{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2149900780","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0084.00042","title":"Convexity and Sheepskin Effects in the Human Capital Earnings Function: Recent Evidence for Filipino Men","display_name":"Convexity and Sheepskin Effects in the Human Capital Earnings Function: Recent Evidence for Filipino Men","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2149900780","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0084.00042","mag":"2149900780"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/1468-0084.00042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0084.00042","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0084.00042","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S92565720","display_name":"Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics","issn_l":"0305-9049","issn":["0305-9049","1468-0084"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110759893","display_name":"Norbert Schady","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Norbert R. Schady","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110759893"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3840,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3840},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.0828,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":70,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9695624,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"65","issue":"2","first_page":"171","last_page":"196"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10208","display_name":"Labor market dynamics and wage inequality","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10208","display_name":"Labor market dynamics and wage inequality","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13762","display_name":"Education and Labor Relations","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12088","display_name":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sheepskin-effect","display_name":"sheepskin effect","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/returns-to-education","display_name":"returns to education","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-capital","display_name":"human capital","score":0.5839999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/earnings-functions","display_name":"earnings functions","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convexity","display_name":"convexity","score":0.5989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filipino-men","display_name":"Filipino men","score":0.5580000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philippines","display_name":"Philippines","score":0.6140000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-education","display_name":"primary education","score":0.5450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secondary-education","display_name":"secondary education","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/higher-education","display_name":"higher education","score":0.9879999756813049}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776943663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165687","display_name":"Human capital","level":2,"score":0.7408720254898071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781426361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5326940","display_name":"Earnings","level":2,"score":0.703766405582428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779529714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2632744","display_name":"Graduation (instrument)","level":2,"score":0.6407759189605713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.6302187442779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.5066009759902954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189326681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10294","display_name":"Poverty","level":2,"score":0.42355746030807495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145236788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161","display_name":"Labour economics","level":1,"score":0.3430497944355011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.14151933789253235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.11147671937942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10278025269508362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/1468-0084.00042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0084.00042","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0084.00042","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S92565720","display_name":"Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics","issn_l":"0305-9049","issn":["0305-9049","1468-0084"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.7257999777793884},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education","score":0.4156000018119812}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","display_name":"No poverty","score":0.7400000095367432}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W171382399","https://openalex.org/W1067645948","https://openalex.org/W1515677901","https://openalex.org/W1522598817","https://openalex.org/W1538443123","https://openalex.org/W1556768963","https://openalex.org/W1592576206","https://openalex.org/W1900002979","https://openalex.org/W1964463438","https://openalex.org/W1981505451","https://openalex.org/W1986050518","https://openalex.org/W1987224584","https://openalex.org/W2016422302","https://openalex.org/W2024516164","https://openalex.org/W2037330020","https://openalex.org/W2049518503","https://openalex.org/W2050931047","https://openalex.org/W2052451803","https://openalex.org/W2068467633","https://openalex.org/W2069939401","https://openalex.org/W2073630109","https://openalex.org/W2088788836","https://openalex.org/W2090516759","https://openalex.org/W2094421584","https://openalex.org/W2102292466","https://openalex.org/W2103801242","https://openalex.org/W2107497267","https://openalex.org/W2108079693","https://openalex.org/W2114473954","https://openalex.org/W2115747715","https://openalex.org/W2133768827","https://openalex.org/W2146020513","https://openalex.org/W2168968073","https://openalex.org/W2170121699","https://openalex.org/W2739240757","https://openalex.org/W2891161060","https://openalex.org/W3122425091","https://openalex.org/W3123216046","https://openalex.org/W3123464746","https://openalex.org/W3216953118"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7098519310","https://openalex.org/W7100009814","https://openalex.org/W2770623389","https://openalex.org/W1490266616","https://openalex.org/W7096498262","https://openalex.org/W2101214639","https://openalex.org/W2273942719","https://openalex.org/W2021216774","https://openalex.org/W2131695598","https://openalex.org/W2047686814"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,56,84],"issue":[2],"of":[3,19,49,63,76,80,87,102,151,158],"possible":[4],"non\u2010linearities":[5],"in":[6,21,108,137,156],"the":[7,22,36,38,47,50,88,100,109,113,148],"relationship":[8],"between":[9,99],"log":[10],"wages":[11],"and":[12,69,82,118,176],"schooling":[13,81,152],"has":[14],"received":[15],"a":[16,29,61,73,128,145],"good":[17],"deal":[18],"attention":[20],"literature.":[23],"This":[24],"paper":[25,89],"uses":[26],"data":[27],"from":[28,171],"recent,":[30],"high":[31],"quality":[32],"household":[33],"survey":[34],"for":[35,53,78,125,135],"Philippines,":[37],"1998":[39],"Annual":[40],"Poverty":[41],"Indicator":[42],"Survey":[43],"(APIS),":[44],"to":[45,95,104,115],"test":[46],"fit":[48],"log\u2010linear":[51],"specification":[52],"Filipino":[54],"men.":[55],"results":[57],"are":[58,90,121,164],"based":[59],"on":[60],"number":[62,75],"estimation":[64],"strategies,":[65],"including":[66],"spline":[67],"regressions,":[68],"semi\u2010parametric":[70],"regressions":[71],"with":[72,169],"large":[74,97],"dummies":[77],"years":[79],"experience.":[83],"basic":[85],"conclusions":[86],"two.":[91],"First,":[92],"there":[93,163],"appear":[94],"be":[96],"differences":[98,136],"rates":[101],"return":[103],"education":[105,120],"across":[106,141],"levels":[107],"Philippines.":[110],"In":[111],"particular,":[112],"returns":[114],"both":[116],"primary":[117,172],"secondary":[119,174],"lower":[122],"than":[123],"those":[124],"tertiary":[126],"education,":[127],"difference":[129],"which":[130],"persists":[131],"even":[132],"after":[133],"correcting":[134],"direct":[138],"private":[139],"costs":[140],"levels.":[142],"Second,":[143],"within":[144],"given":[146],"level,":[147],"last":[149],"year":[150],"is":[153],"disproportionately":[154],"rewarded":[155],"terms":[157],"higher":[159],"wages.":[160],"That":[161],"is,":[162],"clear":[165],"sheepskin":[166],"effects":[167],"associated":[168],"graduation":[170],"school,":[173,175],"university.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}