{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2151528643","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.46.3.318-a","title":"Health and Class: The Early Years","display_name":"Health and Class: The Early Years","publication_year":1992,"publication_date":"1992-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2151528643","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.46.3.318-a","mag":"2151528643"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1136/jech.46.3.318-a","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.46.3.318-a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.46.3.318-a","pdf_url":"https://jech.bmj.com/content/jech/46/3/318.2.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S156988948","display_name":"Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health","issn_l":"0141-7681","issn":["0141-7681","0142-467X","0143-005X","1470-2738"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319945","host_organization_name":"BMJ","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BMJ"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"book-review","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://jech.bmj.com/content/jech/46/3/318.2.full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001323892","display_name":"Bernard Ineichen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177639307","display_name":"University of Dundee","ror":"https://ror.org/03h2bxq36","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177639307"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bernard Ineichen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Epidemiology and Public Health University of Dundee"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Epidemiology and Public Health University of Dundee","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177639307"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001323892"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177639307"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":196,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"46","issue":"3","first_page":"318.2","last_page":"318"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14043","display_name":"Historical and modern epidemiology studies","score":0.47440001368522644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14043","display_name":"Historical and modern epidemiology studies","score":0.47440001368522644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13633","display_name":"Public Health and Social Inequalities","score":0.33009999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13883","display_name":"Child and Adolescent Health","score":0.06700000166893005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-class","display_name":"social class","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-disparities","display_name":"health disparities","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-determinants-of-health","display_name":"social determinants of health","score":0.753000020980835}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9231040477752686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5017478466033936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110888244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187588","display_name":"Social class","level":2,"score":0.4401733875274658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.14808616042137146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1136/jech.46.3.318-a","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.46.3.318-a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.46.3.318-a","pdf_url":"https://jech.bmj.com/content/jech/46/3/318.2.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S156988948","display_name":"Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health","issn_l":"0141-7681","issn":["0141-7681","0142-467X","0143-005X","1470-2738"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319945","host_organization_name":"BMJ","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BMJ"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1059582","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1059582","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1059582/pdf/jepicomh00210-0144b.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Epidemiol Community Health","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1136/jech.46.3.318-a","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.46.3.318-a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.46.3.318-a","pdf_url":"https://jech.bmj.com/content/jech/46/3/318.2.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S156988948","display_name":"Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health","issn_l":"0141-7681","issn":["0141-7681","0142-467X","0143-005X","1470-2738"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319945","host_organization_name":"BMJ","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BMJ"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.6240000128746033,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2151528643.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2151528643.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965141708","https://openalex.org/W2336658998","https://openalex.org/W2419084206","https://openalex.org/W2035888619","https://openalex.org/W2073304762","https://openalex.org/W1993861288","https://openalex.org/W1994486885","https://openalex.org/W1991777183","https://openalex.org/W2430362157","https://openalex.org/W1965380527"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-29T09:56:32.521200","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}