{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2148282154","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/1064546053278937","title":"Friends Reunited? Evolutionary Robotics and Representational Explanation","display_name":"Friends Reunited? Evolutionary Robotics and Representational Explanation","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2148282154","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/1064546053278937","mag":"2148282154","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15811228"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/1064546053278937","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/1064546053278937","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/1064546053278937","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2181302","display_name":"Artificial Life","issn_l":"1064-5462","issn":["1064-5462","1530-9185"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","ccf-c","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718","https://openalex.org/P4310316440"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press","Massachusetts Institute of Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Life","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101818009","display_name":"Michael Wheeler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0624-6739","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0624-6739"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177639307","display_name":"University of Dundee","ror":"https://ror.org/03h2bxq36","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177639307"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michael Wheeler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Philosophy, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Philosophy, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177639307"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101818009"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177639307"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.9379,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95311324,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"1-2","first_page":"215","last_page":"231"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10778","display_name":"Philosophy and History of Science","score":0.538100004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10778","display_name":"Philosophy and History of Science","score":0.538100004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11883","display_name":"Embodied and Extended Cognition","score":0.3540000021457672,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10258","display_name":"Philosophy and Theoretical Science","score":0.031099999323487282,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolutionary-robotics","display_name":"evolutionary robotics","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-representations","display_name":"internal representations","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reciprocal-causation","display_name":"reciprocal causation","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context-dependence","display_name":"context sensitivity","score":0.5139999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-behavior","display_name":"adaptive behavior","score":0.5699999928474426}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166151441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4923601","display_name":"Causation","level":2,"score":0.770689845085144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5936309099197388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.5918870568275452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.559188723564148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777742833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1964083","display_name":"Reciprocal","level":2,"score":0.5520673990249634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5468000769615173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34413123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170978","display_name":"Robotics","level":3,"score":0.5349278450012207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5006864070892334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4851284921169281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.44913238286972046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4410141706466675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.439832866191864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.2745703458786011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2694498598575592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.14741262793540955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11723822355270386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.11026635766029358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005075","descriptor_name":"Biological Evolution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012371","descriptor_name":"Robotics","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1162/1064546053278937","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/1064546053278937","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/1064546053278937","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2181302","display_name":"Artificial Life","issn_l":"1064-5462","issn":["1064-5462","1530-9185"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","ccf-c","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718","https://openalex.org/P4310316440"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press","Massachusetts Institute of Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Life","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:15811228","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15811228","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial life","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.4300000071525574,"display_name":"Life on land"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4631139","https://openalex.org/W106550765","https://openalex.org/W113532881","https://openalex.org/W191292346","https://openalex.org/W1481745947","https://openalex.org/W1510027090","https://openalex.org/W1513812374","https://openalex.org/W1590721856","https://openalex.org/W1592214585","https://openalex.org/W1597493663","https://openalex.org/W1608391772","https://openalex.org/W1652032257","https://openalex.org/W1900163321","https://openalex.org/W1933657216","https://openalex.org/W1977308918","https://openalex.org/W1993771541","https://openalex.org/W2005078497","https://openalex.org/W2012391952","https://openalex.org/W2017060242","https://openalex.org/W2026027420","https://openalex.org/W2035564102","https://openalex.org/W2071739800","https://openalex.org/W2076029366","https://openalex.org/W2142040995","https://openalex.org/W2144369859","https://openalex.org/W2149296077","https://openalex.org/W2154409655","https://openalex.org/W2155448342","https://openalex.org/W2170777527","https://openalex.org/W2226271864","https://openalex.org/W2250180543","https://openalex.org/W2277248246","https://openalex.org/W2332530507","https://openalex.org/W2332578720","https://openalex.org/W2391599638","https://openalex.org/W2763384692","https://openalex.org/W2913703059","https://openalex.org/W3190121440"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W123160279","https://openalex.org/W3181572373","https://openalex.org/W3111870350","https://openalex.org/W2785651995","https://openalex.org/W7099768639","https://openalex.org/W7133245158","https://openalex.org/W4298128065","https://openalex.org/W3180252218","https://openalex.org/W4403919899","https://openalex.org/W2086970882"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Robotics":[0],"as":[1],"practiced":[2],"within":[3],"the":[4,11,18,27,32,40,52,73,85,99,107,112,131,140],"artificial":[5],"life":[6],"community":[7],"is":[8],"no":[9],"longer":[10],"bitter":[12],"enemy":[13],"of":[14,31,42,70,87],"representational":[15,152],"explanation":[16],"in":[17,26],"way":[19],"that":[20,54,129],"it":[21],"sometimes":[22],"seemed":[23],"to":[24,46,51,65],"be":[25,61,138],"heady,":[28],"revolutionary":[29],"days":[30],"1990s.":[33],"This":[34],"rapprochement":[35],"is,":[36],"however,":[37],"fragile,":[38],"because":[39],"field":[41],"evolutionary":[43],"robotics":[44],"continues":[45],"pose":[47],"two":[48],"important":[49],"challenges":[50],"idea":[53],"real-time":[55],"intelligent":[56],"action":[57],"must":[58],"or":[59],"should":[60],"explained":[62],"by":[63,111],"appeal":[64],"inner":[66],"representations.":[67],"The":[68,97],"first":[69],"these":[71],"challenges,":[72],"threat":[74,100,132,141],"from":[75,101,133,142],"nontrivial":[76,134],"causal":[77,108,135],"spread,":[78],"occurs":[79,105],"when":[80,106],"extra-neural":[81],"factors":[82],"account":[83],"for":[84,117,150],"kind":[86],"adaptive":[88],"richness":[89],"and":[90,123],"flexibility":[91],"normally":[92],"associated":[93],"with":[94],"representation-based":[95],"control.":[96],"second,":[98],"continuous":[102,143],"reciprocal":[103,144],"causation,":[104],"contributions":[109],"made":[110],"systemic":[113],"components":[114],"collectively":[115],"responsible":[116],"behavior":[118],"generation":[119],"are":[120],"massively":[121],"context-sensitive":[122],"variable":[124],"over":[125],"time.":[126],"I":[127],"argue":[128],"while":[130],"spread":[136],"can":[137],"resisted,":[139],"causation":[145],"provides":[146],"a":[147],"stern":[148],"test":[149],"our":[151],"intuitions.":[153]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
