{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2152132613","doi":null,"title":"Improving the control structure of a high pressure leaching process","display_name":"Improving the control structure of a high pressure leaching process","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2152132613","mag":"2152132613"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/96799","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96799","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96799","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400300","display_name":"SUNScholar (Stellenbosch University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","host_organization_name":"Stellenbosch University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96799","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061859206","display_name":"Pieter Daniel Knoblauch","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pieter Daniel Knoblauch","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061859206"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10791","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Optimization","score":0.8715999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10791","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Optimization","score":0.8715999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.031099999323487282,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11073","display_name":"Metal Extraction and Bioleaching","score":0.024900000542402267,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2506","display_name":"Metals and Alloys"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-pressure-leaching","display_name":"high-pressure leaching","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/platinum-group-metals","display_name":"platinum group metals","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/copper-removal","display_name":"copper removal","score":0.503000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nickel-removal","display_name":"nickel removal","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-control","display_name":"process control","score":0.5350000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-process-model","display_name":"dynamic process model","score":0.6949999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leaching-kinetics","display_name":"leaching kinetics","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residence-time","display_name":"residence time","score":0.5789999961853027}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4109310209751129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21880701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144042","display_name":"Process engineering","level":1,"score":0.37209779024124146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.33879992365837097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.32466915249824524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.27989885210990906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0947134792804718}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/96799","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96799","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96799","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400300","display_name":"SUNScholar (Stellenbosch University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","host_organization_name":"Stellenbosch University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:2152132613","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholar.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.1/96799","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/96799","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96799","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96799","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400300","display_name":"SUNScholar (Stellenbosch University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","host_organization_name":"Stellenbosch University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2152132613.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2152132613.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W81137451","https://openalex.org/W617415572","https://openalex.org/W1581609803","https://openalex.org/W1751486399","https://openalex.org/W1965324089","https://openalex.org/W1992389068","https://openalex.org/W2022276365","https://openalex.org/W2055421213","https://openalex.org/W2086314096","https://openalex.org/W2091270141","https://openalex.org/W2102148524","https://openalex.org/W2142833847","https://openalex.org/W2152448255","https://openalex.org/W2164768649","https://openalex.org/W2616796315","https://openalex.org/W2962732683"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4254621538","https://openalex.org/W2377139990","https://openalex.org/W2146641221","https://openalex.org/W2022276365","https://openalex.org/W1533925509","https://openalex.org/W2164749944","https://openalex.org/W4200382699","https://openalex.org/W2297377048","https://openalex.org/W4408706604","https://openalex.org/W779488483"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"main":[1],"purpose":[2],"of":[3,50,55,61,76,101,131,140,156,165,189],"the":[4,48,51,58,62,72,77,90,93,99,102,138,148,166],"base":[5,22],"metal":[6,33],"refinery":[7],"(BMR)":[8],"as":[9,25,69,71,179,181],"operated":[10],"by":[11,89,152],"Lonmin":[12],"at":[13,170],"their":[14],"Western":[15],"Platinum":[16],"Ltd":[17],"BMR,":[18],"is":[19,42,57,83,87],"to":[20,47,65],"remove":[21],"metals":[23],"-such":[24],"copper":[26],"and":[27,127,183],"nickel":[28],"-from":[29],"a":[30,153,161,187,195],"platinum":[31],"group":[32],"(PGM)":[34],"containing":[35],"matte.The":[36],"leaching":[37,95],"processes":[38],"in":[39,120],"which":[40,82,199],"this":[41],"done":[43],"pose":[44],"several":[45],"challenges":[46],"control":[49,122,201],"process.The":[52],"most":[53],"significant":[54],"these":[56],"slow":[59,109,121],"dynamics":[60,111],"process,":[63],"due":[64],"large":[66,124],"process":[67,110,169],"units,":[68],"well":[70,107,180],"continuously":[73],"changing":[74],"composition":[75,129],"first":[78],"stage":[79],"leach":[80,168],"residue,":[81],"not":[84,105],"measured":[85],"on-line.This":[86],"aggravated":[88],"fact":[91],"that":[92,113,137],"exact":[94],"kinetics":[96],"(and":[97],"therefore":[98],"effect":[100],"disturbances)":[103],"are":[104,145],"understood":[106],"fundamentally.The":[108],"mean":[112,136],"controllers":[114],"cannot":[115],"be":[116,204],"tuned":[117],"aggressively,":[118],"resulting":[119],"action.The":[123],"residence":[125],"times":[126],"off-line":[128],"analyses":[130],"major":[132],"controlled":[133],"variables":[134],"also":[135],"effects":[139],"operator":[141],"set":[142],"point":[143],"changes":[144],"visible":[146],"only":[147],"following":[149],"day,":[150],"often":[151],"different":[154],"shift":[155],"operators.Dorfling":[157],"(2012)":[158],"recently":[159],"developed":[160],"fundamental":[162],"dynamic":[163,173],"model":[164,174,193],"pressure":[167],"Lonmin\"s":[171],"BMR.This":[172],"incorporates":[175],"21":[176],"chemical":[177],"reactions,":[178],"mass":[182],"energy":[184],"balances,":[185],"into":[186],"system":[188],"217":[190],"differential":[191],"equations.The":[192],"provides":[194],"simulation":[196],"framework":[197],"within":[198],"improved":[200],"strategies":[202],"can":[203],"investigated.":[205]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-29T07:29:34.045763","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
