{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2149205391","doi":"https://doi.org/10.13140/rg.2.2.20693.06884","title":"Sustainability of Urban Freight Transport - Retail Distribution and Local Regulations in Cities","display_name":"Sustainability of Urban Freight Transport - Retail Distribution and Local Regulations in Cities","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2149205391","doi":"https://doi.org/10.13140/rg.2.2.20693.06884","mag":"2149205391"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:eur:oai:repub.eur.nl:11990","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1765/11990","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1765/11990","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196287","display_name":"RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I913958620","host_organization_name":"Erasmus University Rotterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I913958620"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralthesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1765/11990","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048939604","display_name":"Hans J. Quak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4679-5860","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4679-5860"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I913958620","display_name":"Erasmus University Rotterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/057w15z03","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I913958620"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Quak, Hans","raw_affiliation_strings":["Erasmus-Univ. Rotterdam"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Erasmus-Univ. Rotterdam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I913958620"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048939604"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I913958620"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":206,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12306","display_name":"Urban and Freight Transport Logistics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12306","display_name":"Urban and Freight Transport Logistics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10539","display_name":"Sustainable Supply Chain Management","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-freight-transport","display_name":"urban freight transport","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainability","display_name":"sustainability","score":0.5170000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-sustainability-policy","display_name":"local sustainability policy","score":0.656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicle-restrictions","display_name":"vehicle restrictions","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retail-distribution","display_name":"retail distribution","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retail-chains","display_name":"retail chains","score":0.656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distribution-costs","display_name":"distribution costs","score":0.6340000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-impact","display_name":"environmental impact","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-sustainability","display_name":"social sustainability","score":0.6809999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implementation-barriers","display_name":"implementation barriers","score":0.5540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/city-logistics","display_name":"urban logistics","score":0.5249999761581421}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66204764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219416","display_name":"Sustainability","level":2,"score":0.8566805124282837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.658084511756897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6339048147201538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157181609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1364310","display_name":"Sustainable transport","level":3,"score":0.5076979398727417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.49194785952568054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16118543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275372","display_name":"Externality","level":2,"score":0.4745110869407654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108713360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1824206","display_name":"Supply chain","level":2,"score":0.43473994731903076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91375879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15473274","display_name":"Environmental planning","level":1,"score":0.3969508707523346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134560507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291","display_name":"Environmental economics","level":1,"score":0.37529119849205017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.24231800436973572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.1580388844013214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.14528095722198486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.13011497259140015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:eur:oai:repub.eur.nl:11990","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1765/11990","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1765/11990","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196287","display_name":"RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I913958620","host_organization_name":"Erasmus University Rotterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I913958620"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralthesis"},{"id":"pmh:buas:oai:pure.buas.nl:publications/970fa7ad-9870-4360-a263-49a43321413b","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pure.buas.nl/en/publications/970fa7ad-9870-4360-a263-49a43321413b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922484","display_name":"Breda University of Applied Sciences Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralthesis"},{"id":"pmh:eur:oai:pure.eur.nl:publications/5dce4428-002f-4c73-b7d3-203c53e3c3ad","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pure.eur.nl/en/publications/5dce4428-002f-4c73-b7d3-203c53e3c3ad","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401266","display_name":"EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I913958620","host_organization_name":"Erasmus University Rotterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I913958620"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralthesis"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repub.eur.nl:11990","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://repub.eur.nl/pub/11990","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196287","display_name":"RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I913958620","host_organization_name":"Erasmus University Rotterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I913958620"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis"},{"id":"doi:10.13140/rg.2.2.20693.06884","doi":"https://doi.org/10.13140/rg.2.2.20693.06884","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.13140/rg.2.2.20693.06884","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},{"id":"mag:2149205391","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repub.eur.nl/pub/11990/EPS2008124LIS9058921543Quak.