{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2151297416","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/cit155","title":"Clostridium difficile Infection Is Associated With Increased Risk of Death and Prolonged Hospitalization in Children","display_name":"Clostridium difficile Infection Is Associated With Increased Risk of Death and Prolonged Hospitalization in Children","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-03-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2151297416","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/cit155","mag":"2151297416","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23532470","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3669523"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/cid/cit155","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/cit155","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/cit155","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/cid/article-pdf/57/1/1/17853732/cit155.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72350973","display_name":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","issn_l":"1058-4838","issn":["1058-4838","1537-6591"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://academic.oup.com/cid/article-pdf/57/1/1/17853732/cit155.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023237313","display_name":"Julia Shaklee Sammons","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Julia Shaklee Sammons","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Infectious Diseases, and Department of Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, USA","Division of Infectious Diseases, and Departments of","Infection Prevention and Control","Pediatrics and 3Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Infectious Diseases, and Department of Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Infectious Diseases, and Departments of","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Infection Prevention and Control","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pediatrics and 3Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014816405","display_name":"Russell A. Localio","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Russell Localio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pediatrics and 3 Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pediatrics and 3 Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066598113","display_name":"Rui Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2727-8171","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2727-8171"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pediatrics and 3 Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pediatrics and 3 Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030055621","display_name":"Susan E Coffin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9566-5600","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9566-5600"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Susan E. Coffin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Infectious Diseases, and Departments of","Infection Prevention and Control","Pediatrics and 3 Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Infectious Diseases, and Departments of","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Infection Prevention and Control","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pediatrics and 3 Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107845445","display_name":"Theoklis E. Zaoutis","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1335321130","display_name":"Children's Hospital of Philadelphia","ror":"https://ror.org/01z7r7q48","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1335321130"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Theoklis Zaoutis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Infectious Diseases, and Departments of","Pediatrics and 3 Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania","The Center for Pediatric Clinical Effectiveness Research, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Infectious Diseases, and Departments of","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pediatrics and 3 Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Center for Pediatric Clinical Effectiveness Research, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1335321130"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5023237313"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"],"apc_list":{"value":4763,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4763},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.4224,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":114,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98771651,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"57","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11288","display_name":"Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11288","display_name":"Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11000","display_name":"Infection Control in Healthcare","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10218","display_name":"Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clostridium-difficile-infection","display_name":"Clostridium difficile infection","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pediatric-infection","display_name":"pediatric infection","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/in-hospital-mortality","display_name":"in-hospital mortality","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/length-of-hospital-stay","display_name":"length of hospital stay","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospitalization-costs","display_name":"hospital costs","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/community-onset-infection","display_name":"community-onset infection","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospital-onset-infection","display_name":"hospital-onset infection","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibiotic-stewardship","display_name":"antibiotic stewardship","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infection-control","display_name":"infection control","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospitalized-children","display_name":"hospitalized children","score":0.8610000014305115}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9534368515014648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119060515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1916617","display_name":"Interquartile range","level":2,"score":0.837372899055481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994496256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27031090","display_name":"Clostridium difficile","level":3,"score":0.7159326076507568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156957248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1862216","display_name":"Odds ratio","level":2,"score":0.6823695302009583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.6544363498687744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167135981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2146302","display_name":"Retrospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.5940456390380859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.5604305267333984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17923572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7250160","display_name":"Propensity score matching","level":2,"score":0.5501580238342285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201903717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778788","display_name":"Cohort