{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2148012276","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1389200023337054","title":"The Cytochrome P450 Superfamily: Biochemistry, Evolution and Drug Metabolism in Humans","display_name":"The Cytochrome P450 Superfamily: Biochemistry, Evolution and Drug Metabolism in Humans","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2148012276","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1389200023337054","mag":"2148012276","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12369887"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2174/1389200023337054","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1389200023337054","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1389200023337054","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195680726","display_name":"Current Drug Metabolism","issn_l":"1389-2002","issn":["1389-2002","1875-5453"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320079","host_organization_name":"Bentham Science Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Bentham Science Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Current Drug Metabolism","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Bentham Science Publisher P.B. Danielson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131651094","display_name":"University of Denver","ror":"https://ror.org/04w7skc03","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131651094"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bentham Science Publisher P.B. Danielson","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Denver, Department of Biological Sciences, Denver, Colorado 80210, USA. pdaniels@du.edu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Denver, Department of Biological Sciences, Denver, Colorado 80210, USA. pdaniels@du.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131651094"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131651094"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.6784,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":777,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98729185,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"6","first_page":"561","last_page":"597"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10375","display_name":"Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3004","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10375","display_name":"Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3004","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11747","display_name":"Metal-Catalyzed Oxygenation Mechanisms","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1604","display_name":"Inorganic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10570","display_name":"Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytochrome-p450","display_name":"cytochrome P450","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene-duplication","display_name":"gene duplication","score":0.4909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-metabolism","display_name":"drug metabolism","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-i-metabolism","display_name":"phase I metabolism","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-interactions","display_name":"drug interactions","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inter-individual-variability","display_name":"interindividual variability","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xenobiotic-metabolism","display_name":"xenobiotic metabolism","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endogenous-substrates","display_name":"endogenous substrates","score":0.628000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/functional-genomics","display_name":"functional genomics","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proteomics","display_name":"proteomics","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homology-modeling","display_name":"homology modeling","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/first-principles-modeling","display_name":"first-principles modeling","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structure-functions","display_name":"structure functions","score":0.44600000977516174}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526171541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407693","display_name":"Cytochrome P450","level":3,"score":0.7317147254943848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89311334","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1124842","display_name":"Drug metabolism","level":3,"score":0.644366979598999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.6270517110824585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.6263223886489868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780768313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408068","display_name":"Cytochrome","level":3,"score":0.5802196264266968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115448650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q409205","display_name":"Xenobiotic","level":3,"score":0.5404653549194336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.49114271998405457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62231903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1057","display_name":"Metabolism","level":2,"score":0.4394245445728302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196013638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14874295","display_name":"CYP2A6","level":5,"score":0.43211299180984497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.4135134816169739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.3714008629322052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.31045955419540405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86745063","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3737406","display_name":"CYP1A2","level":4,"score":0.17579728364944458}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003577","descriptor_name":"Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003577","descriptor_name":"Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003577","descriptor_name":"Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004364","descriptor_name":"Pharmaceutical