.org/W2145073242","https://openalex.org/W2148603752"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7100024361","https://openalex.org/W3033534847","https://openalex.org/W167703943","https://openalex.org/W2599929987","https://openalex.org/W3180671252","https://openalex.org/W2109445534","https://openalex.org/W6943582876","https://openalex.org/W1594412679","https://openalex.org/W3009876058","https://openalex.org/W7096096128"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"show":[1,41,97],"that":[2,8,27,50,54,63,87,98,116],"all":[3],"consistent":[4],"learning":[5],"methods\u2014that":[6],"is,":[7],"asymptotically":[9],"achieve":[10],"the":[11,44,47,104,117,122,128],"lowest":[12],"possible":[13],"expected":[14],"loss":[15],"for":[16,61],"any":[17],"distribution":[18],"on":[19],"(X,Y)\u2014are":[20],"necessarily":[21],"localizable,":[22],"by":[23],"which":[24],"we":[25,40,95],"mean":[26,120],"they":[28],"do":[29],"not":[30],"significantly":[31],"change":[32],"their":[33],"response":[34],"at":[35],"a":[36,69,90,110],"particular":[37,60],"point":[38],"when":[39],"them":[42],"only":[43],"part":[45],"of":[46,93,106,112,138],"training":[48],"set":[49],"is":[51,57,100],"close":[52],"to":[53,65,103],"point.":[55],"This":[56],"true":[58,129],"in":[59,68,77,82],"methods":[62],"appear":[64],"be":[66,134],"defined":[67],"non-local":[70],"manner,":[71],"such":[72],"as":[73,136],"support":[74],"vector":[75],"machines":[76],"classification":[78],"and":[79,114,143],"least-squares":[80],"estimators":[81],"regression.":[83],"Aside":[84],"from":[85],"showing":[86],"consistency":[88,99],"implies":[89],"specific":[91],"form":[92,111],"localizability,":[94,113],"also":[96],"logically":[101],"equivalent":[102],"combination":[105],"two":[107,139],"properties:":[108],"(1)":[109],"(2)":[115],"method\u2019s":[118],"global":[119],"(over":[121],"entire":[123],"X":[124],"distribution)":[125],"correctly":[126],"estimates":[127],"mean.":[130],"Consistency":[131],"can":[132],"therefore":[133],"seen":[135],"comprised":[137],"aspects,":[140],"one":[141,144],"local":[142],"global.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}