{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2148809689","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1525/aa.2000.102.4.818","title":"The Great Ape Project and Disability Rights: Ominous Undercurrents of Eugenics in Action","display_name":"The Great Ape Project and Disability Rights: Ominous Undercurrents of Eugenics in Action","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2148809689","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1525/aa.2000.102.4.818","mag":"2148809689"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1525/aa.2000.102.4.818","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1525/aa.2000.102.4.818","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/aa.2000.102.4.818","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S102499938","display_name":"American Anthropologist","issn_l":"0002-7294","issn":["0002-7294","1548-1433"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Anthropologist","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007207265","display_name":"Nora Ellen Groce","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7885-7042","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7885-7042"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nora Ellen Groce","raw_affiliation_strings":["1Global Health Division, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1Global Health Division, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079385608","display_name":"Jonathan Marks","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3572-7619","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3572-7619"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102149020","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Charlotte","ror":"https://ror.org/04dawnj30","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan Marks","raw_affiliation_strings":["2Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, NC 28223-0011"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"2Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, NC 28223-0011","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3400,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3400},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3147,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88329095,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"102","issue":"4","first_page":"818","last_page":"822"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11003","display_name":"Disability Rights and Representation","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11003","display_name":"Disability Rights and Representation","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14206","display_name":"Animal Law and Welfare","score":0.003599999938160181,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11420","display_name":"Geographies of human-animal interactions","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/animal-rights","display_name":"animal rights","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonhuman-primates","display_name":"non-human primates","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disability-rights","display_name":"disability rights","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eugenics","display_name":"eugenics","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-rights","display_name":"human rights","score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dehumanization","display_name":"dehumanization","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-animal-comparison","display_name":"human-animal comparison","score":0.5870000123977661}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140610115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170480","display_name":"Eugenics","level":2,"score":0.9605093002319336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32423185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3495037","display_name":"Dehumanization","level":2,"score":0.821790874004364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196187386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1050187","display_name":"Sociocultural evolution","level":2,"score":0.6023361682891846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5675233006477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169437150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8458","display_name":"Human rights","level":2,"score":0.506766140460968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776810005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627208","display_name":"Disability studies","level":2,"score":0.4818881154060364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95124753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875686","display_name":"Environmental ethics","level":1,"score":0.45812711119651794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.449614942073822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C538525177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426","display_name":"Animal rights","level":2,"score":0.4347931146621704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.41726571321487427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.2845331132411957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.27908170223236084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.26297086477279663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.1650841236114502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0987882912158966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1525/aa.2000.102.4.818","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1525/aa.2000.102.4.818","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/aa.2000.102.4.818","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S102499938","display_name":"American Anthropologist","issn_l":"0002-7294","issn":["0002-7294","1548-1433"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Anthropologist","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:1512527","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1512527/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"American Anthropologist , 102 (4) pp. 818-822. (2000)","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:15142","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/15142/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"American Anthropologist , 102 (4) pp. 818-822. (2008)","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:56017","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/56017/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST , 102 (4) pp. 818-822. (2000)","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W55409458","https://openalex.org/W105318348","https://openalex.org/W135704821","https://openalex.org/W230540954","https://openalex.org/W567098414","https://openalex.org/W581453379","https://openalex.org/W647600869","https://openalex.org/W974427502","https://openalex.org/W1516013633","https://openalex.org/W1594618849","https://openalex.org/W1974928750","https://openalex.org/W1977416045","https://openalex.org/W2000357056","https://openalex.org/W2003072778","https://openalex.org/W2005258820","https://openalex.org/W2016989204","https://openalex.org/W2085063628","https://openalex.org/W2089854146","https://openalex.org/W2108215795","https://openalex.org/W2153970289","https://openalex.org/W2161592479","https://openalex.org/W2312311585","https://openalex.org/W2325404630","https://openalex.org/W2338355554","https://openalex.org/W2414402079","https://openalex.org/W2443224335","https://openalex.org/W3040940426","https://openalex.org/W4235431033","https://openalex.org/W4240715603","https://openalex.org/W4242412609","https://openalex.org/W4248847550","https://openalex.org/W4292921760","https://openalex.org/W4391868726"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1499323256","https://openalex.org/W118146474","https://openalex.org/W4252425597","https://openalex.org/W2109930154","https://openalex.org/W2952579688","https://openalex.org/W2416008362","https://openalex.org/W4402603750","https://openalex.org/W3003703312","https://openalex.org/W4388077237","https://openalex.org/W3121596291"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,106],"Great":[1,67,117,147,175],"Ape":[2,68,118,148,176],"Project":[3,119,149],"is":[4,61,137],"an":[5],"international":[6],"animal":[7],"rights":[8,15,167],"movement":[9],"with":[10,27,41,58,90,131,161],"the":[11,20,42,48,66,79,103,116,146,152,170],"goal":[12],"of":[13,22,108],"extending":[14],"to":[16,31,50,77,102,121,150],"nonhuman":[17,54],"primates.":[18],"While":[19],"authors":[21,107],"this":[23,109],"essay":[24,110],"are":[25,39,168],"sympathetic":[26],"scholars":[28,64,114],"who":[29,74],"seek":[30],"ensure":[32],"humane":[33],"treatment":[34],"for":[35,143,164],"these":[36],"species,":[37],"they":[38],"concerned":[40],"growing":[43],"tendency":[44],"by":[45,158],"those":[46,144],"in":[47,65,115,145],"project":[49],"draw":[51],"analogies":[52],"between":[53,124,154],"primates":[55],"and":[56,86,126,140,156],"humans":[57,125],"disabilities.":[59],"It":[60],"felt":[62],"that":[63,83,97,112],"Project,":[69,177],"ignoring":[70],"findings":[71],"from":[72],"anthropologists":[73],"have":[75],"begun":[76],"study":[78],"significant":[80],"sociocultural":[81],"matrix":[82],"has":[84],"defined":[85],"often":[87,169],"limited":[88],"individuals":[89,160,163],"disabilities,":[91,162],"rely":[92],"on":[93],"assumptions":[94],"about":[95],"disability":[96],"can":[98],"be":[99,130],"traced":[100],"back":[101],"eugenics":[104],"movement.":[105],"argue":[111],"if":[113],"want":[120],"make":[122],"comparisons":[123],"apes,":[127,174],"it":[128,136],"should":[129],"all":[132],"humans.":[133],"They":[134],"feel":[135],"both":[138],"unfortunate":[139],"scientifically":[141],"inaccurate":[142],"blur":[151],"boundary":[153],"apes":[155],"people":[157],"dehumanizing":[159],"whom":[165],"human":[166,180],"most":[171],"precarious,":[172],"[great":[173],"disability,":[178],"eugenics,":[179],"rights]":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