Preparations","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019143","descriptor_name":"Evolution, Molecular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2174/1389200023337054","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1389200023337054","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1389200023337054","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195680726","display_name":"Current Drug Metabolism","issn_l":"1389-2002","issn":["1389-2002","1875-5453"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320079","host_organization_name":"Bentham Science Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Bentham Science Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Current Drug Metabolism","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:12369887","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12369887","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Current drug metabolism","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8048999905586243,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W44291606","https://openalex.org/W363870183","https://openalex.org/W626668238","https://openalex.org/W1493831303","https://openalex.org/W1557236062","https://openalex.org/W1558985262","https://openalex.org/W1581260556","https://openalex.org/W1969415797","https://openalex.org/W1971470207","https://openalex.org/W2023577729","https://openalex.org/W2027553882","https://openalex.org/W2047693311","https://openalex.org/W2124334570","https://openalex.org/W2330768369","https://openalex.org/W2546359730","https://openalex.org/W3095974152"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2036228589","https://openalex.org/W2067525361","https://openalex.org/W2027549508","https://openalex.org/W4243599245","https://openalex.org/W4382202511","https://openalex.org/W2034566612","https://openalex.org/W1819371718","https://openalex.org/W7092183268","https://openalex.org/W1969592782","https://openalex.org/W2162981425"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cytochrome":[0,89],"p450s":[1,90,118],"comprise":[2],"a":[3,169,190],"superfamily":[4,33],"of":[5,14,27,59,62,73,81,98,134,139,160,171,192,201,219,232,245],"heme-thiolate":[6],"proteins":[7],"named":[8],"for":[9,70,122],"the":[10,31,60,71,79,92,140,198,202,217,239],"spectral":[11],"absorbance":[12],"peak":[13],"their":[15,123],"carbon-monoxide-bound":[16],"species":[17],"at":[18],"450":[19],"nm.":[20],"Having":[21],"been":[22,166],"found":[23],"in":[24,126,144,152,157,242],"every":[25],"class":[26],"organism,":[28],"including":[29],"Archaea,":[30],"p450":[32,180,185,234],"is":[34],"believed":[35],"to":[36,57,137,179,215,229],"have":[37,53,165,187,213],"originated":[38],"from":[39],"an":[40,172],"ancestral":[41],"gene":[42,51,204],"that":[43,75],"existed":[44],"over":[45],"3":[46],"billion":[47],"years":[48],"ago.":[49],"Repeated":[50],"duplications":[52],"subsequently":[54],"given":[55],"rise":[56],"one":[58],"largest":[61],"multigene":[63],"families.":[64],"These":[65],"enzymes":[66],"are":[67,119,133],"notable":[68],"both":[69],"diversity":[72],"reactions":[74],"they":[76,87,132],"catalyze":[77],"and":[78,95,101,112,149,225],"range":[80],"chemically":[82],"dissimilar":[83],"substrates":[84,103],"upon":[85],"which":[86],"act.":[88],"support":[91],"oxidative,":[93],"peroxidative":[94],"reductive":[96],"metabolism":[97,130,164],"such":[99],"endogenous":[100],"xenobiotic":[102],"as":[104,168,221,223],"environmental":[105],"pollutants,":[106],"agrochemicals,":[107],"plant":[108],"allelochemicals,":[109],"steroids,":[110],"prostaglandins":[111],"fatty":[113],"acids.":[114],"In":[115,210],"humans,":[116],"cytochrome":[117,161,184,233,247],"best":[120],"know":[121],"central":[124],"role":[125],"phase":[127],"I":[128],"drug":[129,147,153,163],"where":[131],"critical":[135],"importance":[136],"two":[138],"most":[141],"significant":[142],"problems":[143],"clinical":[145],"pharmacology:":[146],"interactions":[148],"interindividual":[150],"variability":[151],"metabolism.":[154],"Recent":[155],"advances":[156,241],"our":[158,243],"understanding":[159,244],"p450-mediated":[162],"accelerated":[167],"result":[170],"increasing":[173],"emphasis":[174],"on":[175],"functional":[176,199],"genomic":[177],"approaches":[178],"research.":[181],"While":[182],"human":[183,194,246],"databases":[186],"swelled":[188],"with":[189],"flood":[191],"new":[193],"sequence":[195],"variants,":[196],"however,":[197],"characterization":[200],"corresponding":[203],"products":[205],"has":[206],"not":[207],"kept":[208],"pace.":[209],"response":[211],"researchers":[212],"begun":[214],"apply":[216],"tools":[218],"proteomics":[220],"well":[222],"homology-based":[224],"ab":[226],"initio":[227],"modeling":[228],"salient":[230],"questions":[231],"structure/function.":[235],"This":[236],"review":[237],"examines":[238],"latest":[240],"p450s.":[248]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":43},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":48},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":43},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":52},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":45},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":47},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":47},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":43},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":28}],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}