{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2149285120","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2136955","title":"Patent Trolls and Technology Diffusion","display_name":"Patent Trolls and Technology Diffusion","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2149285120","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2136955","mag":"2149285120"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.2136955","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2136955","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2136955","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2136955","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051563547","display_name":"Catherine E. Tucker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1847-4832","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1847-4832","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5793-4195"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Catherine Tucker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Management Science (MS), 100 Main St, E62-536, Cambridge, MA 02142, United States","Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Management Science (MS)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Management Science (MS), 100 Main St, E62-536, Cambridge, MA 02142, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Management Science (MS)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051563547"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10856","display_name":"Intellectual Property and Patents","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10856","display_name":"Intellectual Property and Patents","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12851","display_name":"Firm Innovation and Growth","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13842","display_name":"Intellectual Property Law","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patent-trolls","display_name":"patent trolls","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patent-assertion-entities","display_name":"patent assertion entities","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patent-litigation","display_name":"patent litigation","score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technology-diffusion","display_name":"technology diffusion","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-imaging-techniques","display_name":"medical imaging technology","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/licensing-agreements","display_name":"licensing agreements","score":0.578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product-innovation","display_name":"product innovation","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incremental-innovation","display_name":"incremental innovation","score":0.5809999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-sales","display_name":"software sales","score":0.48100000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospitals","display_name":"hospitals","score":0.34200000762939453}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69357855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163214","display_name":"Diffusion","level":2,"score":0.4883115291595459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3523182272911072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.205727219581604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.07713243365287781}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.2136955","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2136955","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2136955","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.2136955","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2136955","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2136955","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.47620001435279846,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.6200000047683716,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1495383875","https://openalex.org/W1507392882","https://openalex.org/W1521705228","https://openalex.org/W1530265405","https://openalex.org/W1537028837","https://openalex.org/W1927057828","https://openalex.org/W2017200427","https://openalex.org/W2038087464","https://openalex.org/W2049350168","https://openalex.org/W2109590950","https://openalex.org/W2111642247","https://openalex.org/W2117289768","https://openalex.org/W2120723546","https://openalex.org/W2124210156","https://openalex.org/W2134291350","https://openalex.org/W2138723682","https://openalex.org/W2157814042","https://openalex.org/W2166565848","https://openalex.org/W2171438696","https://openalex.org/W2183488663","https://openalex.org/W2255120900","https://openalex.org/W2307831842","https://openalex.org/W2504744710","https://openalex.org/W3123105100","https://openalex.org/W3124449604","https://openalex.org/W3126144870","https://openalex.org/W4241486835","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1649986835","https://openalex.org/W3132762206","https://openalex.org/W3125947096","https://openalex.org/W2271174154","https://openalex.org/W4286620389","https://openalex.org/W7139711509","https://openalex.org/W2170684426","https://openalex.org/W4394978746","https://openalex.org/W4311946406","https://openalex.org/W755629337"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}