study","level":2,"score":0.45199376344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779802037","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40878","display_name":"Diarrhea","level":2,"score":0.4398380517959595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179755657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58702","display_name":"Mortality rate","level":2,"score":0.43466025590896606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.3473418354988098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501593827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12187","display_name":"Antibiotics","level":2,"score":0.09130653738975525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003015","descriptor_name":"Clostridium Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003015","descriptor_name":"Clostridium Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003015","descriptor_name":"Clostridium Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000401","qualifier_name":"mortality","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003015","descriptor_name":"Clostridium Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007902","descriptor_name":"Length of Stay","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015331","descriptor_name":"Cohort Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016019","descriptor_name":"Survival Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016360","descriptor_name":"Clostridioides difficile","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017048","descriptor_name":"Health Care Costs","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/cid/cit155","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/cit155","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/cit155","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/cid/article-pdf/57/1/1/17853732/cit155.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72350973","display_name":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","issn_l":"1058-4838","issn":["1058-4838","1537-6591"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:3046256","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3669523","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3669523","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3669523","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clin Infect Dis","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:23532470","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23532470","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/cid/cit155","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/cit155","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/cit155","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/cid/article-pdf/57/1/1/17853732/cit155.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72350973","display_name":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","issn_l":"1058-4838","issn":["1058-4838","1537-6591"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1000597417","display_name":"Infectious Diseases Clinical Epidemiology Training Program","funder_award_id":"T32AI055435","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1968345148","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"5T32AI-055435-08","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2151297416.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2151297416.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1575787319","https://openalex.org/W1972825935","https://openalex.org/W1982301401","https://openalex.org/W1986154343","https://openalex.org/W1989377468","https://openalex.org/W2001263264","https://openalex.org/W2007196615","https://openalex.org/W2013818359","https://openalex.org/W2017305539","https://openalex.org/W2022639103","https://openalex.org/W2023340275","https://openalex.org/W2026409381","https://openalex.org/W2027672459","https://openalex.org/W2036164222","https://openalex.org/W2036329294","https://openalex.org/W2082046334","https://openalex.org/W2090380615","https://openalex.org/W2091839212","https://openalex.org/W2106337004","https://openalex.org/W2112412018","https://openalex.org/W2118276343","https://openalex.org/W2128490444","https://openalex.org/W2147699265","https://openalex.org/W2147956812","https://openalex.org/W2153155854","https://openalex.org/W2156765451","https://openalex.org/W2166660180","https://openalex.org/W2170693496","https://openalex.org/W2327585051","https://openalex.org/W4233096434","https://openalex.org/W4239728164","https://openalex.org/W4298345222","https://openalex.org/W4298366762"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7098974845","https://openalex.org/W2336379585","https://openalex.org/W4308634059","https://openalex.org/W4205501321","https://openalex.org/W2328952314","https://openalex.org/W2770923136","https://openalex.org/W2216303305","https://openalex.org/W2023340275","https://openalex.org/W2040817229","https://openalex.org/W2577892129"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Clostridium":[1],"difficile":[2,72],"infection":[3,242],"(CDI)":[4],"is":[5,223],"associated":[6,224],"with":[7,42,164,225],"significant":[8],"morbidity":[9],"and":[10,38,94,111,152,182,193,203,210,230,241],"mortality":[11,134,156],"among":[12,19,28,161],"adults.":[13],"However,":[14,155],"outcomes":[15],"are":[16],"poorly":[17],"defined":[18],"children.":[20,250],"METHODS:":[21],"A":[22],"retrospective":[23],"cohort":[24],"study":[25],"was":[26,101],"performed":[27],"hospitalized":[29],"children":[30],"at":[31],"41":[32],"children's":[33],"hospitals":[34],"between":[35,150],"January":[36],"2006":[37],"August":[39],"2011.":[40],"Patients":[41],"CDI":[43,51,59,222],"(exposed)":[44],"were":[45,68,84,124,148,158,185],"matched":[46,87,126,140,153,165],"1:2":[47],"to":[48,127,245],"patients":[49],"without":[50],"(unexposed)":[52],"based":[53],"on":[54],"the":[55,236],"probability":[56],"of":[57,76,179,238],"developing":[58],"(propensity":[60],"score":[61],"derived":[62],"from":[63],"patient":[64],"characteristics).":[65],"Exposed":[66],"subjects":[67],"stratified":[69],"by":[70,130],"C.":[71],"test":[73],"date,":[74],"suggestive":[75],"community-onset":[77],"(CO)":[78],"versus":[79],"hospital-onset":[80],"(HO)":[81],"CDI.":[82],"Outcomes":[83],"analyzed":[85],"for":[86,109,117,201,218],"subjects.":[88,98,119,154],"RESULTS:":[89],"We":[90],"identified":[91],"5107":[92],"exposed":[93,110,123],"693":[95],"409":[96],"unexposed":[97,118,129,166],"Median":[99],"age":[100],"6":[102],"years":[103,113],"(interquartile":[104],"range":[105],"[IQR],":[106],"2-13":[107],"years)":[108,116],"8":[112],"(IQR,":[114],"3-14":[115],"Of":[120],"these,":[121],"4474":[122],"successfully":[125],"8821":[128],"propensity":[131],"score.":[132],"In-hospital":[133],"differed":[135],"significantly":[136,159],"(CDI,":[137],"1.43%":[138],"vs":[139],"unexposed,":[141],"0.66%;":[142],"P":[143],"<":[144],".001).":[145],"Mortality":[146],"rates":[147,157],"similar":[149],"CO-CDI":[151],"greater":[160],"HO-CDI":[162],"compared":[163],"(odds":[167],"ratio,":[168],"6.73":[169],"[95%":[170],"confidence":[171],"interval":[172],"{CI},":[173],"3.77-12.02]).":[174],"Mean":[175],"differences":[176],"in":[177,249],"length":[178],"stay":[180],"(LOS)":[181],"total":[183],"cost":[184],"significant:":[186],"5.55":[187],"days":[188,205],"(95%":[189,196,206,213],"CI,":[190,197,207,214],"4.54-6.56":[191],"days)":[192,209],"$18":[194],"900":[195],"$15":[198],"100-$22":[199],"700)":[200],"CO-CDI,":[202],"21.60":[204],"19.29-23.90":[208],"$93":[211],"600":[212],"$80":[215],"000-$107":[216],"200)":[217],"HO-CDI.":[219],"CONCLUSIONS:":[220],"Pediatric":[221],"increased":[226],"mortality,":[227],"longer":[228],"LOS,":[229],"higher":[231],"costs.":[232],"These":[233],"findings":[234],"underscore":[235],"importance":[237],"antibiotic":[239],"stewardship":[240],"control":[243],"programs":[244],"prevent":[246],"this":[247],"disease":[248]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
