{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2150656993","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08838157009363592","title":"South Africa: How long without TV?","display_name":"South Africa: How long without TV?","publication_year":1970,"publication_date":"1970-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2150656993","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08838157009363592","mag":"2150656993"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/08838157009363592","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08838157009363592","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08838157009363592","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764476903","display_name":"Journal of Broadcasting","issn_l":"0021-938X","issn":["0021-938X","2331-415X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Broadcasting","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056092177","display_name":"Peter B. Orlik","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1629065","display_name":"Central Michigan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02xawj266","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1629065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Peter B. Orlik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Assistant professor in the broadcast and cinematic arts area of the Department of Speech, Central Michigan University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistant professor in the broadcast and cinematic arts area of the Department of Speech, Central Michigan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1629065"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5056092177"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1629065"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.18798609,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"2","first_page":"245","last_page":"258"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13766","display_name":"Media, Journalism, and Communication History","score":0.8862000107765198,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13766","display_name":"Media, Journalism, and Communication History","score":0.8862000107765198,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10133","display_name":"News Media Framing and Political Communication","score":0.06599999964237213,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13718","display_name":"Media Influence and Politics","score":0.024299999698996544,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/television-broadcasting","display_name":"television broadcasting","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/broadcasting-regulation","display_name":"broadcasting regulation","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/south-african-government","display_name":"South African government","score":0.6200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-climate","display_name":"political climate","score":0.4569999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-and-political-change","display_name":"social and political change","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/south-african-broadcasting-corporation","display_name":"South African Broadcasting Corporation","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/south-africa","display_name":"South Africa","score":0.37599998712539673}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167037","display_name":"Corporation","level":2,"score":0.7001493573188782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.6509923934936523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110157686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q922122","display_name":"Broadcasting (networking)","level":2,"score":0.6449906229972839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70789860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2018526","display_name":"The arts","level":2,"score":0.6424447298049927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6140722036361694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.5909233093261719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29595303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165650","display_name":"Media studies","level":1,"score":0.5554097890853882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.41813042759895325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.3489134907722473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3311639130115509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.14214801788330078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/08838157009363592","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08838157009363592","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08838157009363592","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764476903","display_name":"Journal of Broadcasting","issn_l":"0021-938X","issn":["0021-938X","2331-415X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Broadcasting","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W332268945","https://openalex.org/W594219560","https://openalex.org/W1978077208"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7118245375","https://openalex.org/W7118615769","https://openalex.org/W4385783461","https://openalex.org/W4300607261","https://openalex.org/W44270259","https://openalex.org/W7119209684","https://openalex.org/W2493046366","https://openalex.org/W2024872520","https://openalex.org/W2505583916","https://openalex.org/W2463359779"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"continued":[1],"refusal":[2],"of":[3,12,30,95,98,100],"the":[4,10,15,27,37,55,89,96],"South":[5,31,60],"African":[6,16,61],"government":[7],"to":[8,79],"permit":[9],"introduction":[11],"television":[13,41],"into":[14,26,36],"continent's":[17],"most":[18],"developed":[19],"country":[20],"provides":[21],"interesting":[22],"insights":[23],"not":[24],"only":[25],"political":[28],"climate":[29],"Africa,":[32],"but,":[33],"more":[34],"importantly,":[35],"way":[38],"in":[39,71,88],"which":[40],"is":[42,52,85],"perceived":[43],"as":[44],"a":[45],"vehicle":[46],"for":[47],"sociopolitical":[48],"change.":[49],"This":[50],"article":[51],"drawn":[53],"from":[54],"author's":[56],"doctoral":[57],"dissertation,":[58],"\u201cThe":[59],"Broadcasting":[62],"Corporation:":[63],"An":[64],"Historical":[65],"Survey":[66],"and":[67,91],"Contemporary":[68],"Analysis,\u201d":[69],"completed":[70],"1968":[72],"at":[73],"Wayne":[74],"State":[75],"University,":[76],"but":[77],"updated":[78],"early":[80],"1970.":[81],"Peter":[82],"Orlik":[83],"presently":[84],"assistant":[86],"professor":[87],"broadcast":[90],"cinematic":[92],"arts":[93],"area":[94],"Department":[97],"Speech":[99],"Central":[101],"Michigan":[102],"University.":[103]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":20}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}