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:2993636825","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pure.buas.nl/en/publications/sustainability-of-urban-freight-transport","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:eur:oai:repub.eur.nl:11990","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1765/11990","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1765/11990","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196287","display_name":"RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I913958620","host_organization_name":"Erasmus University Rotterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I913958620"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralthesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":1.0,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","score":0.807699978351593,"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5378999710083008,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.5351999998092651,"display_name":"Climate action"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332553","display_name":"Erasmus Research Institute of Management","ror":"https://ror.org/057w15z03"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2149205391.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2149205391.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":102,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W20514894","https://openalex.org/W59310458","https://openalex.org/W114896398","https://openalex.org/W154626280","https://openalex.org/W1480385268","https://openalex.org/W1490150606","https://openalex.org/W1493617018","https://openalex.org/W1495643830","https://openalex.org/W1500402964","https://openalex.org/W1507168897","https://openalex.org/W1511077252","https://openalex.org/W1522217453","https://openalex.org/W1522768017","https://openalex.org/W1525223427","https://openalex.org/W1527311855","https://openalex.org/W1531656892","https://openalex.org/W1533818967","https://openalex.org/W1538206690","https://openalex.org/W1542593967","https://openalex.org/W1543061082","https://openalex.org/W1551078841","https://openalex.org/W1553401469","https://openalex.org/W1555844051","https://openalex.org/W1558140973","https://openalex.org/W1558293377","https://openalex.org/W1560188803","https://openalex.org/W1561085569","https://openalex.org/W1573428468","https://openalex.org/W1574392862","https://openalex.org/W1575079148","https://openalex.org/W1576861229","https://openalex.org/W1580698123","https://openalex.org/W1581186743","https://openalex.org/W1587076821","https://openalex.org/W1588866171","https://openalex.org/W1598749947","https://openalex.org/W1598936187","https://openalex.org/W1599305791","https://openalex.org/W1610358739","https://openalex.org/W1628939451","https://openalex.org/W1629905541","https://openalex.org/W1656175648","https://openalex.org/W1658942570","https://openalex.org/W1663169671","https://openalex.org/W1684214929","https://openalex.org/W1694125472","https://openalex.org/W1720634508","https://openalex.org/W1726084205","https://openalex.org/W1730509907","https://openalex.org/W1752308672","https://openalex.org/W1766077862","https://openalex.org/W1768321010","https://openalex.org/W1780993988","https://openalex.org/W1782673886","https://openalex.org/W1786451446","https://openalex.org/W1787610260","https://openalex.org/W1810280411","https://openalex.org/W1895521239","https://openalex.org/W1910835736","https://openalex.org/W1931216755","https://openalex.org/W2094397323","https://openalex.org/W2096723474","https://openalex.org/W2100743598","https://openalex.org/W2109035209","https://openalex.org/W2110613657","https://openalex.org/W2111226620","https://openalex.org/W2113685741","https://openalex.org/W2116008126","https://openalex.org/W2117434426","https://openalex.org/W2119136813","https://openalex.org/W2120383795","https://openalex.org/W2120758545","https://openalex.org/W2122761906","https://openalex.org/W2123004090","https://openalex.org/W2126859769","https://openalex.org/W2132474643","https://openalex.org/W2135793818","https://openalex.org/W2137042117","https://openalex.org/W2137772237","https://openalex.org/W2138255792","https://openalex.org/W2138605566","https://openalex.org/W2141142719","https://openalex.org/W2146201872","https://openalex.org/W2148672302","https://openalex.org/W2152793998","https://openalex.org/W2152794111","https://openalex.org/W2153020918","https://openalex.org/W2155981251","https://openalex.org/W2156286671","https://openalex.org/W2160190980","https://openalex.org/W2161653381","https://openalex.org/W2167964878","https://openalex.org/W2168283837","https://openalex.org/W2170925949","https://openalex.org/W2186985987","https://openalex.org/W2331229340","https://openalex.org/W2491176488","https://openalex.org/W2561743167","https://openalex.org/W2593238039","https://openalex.org/W3148847105","https://openalex.org/W4213298316","https://openalex.org/W7053248358"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7099838017","https://openalex.org/W191982210","https://openalex.org/W2081279485","https://openalex.org/W2124326403","https://openalex.org/W2118151852","https://openalex.org/W2166965965","https://openalex.org/W2887247958","https://openalex.org/W4389980229","https://openalex.org/W1491098011","https://openalex.org/W2993423730"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Although":[0],"our":[1],"urbanized":[2],"civilization":[3],"requires":[4],"freight":[5,13,29,67],"transport":[6,14,45,68,75],"in":[7,86,113,175,191,225,234],"order":[8],"to":[9,63,71,103,173,202],"sustain":[10],"it,":[11],"urban":[12,28,44,66,73],"is":[15,83],"especially":[16],"recognized":[17],"for":[18,107,230],"its":[19],"unsustainable":[20,25],"impacts.":[21],"To":[22],"reduce":[23],"the":[24,53,65,95,98,105,111,116,121,124,138,156,185,200,215,231],"impacts":[26,122,136],"of":[27,56,80,110,123,187],"transport,":[30],"many":[31],"local":[32,128,194],"governments":[33],"develop":[34,60],"policies":[35],"that":[36,82],"focus":[37],"sometimes":[38],"more":[39,50,226],"on":[40,47,137,147,180],"banning":[41],"or":[42],"restricting":[43],"than":[46],"making":[48],"it":[49],"sustainable.":[51],"In":[52,94,115],"first":[54],"part":[55,118],"this":[57],"thesis":[58],"we":[59,101,119,183,198],"a":[61,148],"framework":[62],"structure":[64],"field":[69],"and":[70,97,134,141,158,169,217,233],"review":[72,96],"fraight":[74],"sustainability":[76,129,143,195],"initiatives.":[77],"The":[78],"number":[79],"initiatives":[81,112],"succesfully":[84],"implemented":[85],"practice":[87],"turns":[88],"out":[89],"te":[90,207],"be":[91],"quite":[92],"low.":[93],"following":[99],"analysis,":[100],"try":[102],"find":[104],"barriers":[106],"succesful":[108],"implementation":[109],"practice.":[114],"seond":[117],"examine":[120,184,199],"most":[125],"commonly":[126],"used":[127],"policies.":[130,196],"Six":[131],"time-window":[132,167,238],"scenarios":[133],"their":[135,176],"economical,":[139],"environmental":[140,157],"social":[142],"are":[144,163,205],"examined":[145],"based":[146,179],"multiple":[149],"case":[150],"study.":[151],"Time-window":[152],"regulations":[153],"increase":[154],"both":[155],"distribution":[159,228],"costs.":[160],"Retail":[161],"chains":[162],"affected":[164],"differently":[165],"by":[166,212],"pressure":[168],"vehicle":[170],"restrictions":[171],"due":[172],"differences":[174],"logical":[177,189],"concept.":[178],"an":[181],"experiment":[182],"effects":[186],"retailers'":[188],"decisions":[190],"combination":[192],"with":[193,209],"Next,":[197],"degree":[201],"which":[203],"retailers":[204],"able":[206],"deal":[208],"problems":[210],"caused":[211],"time-windows.":[213],"Combining":[214],"primary":[216],"secondary":[218],"distribution,":[219],"i.e.":[220],"factory":[221],"gate":[222],"pricing,":[223],"results":[224],"sustainable":[227],"operations":[229],"retailer":[232],"less":[235],"sensivity":[236],"towards":[237],"regulations.":[239]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":15}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}